24年11月8日文献情报（16篇）

24年11月8日文献情报

1. 题目: Competitive adsorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on phosphorus tailing-modified sludge biochar provides mechanistic insights

文章编号: N24110816
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Anrong Liu, Li-Juan Feng, Yangyang Ou, Xiaoya Zhang, Jinhong Zhang, Hongyan Chen
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要:

Biochar has been widely used to solve the wastewater pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). However, the competition of PAHs with different benzene ring numbers (e.g., phenanthrene [Phe], pyrene [Pyr], and benzo[a]pyrene [BaP]) for adsorption sites on biochar has received little attention. In this study, biochar was produced by co-pyrolysis of sludge and phosphorus tailing at different temperatures (300, 500, or 800 °C) to adsorb PAHs. The results show that phosphorus tailing increased the adsorption of PAH by increasing the biochar’s BET surface area (S_BET), micropore volume, hydrophobicity (at low temperatures) and aromaticity (at high temperatures). The maximum adsorption capacities were 29.90 µmol/g for Phe, 25.58 µmol/g for Pyr and 20.45 µmol/g for BaP, respectively. Importantly, the types and functions of groups involved in the adsorption of various PAHs were discussed. Adsorption of Phe and Pyr on the biochar mainly involved C=O and C–O–C functional groups, and there was a certain degree of competition between these PAHs for those sites. In contrast, BaP mainly adsorbed at C–OH and C=C moieties, without competing with Phe or Pyr at C–OH sites. The competitive edge of BaP was also stronger than that of Phe and Pyr on C=C functional groups. The adsorption mechanisms involving pore filling, hydrophobic interactions, and π–π interactions governed the adsorption of the evaluated PAHs. Overall, the adsorption of PAHs on biochar followed a heterogeneous chemical adsorption process.

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2. 题目: Fifty percent overestimation of black carbon concentration measured in aerosols of the Tibetan Plateau

文章编号: N24110815
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Zhaofu Hu, Shichang Kang, Chaoliu Li, Chao Zhang, Fangping Yan, Pengfei Chen, Duoji Danmenzhen
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Elemental carbon (EC), also known as black carbon, plays an important role in climate change. Accurately assessing EC concentration in aerosols remains challenging due to the overestimations caused by carbonates and organic carbon (OC) during thermal-optical measurement in the Tibetan Plateau (TP). This study evaluates the extent of EC overestimated by carbonates and OC at four remote sites (Nyalamu, Lulang, Everest and Ngari) in southern and western of the TP using different treatments. The average overestimation of EC concentration due to acid treatment was consistent across all sites (25.5 ± 2.4 %). After correction, the proportion of EC overestimated by carbonates were approximately 8.5 ± 7.3 %, 12.3 ± 6.9 %, 18.1 ± 11.8 % and 22.7 ± 13.3 %, respectively, revealing an increasing trend from humid to arid regions. Methanol-soluble OC (MSOC) concentrations were significantly correlated with the reduction of EC concentrations, indicating that the methanol extraction effectively mitigates EC overestimation. Seasonal variation of carbonaceous aerosol concentrations was significantly affected by sources from South Asia. Despite the variations in climate and aerosol sources, the average overestimations of measured EC concentration by carbonates and OC were similar at Nyalamu (49.4 ± 14.0 %), Lulang (47.8 ± 8.4 %), Everest (48.7 ± 15.9 %) and Ngari (49.3 ± 13.7 %) sites. Therefore, the actual EC concentrations were only about 51.2 ± 13.1 % of the original values. This estimation will significantly enhance the contribution of brown carbon (BrC) to radiative forcing relative to EC, highlighting a critical area for future research. Investigating the actual concentrations of EC in the TP provides critical data to support model simulation and validate model accuracy, further enhancing our understanding of EC’s impacts on climate warming and glacier melting.
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3. 题目: Screening of metal-modified biochars for practical phosphorus recovery

