明晚8:30pm，读书讨论会继续！结束后碟机开放
关于《地下室手记》的
一些讨论结果，可以用一键翻译查看：
Topic - Free will, reason and determinism - Part 1 - Chapter 8
Ведь в самом деле, ну, если вправду найдут когда-нибудь формулу всех наших хотений и капризов, то есть от чего они зависят, по каким именно законам происходят, как именно распространяются, куда стремятся в таком-то и в таком-то случае и проч., и проч., то есть настоящую математическую формулу, - так ведь тогда человек тотчас же, пожалуй, и перестанет хотеть, да еще, пожалуй, и наверно перестанет. Ну что за охота хотеть по табличке? Мало того: тотчас же обратится он из человека в органный штифтик или вроде того; потому, что же такое человек без желаний, без воли и без хотений, как не штифтик в органном вале? Как вы думаете?
And indeed, well, if one day they really find the formula for all our wantings and caprices – that is, what they depend on, by precisely what laws they occur, precisely how they spread, what they strive for in such-and-such a case, and so on and so forth; a real, mathematical formula, that is – then perhaps man will immediately stop wanting; what’s more, perhaps he will certainly stop. Who wants to want according to a little table? Moreover: he will immediately turn from a man into a sprig in an organ or something of the sort; because what is man without desires, without will, and without wantings, if not a sprig in an organ barrel? What do you think?
[…] но рассудок есть только рассудок и удовлетворяет только рассудочной способности человека, а хотенье есть проявление всей жизни, то есть всей человеческой жизни, и с рассудком, и со всеми почесываниями. И хоть жизнь наша в этом проявлении выходит зачастую дрянцо, но все-таки жизнь, а не одно только извлечение квадратного корня.
[…] reason, gentlemen, is a fine thing, that is unquestionable, but reason is only reason and satisfies only man’s reasoning capacity, while wanting is a manifestation of the whole of life – that is, the whole of human life, including reason and various little itches. And though our life in this manifestation often turns out to be a bit of trash, still it is life and not just the extraction of a square root.
Though he likes to philosophize, the underground man has no use for philosophical terminology. When he picks up such words, it is to make fun of them; otherwise he couches his thought in the most blunt and even crude terms. An example is his use of the rare word khoteniye, a verbal noun formed from khotet’, ”to want.” It is a simple, elemental word, with an almost physical, appetitive immediacy. The English equivalent is ”wanting,” which is how we have translated it. The primitive quality of the word appears to have alarmed our predecessors, who translate it as ”wishing,” ”desire,” ”will,” ”intention,” ”choice,” ”volition,” and render it variously at various times. The underground man invariably says ”wanting” and ”to want.” He plays on the different uses of the word (”Who wants to want according to a little table?”); there is one passage running from the end of Chapter VII to the start of Chapter VIII in the first part where ”want” and ”wanting” appear eighteen times in two paragraphs – the stylistic point of which is blunted when other words are used.
