24年10月29日文献情报（3篇）

24年10月29日文献情报

1. 题目: New insights into the prediction for the potential of soil organic carbon accumulation: From the perspective of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics.

文章编号: N24102903
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Chenglong Liang, Yanan Ding, Zuozheng Xu, Yuxuan Jiang, Peilin Huang, Yanfeng Shi, Lizhe Liu
更新时间: 2024-10-29
摘要: The accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) is significant for soil health and ecosystem services. Numerous studies have assessed the dynamic changes of SOC by considering the microbial system as an equilibrium system. However, they failed to reveal the complexity of the SOC accumulation/loss process, as the microbial system is a non-equilibrium system affected by stochastic fluctuations from the external environment. This study is the first to explore the complex non-equilibrium relationship between microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) and SOC by using potential landscape and flux in non-equilibrium statistical mechanics. Nitrogen (N) was identified as the most critical environmental factor influencing CUE on a global scale, with the transition between the carbon loss state and the carbon sequestration state observed along N gradients. Random perturbations of other environmental factors could also trigger transition. Non-equilibrium thermodynamic quantities indicated that carbon sequestration had the potential to be achieved when N = 0.5 g/kg, where active soil management measures should be taken. Furthermore, the non-equilibrium relationship between CUE and SOC was clarified through potential energy analysis, where the average deviation between predictions and actual observations of SOC is about 1.9792 g/kg. This study provides an effective framework for predicting SOC accumulation.
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2. 题目: Straw and Biochar Amendments Over a Decade Differently Modulates Denitrification Gas Products

文章编号: N24102902
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Quan Tang, Wenxia Dai, Jiacheng Niu, Jing Wang, Weiqin Yin, Xiaoyuan Yan, Yuji Jiang, Yi Cheng, Shengsen Wang, Xiaozhi Wang
更新时间: 2024-10-29
摘要:

Straw return is a sustainable agricultural strategy aimed at raising soil organic carbon (SOC), but tends to stimulate nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, potentially counteracting gains in SOC sequestration. Nevertheless, knowledge gaps remain on how long-term different forms of straw incorporation (direct straw return or pyrolyzed to biochar) affect N₂O production and reduction, and interactions with associated key nitrogen (N)-cycling microbial communities. Here, the emission rates and proportions of N₂O and N₂ emissions were quantified using a 13-year field trial with sequential incorporation of straw or straw-derived biochar, and interactions with key functional genes were assessed by metagenomic sequencing. Results revealed that incorporation of straw and biochar increased N₂O emission rates by 2.55 and 0.54 folds, while that of N₂ by 6.41 and 9.77 folds, respectively, compared with conventional fertilization. Correspondingly, the N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios were reduced by 10.75% and 39.74% with straw and biochar treatments. Higher N₂O emissions with straw incorporation were primarily driven by concurrent increase in labile C and N sources with nitrate and nitrite reducers (narG, narH, nirK, nirS, norB) outweighing the N₂O reducer (nosZ). In contrast, biochar incorporation decreased nitrate levels, increased electron conductivity and the N₂O reducer (nosZ), which accelerated N₂ emissions and reduced the N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratio. Moreover, reduced N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios were closely associated with altered denitrifier communities, with genera belonging to Acidobacteriota being the key contributors to biochar incorporation, and Pseudomonadota being the dominant contributors to straw. Overall, biochar incorporation was more efficient in reducing global warming potential and increasing SOC sequestration, as evidenced by lower N₂O/(N₂O + N₂) ratios and higher SOC levels. This work provides valuable insights designing net-zero C strategies towards sustainable agricultural C sequestration and greenhouse gas mitigation to address the challenges posed by global climate change.

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3. 题目: Long-term carbon storage in shelf sea sediments reduced by intensive bottom trawling

文章编号: N24102901
期刊: Nature Geoscience
作者: Wenyan Zhang, Lucas Porz, Rümeysa Yilmaz, Klaus Wallmann, Timo Spiegel, Andreas Neumann, Moritz Holtappels, Sabine Kasten, Jannis Kuhlmann, Nadja Ziebarth, Bettina Taylor, Ha Thi Minh Ho-Hagemann, Frank-Detlef Bockelmann, Ute Daewel, Lea Bernhardt, Corinna Schrum
更新时间: 2024-10-29
摘要:

Bottom trawling represents the most widespread anthropogenic physical disturbance to seafloor sediments on continental shelves. While trawling-induced changes to benthic ecology have been widely recognized, the impacts on long-term organic carbon storage in marine sediments remains uncertain. Here we combined datasets of sediment and bottom trawling for a heavily trawled region, the North Sea, to explore their potential mutual dependency. A pattern emerges when comparing the surface sediment organic carbon-to-mud ratio with the trawling intensity represented by the multi-year averaged swept area ratio. The organic carbon-to-mud ratio exhibits a systematic response to trawling where the swept area ratio is larger than 1 yr⁻¹. Three-dimensional physical–biogeochemical simulation results suggest that the observed pattern is attributed to the correlated dynamics of mud and organic carbon during transport and redeposition in response to trawling. Both gain and loss of sedimentary organic carbon may occur in weakly trawled areas, whereas a net reduction of sedimentary organic carbon is found in intensely trawled grounds. Cessation of trawling allows restoration of sedimentary carbon stock and benthic biomass, but their recovery occurs at different timescales. Our results point out a need for management of intensely trawled grounds to enhance the CO₂ sequestration capacity in shelf seas.

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