文章编号: N24110814
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Man Li, Qian Xie, Fangxi Xu, Yan Zhang, Zechao Zhuang, Jiawei Xu, Hai Xiang, Yongfu Li, Yanjiang Cai, Zuliang Chen, Bing Yu
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: The utilization of metal-modified biochars (MBCs) for practical phosphorus recovery has attracted significant research interest recently. However, the optimal choice of metals and modification methods for MBCs remains unclear. This study addresses this gap by comparing the phosphate adsorption capabilities of various MBCs using real municipal wastewater. The results show that zinc-modified biochar exhibits superior phosphate adsorption compared to biochars modified with calcium, magnesium, aluminum, and iron. Specifically, zinc-modified biochar prepared through metal-mediated biomass pyrolysis with alkaline soaking (ZnBC-OH) demonstrates the highest adsorption capacity, achieving 36.6 mg P/g in wastewater with a phosphate concentration of 5 mg P/L. This performance surpasses that of previously reported non-lanthanide modified biochars and is comparable to lanthanide-modified biochars. Mechanistic investigations reveal that the exceptional performance of ZnBC-OH is due to the presence of highly dispersed ZnO sites, which facilitate the formation of Zn₃(PO₄)₂·4H₂O precipitation, effectively retaining phosphate. Furthermore, a techno-economic analysis indicates that using ZnBC-OH in a fixed-bed column system can reduce phosphate levels from 6 mg L⁻¹ to below 0.5 mg L⁻¹ at a cost of 1.834 USD per ton of secondary treated wastewater, underscoring its promising application potential.
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4. 题目: Competition & UV254 projection in odorants vs natural organic matter adsorption onto activated carbon surfaces: Is the chemistry right?

文章编号: N24110813
期刊: Water Research
作者: Fang Liu, Qi Wang, Frederik Zietzschmann, Fan Yang, Shaozhen Nie, Junzhi Zhang, Min Yang, Jianwei Yu
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption remains an indispensable method for addressing odor problems in drinking water. While natural organic matter (NOM) is ubiquitous and competes strongly in deteriorating odorant adsorption capacity, it can also serve as a promising indicator for predicting odorant adsorption through online measurement. However, the impact of PAC surface chemistry on NOM competition and feasibility of prediction across various adsorbents are not well understood. Here, we examined the role of PAC properties (pore structure and surface chemistry) in the competitive adsorption between odorants and NOM components, aligned with the applicability assessment of using NOM optical properties for odorant adsorption projection across various PAC samples. Chemical oxidation and thermal treatment achieved considerable changes in surface functional group composition, alongside minimal changes in pore structure, of two typical PAC products with microporous/mesoporous pore characteristics. The effect of NOM interference on the reduction of odorant adsorption exhibited a similar level regardless of the PACs with different pore structure (average pore size of 1.7 nm vs. 4.2 nm). Surface modification increased the equilibrium adsorption capacity (q_e50) of odorants by 15.1% to 146.4% (thermal treatment) or decreased by -81.3% to -34.1% (chemical oxidation), respectively, but minimal changes in odorant-NOM selectivity. For various odorants, hydrophobicity (log D) influenced the adsorption capacity while the structural flexibility (reflected by the rotatable bonds) affected the vulnerability of odorant adsorption to NOM competition. It was found for the first time that four-parameter Richards model (RMSE = 2.6%) is superior to the linear model (RMSE = 12.5%) or logarithmic model (RMSE = 77.6%) to describe the S-shape UV₂₅₄ projection curves associated with odorant adsorption on PAC. Moreover, the feasibility was confirmed to use UV₂₅₄ projection curves of pristine PAC fitted with the Richard model to predict the odorant adsorption on surface-modified PAC in two different surface waters (RMSE 9.2% and 7.4%, respectively). This study provides insight into the role of PAC surface chemistry and pore characteristics in odorant adsorption in NOM-containing waters and enhances the feasibility of the NOM surrogate model for odorant monitor and control during PAC adsorption.
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5. 题目: Molecular-level insight into the role of soil-derived dissolved organic matter composition in regulating photochemical reactivity

