双语字幕Halitosis 口臭 When it comes to bad breath or halitosis, treatment can not be pursued until the location of the bad breath is identified. Broadly speaking, the source of a person's bad breath may come from 4 different regions: the nose, mouth, throat, and lungs.对于口臭，我们只有确定口臭来源的位置，才能进行治疗。一般而言，口臭可能源于 4 个不同的区域：鼻腔、口腔、喉和肺。 Before being able to successfully treat bad breath or halitosis, one must first determine where the bad breath is coming from. Is it coming from just the nose, just the mouth, or both from the nose and mouth.我们必须先确定口臭的来源，才能成功治疗口臭。我们需要确定口臭只源于鼻腔、只源于口腔，或者来源于鼻腔和口腔。 Assuming air coming out of the lungs is fresh and pure, should bad breath emanate only from the mouth but not the nose, the source of the bad smell is somewhere in the mouth. For example, this occurs with morning breath or patients suffering from a dry mouth or dental problems.假如从肺排出的空气新鲜纯净，口臭只从口腔散发出来，而不是鼻腔，那么口臭的来源就是口腔的某个位置。例如，它发生于晨起有口气者，或口腔干燥或牙齿疾病患者。 If the bad breath only occurs from the nose, but not the mouth, the source of the bad odor is due to some type of sino-nasal issue like a sinus infection or nasal foreign body.如果口臭只发生于鼻腔，而不是口腔，则口腔异味由某些类型的鼻窦问题引起，如鼻窦感染或鼻腔异物。 If the bad breath emanates from both the nose and mouth, this suggests the source of the bad smell to be coming from the throat or even the lungs. Examples of lung or throat issues that may cause halitosis include reflux, throat cancer, and lung infections as well as more systemic issues like diabetes and advanced kidney or liver disease.如果口臭同时从口腔和鼻腔散发出来，则表明口臭源于喉，或者甚至是肺。可能引起口臭的肺或喉疾病包括反流病、喉癌和肺部感染，以及全身性疾病，如糖尿病和晚期肾脏或肝脏疾病。 Of course, one can potentially also have a simultaneous mouth and nose problem. When it comes to the mouth, one can further localize where the bad smell is coming from by doing the finger scratch and sniff test.当然，口臭者也可能同时患有口腔和鼻腔疾病。对于口腔问题，患者可通过手指刮擦和嗅探测试来进一步定位异位的来源。 Basically, gently scratch with a fingernail the front surface of the tongue, tonsil, and even the very back of the tongue one at a time followed by sniffing the material collected on the finger.大体是使用指甲轻轻地刮擦舌头的前表面、扁桃体，甚至是舌后部，每次刮擦一个位置，然后嗅探手指上收集到的材料。 Once the location and cause of your bad breath have been identified, only then can treatment be successfully pursued.确定口臭的位置和原因后，就可以成功进行治疗！ 相关单词学习
Halitosis
①发音和释义 hal•i•to•sis/ˌhælɪˈtoʊsɪs/n. 口臭 A condition of having unpleasant-smelling breath. 单词 halitosis由下列成分构成 halitus 呼吸，气息+-osis（后缀）疾病（图源：太帅图库）
《模拟手术操作课程一》（课时：43） 《模拟手术操作课程一》暂定 43 讲，应用3D动画讲解，并演示腹腔镜全子宫切除、腹式子宫切除术、增殖腺扁桃体切除术、锁孔疝修复术、缩胸手术、白内障手术、胃束带术、心脏瓣膜置换术等各系统外科手术。Little stone fell great oaks. 滴水穿石。戳“阅读原文”，查看全部视频课程
