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封面：南开大学李福军课题组总结了锂-氧气电池中不同钌基电催化剂及其结构-性能关系和正极界面过氧化锂生成生成与分解机理。（文献号 2314004）
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王昱喆, 蒋卓良, 温波, 黄耀辉, 李福军. 锂氧电池中钌基电催化剂的研究进展[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2024, 30(8): 2314004.
Yu-Zhe Wang, Zhuo-Liang Jiang, Bo Wen, Yao-Hui Huang, Fu-Jun Li. Recent Advances on Ruthenium-Based Electrocatalysts for Lithium-Oxygen Batteries[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2024, 30(8): 2314004.
DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.3466
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Rechargeable lithium-oxygen (Li-O2) batteries have attracted wide attention due to their high energy density. However, the sluggish cathode kinetics results in high overvoltage and poor cycling performance. Ruthenium (Ru)-based electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to be promising cathode catalysts to promote oxygen evolution reaction (OER). It facilitates decomposition of lithium peroxide (Li2O2) by adjusting Li2O2 morphologies, which is due to the strong interaction between Ru-based catalyst and superoxide anion (O2-) intermediate. In this review, the design strategies of Ru-based electrocatalysts are introduced to enhance their OER catalytic kinetics in Li-O2 batteries. Different configurations of Ru-based catalysts, including metal particles (Ru metal and alloys), single-atom catalysts, and Ru-loaded compounds with various substrates (carbon materials, metal oxides/sulfides), have been summarized to regulate the electronic structure and the matrix architecture of the Ru-based electrocatalysts. The structure-property relationship of Ru-based catalysts is discussed for a better understanding of the Li2O2 decomposition mechanism at the cathode interface. Finally, the challenges of Ru-based electrocatalysts are proposed for the future development of Li-O2 batteries.
高博远, 冷文华. 氧化铜光电化学分解水反应速率方程[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2024, 30(8): 2312111. Bo-Yuan Gao, Wen-Hua Leng. Rate Law for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting over CuO[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2024, 30(8): 2312111.
DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.3467
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Photocatalytic splitting of water over p-type semiconductors is a promising strategy for production of hydrogen. However, the determination of rate law is rarely reported. To this purpose, copper oxide (CuO) is selected as a model photocathode in this study, and the photogenerated surface charge density, interfacial charge transfer rate constant and their relation to the water reduction rate (in terms of photocurrent) were investigated by a combination of (photo)electrochemical techniques. The results showed that the charge transfer rate constant is exponential-dependent on the surface charge density, and that the photocurrent equals to the product of the charge transfer rate constant and surface charge density. The reaction is first-order in terms of surface charge density. Such an unconventional rate law contrasts with the reports in literature. The charge density-dependent rate constant results from the Fermi level pinning (i.e., Galvani potential is the main driving force for the reaction) due to accumulation of charge in the surface states and/or Frumkin behavior (i.e., chemical potential is the main driving force). This study, therefore, may be helpful for further investigation on the mechanism of hydrogen evolution over a CuO photocathode and for designing more efficient CuO-based photocatalysts.王世林, 龚旭, 刘丽娜, 李奕彤, 张宸语, 许乐俊, 冯旭宁, 王淮斌. 不同荷电状态18650 LiFePO4电池的排放气体燃爆特性数值分析[J]. 电化学（中英文）, 2024, 30(8): 2309241.Shi-Lin Wang, Xu Gong, Li-Na Liu, Yi-Tong Li, Chen-Yu Zhang, Le-Jun Xu, Xu-Ning Feng, Huai-Bin Wang. Numerical Analysis of Explosion Characteristics of Vent Gas from 18650 LiFePO4 Batteries with Different States of Charge[J]. Journal of Electrochemistry, 2024, 30(8): 2309241. DOI: 10.61558/2993-074X.3454![]()
The combustion and explosion characteristics of lithium-ion battery vent gas is a key factor in determining the fire hazard of lithium-ion batteries. Investigating the combustion and explosion hazards of lithium-ion batteries vent gas can provide guidance for rescue and protection in explosion accidents in energy storage stations and new energy vehicles, thereby promoting the application and development of lithium-ion batteries. Based on this understanding and combined with previous research on gas production from lithium-ion batteries, this article conducted a study on the combustion and explosion risks of vent gas from thermal runaway of 18650 LFP batteries with different states of charge (SOCs). The explosion limit of mixed gases affected by carbon dioxide inert gas is calculated through the "elimination" method, and the Chemkin-Pro software is used to numerically simulate the laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature of the battery vent gas. And the concentration of free radicals and sensitivity coefficients of major elementary reactions in the system are analyzed to comprehensively evaluate the combustion explosion hazard of battery vent gas. The study found that the 100% SOC battery has the lowest explosion limit of the vent gas. The inhibitory elementary reaction sensitivity coefficient in the reaction system is lower and the concentration of free radicals is higher. Therefore, it has the maximum laminar flame speed and adiabatic flame temperature. The combustion and explosion hazard of battery vent gas increases with the increase of SOC, and the risk of explosion is the greatest and most harmful when SOC reaches 100%. However, the related hazards decrease to varying degrees with overcharging of the battery. This article provides a feasible method for analyzing the combustion mechanism of vent gas from lithium-ion batteries, revealing the impact of SOC on the hazardousness of battery vent gas. It provides references for the safety of storage and transportation of lithium-ion batteries, safety protection of energy storage stations, and the selection of related fire extinguishing agents.
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