文章编号: N24110812
期刊: Water Research
作者: Dong Ren, Biwei Yang, Yinghui Wang, Junjian Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Soil-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM) links soil and water carbon pools and is an important source of photochemically produced reactive intermediates (PPRIs) in aquatic environments. Despite its importance, the variations in photochemical reactivity of soil-derived DOM molecules in producing PPRIs across broad geographical regions, and the factors driving these variations, remain unclear. Herein, we resolved the apparent quantum yields (Φ(PPRIs)) of hydroxyl radicals (•OH), singlet oxygen (¹O₂), and excited triplet-state DOM (³DOM*) for irradiated DOM from 22 representative soil reference materials in China, and linked them to soil pH, mineral weathering degree, and DOM characteristics. Generally, the average Φ(PPRIs) values of the soil-derived DOM followed the order of Φ(³DOM*) (1.67× 10⁻²) > Φ(¹O₂) (1.47× 10⁻²) > Φ(•OH) (7.31× 10⁻⁵). The DOM from less weathered soils showed higher Φ(•OH) and Φ(³DOM*) and comparable Φ(¹O₂) than that from more weathered soils. The differences were mainly regulated by the abundance of humic-, lignin-, tannin-, and aromatic-like compounds, as indicated by the correlation and random forest model analyses. Partial least squares and multiple linear regression analyses identified DOM molecular weight, nominal oxidation state of carbon, and soil chemical index of alteration as effective predictors of •OH yields. Soil chemical index of alteration emerged as a prioritized predictor of ³DOM* yields, while the electron-donating capacity and humic-like compound content of the soil-derived DOM were effective predictors of ¹O₂ yields. This study advances our understanding of how mineral weathering processes regulate the photochemical reactivity of soil-derived DOM in the aquatic environment across wide geographical regions.
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6. 题目: Adsorption and biodegradation of butyl xanthate in mine water by Pseudomonas sp. immobilized on yak dung biochar

文章编号: N24110811
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Tingqian Shan, Bin Wang, Weiguo Tu, Fuyang Huang, Wenguang Yang, Mengyang Xiang, Xuemei Luo
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: The butyl xanthate (BX) in mining wastewater poses significant environmental challenges due to its toxicity and persistence. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of Pseudomonas sp. immobilized on yak dung biochar (Ps.@YDBC600) for BX degradation, emphasizing the synergistic effects of biochar adsorption and microbial degradation. BX removal efficiency of free Pseudomonas sp. cells was assessed under various environmental conditions, with optimal degradation observed at 30°C and an initial pH of 5.0. Yak dung biochar prepared at 600°C (YDBC600) was selected due to its high surface area, porosity, and favorable adsorption properties, enhancing the immobilization and activity of Pseudomonas sp.. The absorption of BX by biochar followed a two-compartment first-order kinetic model and primarily involved hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions, and pore filling. The primary crystalline mineral component of YDBC600 and Ps.@YDBC600 before and after the adsorption and degradation of BX was SiO₂. The Ps.@YDBC600 was shown to significantly enhance BX removal efficiency compared to free Pseudomonas sp. cells or biochar alone. Molecular studies indicated that biochar facilitated BX degradation by providing a stable environment for Pseudomonas sp. and optimizing metabolic resource allocation. The primary by-products, including CS₂, HS–, ROCOS–, ROCSSH and (ROCSS)₂ were effectively minimized (each by-product was reduced more than 80%), reducing secondary pollution. These findings demonstrated the potential of Pseudomonas sp. immobilized on biochar as an effective approach for treating BX-contaminated mining wastewater, offering a sustainable approach to environmental remediation and management.
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7. 题目: Coupling of Anthropogenic Activities and Natural Factors on Dissolved Organic Matter: Insights from Coastal Urban Rivers in Southern China

