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荒漠、高寒等胁迫生境中,植物间往往发生正相互作用(促进作用),调控着植物种群动态和群落结构。然而,由于实验处理较为困难,目前地上与地下促进作用在调控植株大小不整齐性中的相对重要性仍不清楚。
利用研究团队自主开发的双层“影响域”模型,从理论上探究了在胁迫梯度上植物竞争对称性和促进作用对植株大小不整齐性(单株生物量的变异系数)的影响。
荒漠植物群落中植株大小不整齐性(a, b)及利用双层“影响域”模型模拟植物种群动态(c)
结果:当植株独立生长时,生境胁迫度对大小不整齐性没有影响。当仅有竞争作用时(无促进作用),地上、地下和全株竞争强度均随胁迫度增加而降低。相应地,植株大小不整齐性在大多数相互作用情景下均随胁迫度增加而降低。不对称的地上光竞争(大个体截获全部资源)比完全对称的地下水、养分竞争导致更大的植株大小不整齐性。当存在地上或地下促进作用时,地上或地下相互作用在较强胁迫生境中表现为净促进作用(即促进大于竞争)。在这些相互作用情景下,促进作用能够导致更大的植株大小不整齐性,这是因为大个体通过与更多邻株发生重叠从而受惠更多(胁迫减缓)。此外,胁迫生境中植物地上促进作用比地下促进作用对种群大小不整齐性的贡献更大,这可能时因为地上促进作用的个体间不对称性更大(大个体受惠更多)。
结论:模型模拟揭示了地上促进作用对植株大小不整齐性的增强作用。在胁迫生境中开展农林业生产时,可以通过调节种植密度、冠分隔、疏伐等措施调控地上竞争和促进作用的平衡,从而达到期望的生产目标(提高大小均匀性或促进大个体的生长优势)。
Figure 1.Conceptual diagram of the two-layer ZOI model.
Figure 2.Log response ratio of shoot, root, and shoot+root interactions (lnRRshoot, lnRRroot, and lnRRshoot+root, respectively) and size inequality (coefficient of variation of biomass) under completely-asymmetric shoot competition (bshoot = ∞) and completely-symmetric root competition (broot = 0) along a non-resource stress gradient. NF refers to simulations without facilitation, Fshoot, Froot, and Fshoot+root quantify facilitation contributed by shoot, root, and both parts, respectively. Each data point represents the mean over three replicates.
Figure 3. Log response ratio of shoot, root, and shoot+root interactions (lnRRshoot, lnRRroot, and lnRRshoot+root, respectively) and size inequality (coefficient of variation of biomass) under completely-asymmetric shoot competition (bshoot = ∞) and size-symmetric root competition (broot = 1) along a non-resource stress gradient. NF refers to simulations in the absence of facilitation, Fshoot, Froot, and Fshoot+root quantify facilitation contributed by shoot, root, and both parts, respectively. Each data point represents the mean over three replicates.
原文链接:https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11104-024-07056-0
该项研究依托宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站开展,研究结果于2024年11月4日在线发表于国际期刊《Plant and Soil》,论文第一作者为贾昕教授,通信作者为中国农业大学张炜平副教授。研究得到多项国家重点研发计划、国家自然科学基金和第三次新疆综合科学考察项目的资助。
该项研究为团队在植物间相互作用模拟领域系列成果的第5篇论文,其中3篇论文发表在国际知名生态学期刊《Oikos》:
Jia X(贾昕), Zhang W-P(张炜平) (2024) Shoot facilitation contributes more than root facilitation to plant size inequality under environmental stress: theoretical insights from a two-layer zone-of-influence model. - Plant Soil. 10.1007/s11104-024-07056-0.
Jia X(贾昕), Dai XF, Shen ZX, Zhang JY, Wang GX (2011) Facilitation can maintain clustered spatial pattern of plant populations during density-dependent mortality: insights from a zone-of-influence model. - Oikos 120: 472-480.
Zhang WP(张炜平), Jia X(贾昕),Damgaard C, Morris C, Bai YY, Pan S, Wang GX (2013) The Interplay between above- and below-ground plant-plant interactions along an environmental gradient: insights from two-layer zone-of-influence models. - Oikos 122: 1147-1156.
Zhang WP(张炜平), Jia X(贾昕), Wang GX (2017) Facilitation among plants can accelerate density-dependent mortality and steepen self-thinning lines in stressful environments. - Oikos 126: 1197-1207.
张炜平, 潘莎, 贾昕, 储诚进, 肖洒, 林玥, 白燕远, 王根轩, 2013. 植物间正相互作用对种群动态和群落结构的影响:基于个体模型的研究进展. 植物生态学报 37, 571-582.
贾昕,教授,博士生导师
研究方向:荒漠生态学、生态系统碳水循环、植物功能性状、植物间相互作用、荒漠植物多样性等
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