文章编号: N24110810
期刊: Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
作者: Ya Wang, Yafeng Zhang, Shi Tang, Yongjin Liang, Renren Wu, Penghui Li
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Accelerated urbanization has reshaped the biogeochemistry of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in urban rivers, yet the interplay between anthropogenic and natural influences on riverine DOM remains unclear. This study utilized absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), to explore the spatiotemporal distribution of DOM in twenty coastal rivers located in a highly urbanized area. Findings highlight increased DOM abundance, especially the protein-like component (C2: 1.48 RU in urban rives and 0.24 RU in suburban rivers), in the rivers of urban areas, contrasted by seasonal shifts of chromophoric DOM (CDOM) and humic-like DOM in the rivers of suburban areas (a₃₅₀: 3.18 m^-1 in the wet season and 1.23 m^-1 in the dry season). Tidal mixing’s role in DOM distribution is evidenced by diurnal salinity changes and its inverse relationship with DOM abundance. Notably, the Shenzhen River’s unique DOM composition (a higher abundance of humic-like DOM and a lower abundance of protein-like DOM) suggests agricultural impacts. Strong correlations (R² values reaching up to 0.87) between spectral DOM indicators and chemical oxygen demand (COD) underscore the great potential of spectral methods for water quality monitoring. Overall, this study illuminates the coupled effects of urbanization and natural factors on riverine DOM, offering insights for the biogeochemical cycling of DOM and water quality management in urban rivers, with implications for similar urbanized regions globally.
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8. 题目: Global meta-analysis and machine learning reveal the critical role of soil properties in influencing biochar-pesticide interactions

文章编号: N24110809
期刊: Environment International
作者: Jingyu Wang, Trine Norgaard, Lorenzo Pugliese, Pedro N Carvalho, Shubiao Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Biochar application in soils is increasingly advocated globally for its dual benefits in enhancing agricultural productivity and sequestering carbon. However, lingering concerns persist regarding its environmental impact, particularly concerning its interactions with pesticide residues in soil. Previous research has fragmentarily indicated elevated pesticide residues and prolonged persistence in biochar-amended soil, suggesting a potential adverse consequence of biochar application on pesticide degradation. Yet, conclusive evidence and conditions for this phenomenon remain elusive. To address this gap, we conducted a comprehensive assessment using meta-analysis and machine learning techniques, synthesizing data from 58 studies comprising 386 observations worldwide. Contrary to initial concerns, our findings revealed no definitive increase in pesticide concentrations in soil following biochar application. Moreover, a significant reduction of 66 % in pesticide concentrations within soil organisms, such as plants and earthworms, was observed. The quantitative analysis identified soil organic matter content as a key factor influencing biochar-pesticide interactions, suggesting that applying biochar to soils rich in organic matter is less likely to increase pesticide persistence. This study provides a critical assessment of the environmental fate of pesticides under biochar application, offering valuable guidance for the optimal utilization of both pesticides and biochar in sustainable agricultural practices.
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9. 题目: Critical impact of biochar on hydroxyl radical generation during humin oxidation

文章编号: N24110808
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Handan Zhang, Liping Li, Xinhui Liu, Xin Zhang, Xiqin Liu, Lu Dong, Pengcheng Li, Mengzhu Xue, Bohan Li, Guohui Xia
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: The production of hydroxyl radicals (·OH) via reduced humin oxygenation is well established. As biochar is widely used in environmental restoration, its coexistence with humin in restored soils may affect ·OH generation due to its electron transfer ability. However, the role of biochar in ·OH generation remains largely unexplored. Herein, we investigated the ·OH generation by humin-biochar at different mass ratios. Our results indicated that biochar could significantly enhance the ·OH production by humin when the mass of humin exceeded that of biochar. Notably, when the mass ratio of humin to biochar was 50, the ·OH produced reached 67.3 μM, which is nearly 1.5 times the amount generated by humin alone (43.1 μM). Both single-electron and two-electron transfer pathways coexisted in ·OH generation by humin-biochar. C = O in humin were necessary conditions for the production of ·OH, while the presence of C = C in biochar promoted the generation of ·OH. Using graphene and carbon nanotubes both rich in C = C groups as the model compounds, humin-graphene and humin-carbon nanotubes produced ·OH at 122 μM and 98.8 μM, respectively, significantly higher than those generated by humin alone (43.1 μM). This result confirmed the promoting effect of aromatic C = C bonds on ·OH generation. By contrast, when the biochar mass was greater than or equal to that of humin, ·OH generation was inhibited due to the significant reduction of C = O. In this case, environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) in biochar were the primary structures responsible for ·OH production. This study provides comprehensive insights for the first time into the influence of biochar on ·OH generation by humin and offers a new potential method for the green and efficient removal of pollutants.
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10. 题目: Regulating N-doped biochar with Fe-Mo heterojunctions as cathode in long-life zinc-air battery

文章编号: N24110807
期刊: Chemical Engineering Journal
作者: Xiao-ru Meng, Shuai Gao, Nianxi Liu, Pei-dong Wu, Zhen Fang
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Carbonaceous electrode loaded nano Mo₂C-Fe₃N@NCF was synthesized by solvothermal and pyrolysis from soybean straw for high-performance zinc-air batteries (ZABs). The empowered ZAB achieved 1.51 V open-circuit voltage, 88.40 mW cm⁻² power density and over 1150 h cycle life. Density functional theory analysis indicates that charge transfer from Mo₂C-Fe₃N heterogeneous structure to N-doped biochar can significantly reduce the reaction barrier for oxygen reduction/evolution reactions, enhancing the adsorption of oxygen intermediates. Cellulose-derived carbon provides a large specific surface area, and N-doping enhances the conductivity of the resultant biochar, which both play a crucial role in the efficient loading of Fe and Mo active sites. This work inspires the design and application of interfacial engineering on low-cost biochar carriers.
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11. 题目: Effects of biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatite on cadmium availability and pepper growth in contaminated soils

文章编号: N24110806
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Lichun Wu, Xiuyuan Yang, Fudong Zhang, Zhenming Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: The remediation of cadmium (Cd)-contaminated soil using biochar (BC) derived from agricultural and forestry waste has gained significant attention due to its ability to convert active soil Cd components to stable forms, reduce bioavailability, decrease Cd absorption by pepper plants, and enhance the nutritional benefits of soil. However, there is limited research on the effects of different passivating agents on soil Cd during various growth stages (seedling, flowering, and maturity) of peppers. In this study, we investigated the cyclic changes in soil physicochemical properties, Cd chemical forms, and their effects on pepper growth by applying different biochar-supported nano-hydroxyapatite. Our results revealed a decreasing trend in the physical and chemical indicators of soil during the flowering stage, following an initial peak. Notably, in the mature stage, the application of nBC3 at an 11 % mass ratio significantly reduced soil Cd content by 57.6 % and fixed it by 77 %. This treatment also increased soil Cd by 48.1 % compared with the control (CK, without any treatment) and reduced its accumulation in the pepper plant by 36.6 %. pH, organic matter, and phosphorus were identified as the main factors influencing Cd fixation in the soil. These findings showed that the in situ application of nBC3 composite material throughout the entire cultivation cycle effectively remediated Cd-contaminated soil and enhanced the quality of agricultural products. This study provides valuable insights into the effects of passivating agents on soil Cd dynamics and offers a theoretical basis for practical remediation strategies.
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12. 题目: Spatial variations of nutrient and trace metal concentrations in macroalgae across blue carbon habitats of the Saudi Arabian Red Sea

文章编号: N24110805
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Chunzhi Cai, Andrea Anton, Carlos M Duarte, Susana Agusti
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Macroalgae play a crucial role in blue carbon ecosystems, yet their elemental compositions in the Red Sea are not well documented. This study examined the concentrations of 22 elements in 161 macroalgae blade samples from 19 species (5 unidentified) across 3 phyla in the Saudi Arabian Red Sea. Macroalgae blades collected from coral reef habitats exhibited higher concentrations of K, As, and Sr compared to those from seagrass meadows, but had lower levels of total nitrogen (TN), Na, Mg, Al, P, S, Cr, Mn, Fe, and Zn. These differences may be attributed to the limited or absent sediment in coral reef habitats, as sediment in seagrass meadows acts as a trap for heavy metals, influencing element accumulation. In the Southern Red Sea, macroalgae blades showed lower Sr levels but higher total organic carbon (TOC), TN, P, and Cd than those in the North, a trend influenced by nutrient inflows from the Indian Ocean and the semi-enclosed structure of the Red Sea. The study found that macroalgae blades had lower mean TOC and TN content than seagrass and mangrove leaves from the same research cruises but higher levels of Al, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Mo, Cd, and Pb. Among the surveyed red, green, and brown macroalgae blades, Halymenia sp., Caulerpa taxifolia, and Dictyota sp. had the highest TOC, TN, and P contents, while Amphiroa fragilissima, Udotea flabellum, and Padina sp. had higher trace metal contents. Notably, some macroalgae blades, including red macroalgae A. fragilissima, green macroalgae Halimeda tuna, U. flabellum, and brown macroalgae Padina pavonica, Turbinaria ornata, collected from Al Birk, Al Lith, Thuwal, Yanbu, and Al Wajh exhibited concerning levels of Cr (~10.9 mg kg⁻¹) and Ni (~27.2 mg kg⁻¹), surpassing toxicity thresholds. These findings emphasize the urgent need for effective pollution mitigation measures to protect these marine ecosystems.
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13. 题目: The accumulation and inhibition mechanism of extracellular polymeric substances of Chlorella vulgaris during cycling cultivation under different light qualities.

文章编号: N24110804
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Yufei Zhang, Sihan Ai, Xue Chen, Yabin Zhao, Yuxuan Zhang, Chenxi Wu, Chen Ma, Zhihong Tang, Daoyong Yu, Chaonan Yao, Baosheng Ge
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: The secretion, accumulation, and composition of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are pivotal factors influencing microalgal growth as well as wastewater recycling. Until now, the accumulation and inhibition mechanism of EPS of Chlorella vulgaris during cycling cultivation is not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to explore how different light qualities regulate the secretion, chemical composition, and structure of microalgal EPS, and subsequently influence the recycling of culture wastewater. After four cycles of cultivation, C. vulgaris under green light produced the highest EPS production and lowest biomass production, which were 82% higher and 17% lower, respectively, compared to white light, which yielded the least EPS production and the highest biomass production. EPS under different light qualities all exhibited a fibrillar structure with a sheet-like surface, but differed in composition. Compared with the other groups, EPS under green light showed a significant increase in polysaccharides, proteins, and humic acid-like compounds, as well as an increased proportion of arabinose and rhamnose, according to monosaccharide composition analysis. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the up-regulation of metabolic pathways linked to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, TCA cycle, lipid synthesis, and ABC transporters promoted EPS accumulation. Additionally, EPS could target light-harvesting complex (LHC) and electron transport chain, down-regulating the photosynthetic pathway, which ultimately inhibited microalgal growth under green light. This study provides a theoretical foundation for the light regulation and circulation culture of microalgae, as well as for microalgal wastewater treatment.
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14. 题目: Biochar amendment affects the fate of phthalic acid esters in the soil-vegetable system.

文章编号: N24110803
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Artur Sokołowski, Michał P Dybowski, Patryk Oleszczuk, Yanzheng Gao, Bożena Czech
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Phthalates, e.g., esters of phthalic acid (PAEs), when used as plasticizers due to weak physical bonding with polymer matrix favoring leaching, are widely noted in the environment. Their confirmed toxicity to plants and animals implies that their fate should be monitored in the environment, especially when considering the interaction between soil and vegetables. Removal of PAEs from the environment or limiting their bioavailability is a key point in reducing their harmful effects. In the present paper, the fate of six PAEs in the biochar-amended soil during the cultivation of two popular vegetables, lettuce, and radish, was estimated. High bioaccumulation in the soil was noted with the biochar obtained from residues from biogas production being up to 15% higher than in the case of the other biochar and up to 10 times higher than in plants due to increased basic character of biochar. This biochar reduced the bioavailability of DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate), BBP (butyl benzyl phthalate), and DNOP (di-n-octyl phthalate) in radish roots and DBP in lettuce leaves. However, PAEs significantly increased the fresh mass of radish and slightly increased the mass of lettuce. All six tested PAEs in both plants reached higher concentrations in the leaves (up to two orders of magnitude) than in the roots. Additionally, PAEs were present in two times higher concentrations in the lettuce than in the radish. The biochar aromaticity, porosity, and the presence of organic carbon and inorganics (ash) affect the fate of tested pollutants depending on the tested plant and compound.
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15. 题目: Enhanced remediation of acetochlor-contaminated soils using phosphate-modified biochar: Impacts on environmental fate, microbial communities, and plant health.

文章编号: N24110802
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Wei Wang, Haojie Shi, Xingang Liu, Liangang Mao, Lan Zhang, Lizhen Zhu, Chi Wu, Wenzhu Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Given that acetochlor (ACT) persists in soil for extended periods, disrupting microbial community structure and causing phytotoxicity to sensitive crops, this study investigated the potential of phosphate-modified biochar (PBC-800) to remediate ACT-contaminated soil. Incorporating 0.5 % PBC-800 into fluvo-aquic, red, and black soils increased their adsorption capacities by 80.4 mg g-1, 76.6 mg g-1, and 76.0 mg g-1, respectively. Even after six months of aging, the Kf values remained 1.6 to 5.1 times higher than in untreated soils. PBC-800 also accelerated ACT degradation across all three soil types, reducing residual ACT levels by 34.3 % to 76.4 % after 60 days, and shortening the degradation half-life by 5 to 7 days. High-throughput sequencing revealed that ACT reduced soil microbial diversity and disrupted community structure, while 0.5 % PBC-800 amendments promoted the growth of degradation-capable genera such as Rhodococcus, Lysobacter, and Gemmatimonas, enhancing microbial ecosystem stability. Furthermore, the amendment of soil with 0.5 % PBC-800 reduced ACT residue concentrations in maize and soybeans by 76.5 % to 82.9 %, and restored plant biomass, leaf chlorophyll content, and mesophyll cell ultrastructure to levels comparable to the control. Therefore, amending ACT-contaminated soil with PBC-800 mitigates ecological and environmental risks, boosts microbial activity, and safeguards plant health.
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16. 题目: Icelandic glacial dissolved organic carbon fluxes, composition and variability - relevance for the global glacial carbon budget.

文章编号: N24110801
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Peter Chifflard, Kyle S Boodoo, Lukas Ditzel, Martin Reiss, Christina Fasching
更新时间: 2024-11-08
摘要: Despite their relatively large size, organic carbon (OC) fluxes from Icelandic glaciers have not been explicitly considered in current global glacial OC flux calculations. Most global glacial OC estimates are based on limited individual flux estimates, which show considerable spatial differences, are often based on melt season fluxes, and rarely account for seasonal and diurnal variability of glacial dissolved organic matter (DOM). Using an annual dataset of 25 Icelandic glaciers (and their glacial streams) we investigate DOM concentration and composition, calculating an estimate for downstream OC fluxes from Icelandic glaciers, considering diurnal and seasonal variability. DOM source and composition distinctly changed from a terrestrial character toward a more proteinaceous character as melt increased, both on a seasonal and diurnal basis, likely reflecting the flow path of the meltwater. While DOC concentration did not change on a diurnal basis, DOM composition was more labile in the afternoons, possibly indicating photochemical or biological transformation processes. Overall, the glacial streams predominantly acted as CO2 sinks. However, higher DOC concentrations, along with contributions of more proteinaceous DOM in proglacial streams, led to a decrease in the uptake potential for CO2. Finally, we estimated an export flux of 0.0026 ± 0.0029 Gg C yr-1 km-2 of DOC, and 0.011 ± 0.007 Tg C yr-1 km-2 of POC, from Icelandic glaciers. We reveal larger than previously assumed DOC and POC fluxes from Icelandic glaciers, with higher-than-global-average areal fluxes (~3 % and 9 % of global glacial C flux respectively). Our findings underscore the importance of revising current global estimates to include the not-fully-accounted-for contribution of Icelandic, and other glaciers. This is particularly important considering ongoing climatic changes will likely affect glacial meltwater discharge and sources, leading to altered DOM composition and DOC concentration, having potentially considerable consequences for glacial OC export and CO2 uptake potentials of glacial streams.
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