24年11月7日文献情报（19篇）

24年11月7日文献情报

1. 题目: Enhanced removal of fluoride ions using lanthanum-doped coconut shell biochar in PVDF ultrafiltration membranes

文章编号: N24110719
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Wenjing Xue, Feifei Zhang, Wande Ding, Kefeng Zhang, Qianwen Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Fluoride contamination in surface and ground water poses significant health risks, necessitating a low-energy, cost-effective removal method. Herein, an ultrafiltration (UF) adsorptive membrane doped with lanthanum (La)-based coconut shell biochar was synthesized to effectively remove fluoride ions. Based on the results of adsorption and membrane separation performance, it was found that La-based biochar showed a significantly higher adsorption capacity (126.7 mg F/g) compared to bare biochar (27.41 mg F/g), due to the oxygen-containing functional groups from La₂O₂CO₃ that enhance binding sites and electrostatic attraction for fluoride ions. Furthermore, the addition of La-modified adsorbent to the Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) UF membrane markedly altered its structure and surface properties, changing the pore structure to porous, narrowing pore size, increasing active adsorption sites, and improving hydrophilicity. These changes boosted fluoride ion rejection from 9.53% to 62.07% with tiny effect on membrane permeability. More important, this UF adsorptive membrane exhibited excellent antifouling ability with the lowest flux decline (J/J₀=0.450) compared to pristine PVDF membrane (J/J₀=0.142), which was owing to the better improved surface properties. In all, this study provides a novel strategy for efficient, economic and selective separation of fluoride ions and further extends the application of UF to the field of ion removal.
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2. 题目: Rice husk biochar resuscitates the microecological functions of heavy–metal contaminated soil after washing by enriching functional bacteria

文章编号: N24110718
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Guiyin Wang, Qing Geng, Longfei Xu, Xia Li, Xiaomei Pan, Jinjie Zheng, Ruiqi He, Mingdong He, Xiaoxun Xu, Shirong Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Biochar has great potential for simultaneously improving soil ecological functions and eliminating environmental pollutants. However, studies on this strategy in the restoration of ecological functions in chelator–washed soil are lacking, and the effect of biochar on the structure, functions, and microbial interactions of washed soil microbiomes are unclear. Hence, the effect of rice husk biochar (RHB, 2%) on the physicochemical properties, heavy metal fractions, and microbial community structure of glutamate–N, N–diacetic acid (GLDA)– and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)– washed remediated soil were investigated. Results showed that the RHB addition restored the washed soil physical structure (pores and agglomerates) and meanwhile, the soil colloidal sheet sweeps increased by 20.49 and 102.07% in the z–axis, respectively. Additionally, RHB significantly increased washed soil pH (P<0.05) and alkaline phosphatase and urease activities, while decreased acid phosphatase and glucosidase activities. The Observed_–species and Shannon index were significantly higher in soil treated by RHB combined with GLDA and EDTA than those treated with GLDA and EDTA alone (P<0.05). GLDA washing coupled RHB treatment enriched key bacterial groups such as MND1, Chelativorans, and Ellin6067, while EDTA washing coupled RHB treatment enriched Sreroidobacter, Micromonospora, and Reyranella, that both related to C–, N–, and P– cycles. Importantly, RHB addition could enrich functional bacteria by increasing bacterial resistance, including glucose metabolic homeostasis and metal ion resistance. The observed enrichment of functional bacteria provided evidence for the enhancement of soil nutrient cycles, indicative of improved soil functions by combination of chelator washing and biochar amended.
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3. 题目: Nitrogen addition promotes soil organic phosphorus accumulation through increasing microbial biomass phosphorus in a temperate forest

文章编号: N24110717
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Zhijie Chen, Yutong Xiao, Xiongde Dong, Zihao Deng, Xueya Zhou, Guoyong Yan, Junhui Zhang, Shijie Han
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要:

Background and aim

Global nitrogen (N) deposition has been proposed to enhance phosphorus (P) limitation in various terrestrial ecosystems. The impact of N addition on soil P transformation, considering both microbial and abiotic properties, is not well understood.

Methods

In this study, the experiment with three levels of N addition (0 (N0, no fertilizer), 25 (N25) and 50 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (N50)) was implemented in a temperate broad-leaved forest to assess the long-term (12 years) effects of N addition on soil P fractions associated with soil properties, iron, aluminum, calcium, phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs), and enzyme activities.

Results

The results indicated a significant decrease in labile P, despite of a significant increase of approximately 54.0% in available P under N addition (N50). In contrast, the moderately labile P significantly increased under N addition treatment because of the increase in organic P in less labile fractions. The redundancy analysis and mantel-test found soil pH and MBP contributed to the variation of soil P fractions. The results of structural equation model confirmed that the microbial biomass P play a key role in the transformation of soil available P into moderately and occluded P fractions.

Conclusion

These results suggested that the long-term addition of N decreased soil labile P and increased moderate and occluded P fractions through increasing microbial P use efficiency with increased MBP, leading to the enhancement of soil P limitation in the broad-leaved temperate forest.

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4. 题目: Insight into the dynamics of protected and non-protected carbon pools in four soils with different land uses

文章编号: N24110716
期刊: Plant and Soil
作者: Tibor Filep, Dóra Zacháry, Andrea Balláné Kovács, Csilla Király, Áron Béni, Gergely Jakab, Evelin Kármen Juhász, Zoltán Szalai
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要:

Background and aims

To provide insight into the patterns of soil organic matter decomposition, changes in the quantity of biopolymers and the correlation between them were followed using 2D correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) FTIR.

Methods

Soil organic matter fractions with different vegetation/land use (grass, spruce, oak and arable) were examined in a 1-year laboratory incubation. The non-protected organic matter fraction was calculated in terms of particulate organic matter (POM), the carbon stabilized in aggregates as S + A (sand + aggregates), and the mineral-associated organic matter (MAOM) as the s + c (silt and clay) fraction.

Results

Forest soils (spruce, oak) exhibited high C and N accumulation in the POM fraction (48, 43% and 29, 22% for spruce and oak, respectively) due to the limited decomposition, caused by low pH and high soil C/N ratio. The 2DCOS analysis revealed that carbohydrate-protein and carbohydrate-lignin correlations could be observed most frequently during incubation. The carbohydrate-protein correlation was negative in all cases, for all fractions and for all vegetation types, which suggests biogeochemical linkage between these biopolymers. The temporal order of the spectral changes was widely varied for the vegetation types and especially for the SOM fractions. Lipid/Lignin → Carbohydrate or Lipid → Lignin/Carboxyl/Protein sequences were found for the protected carbon pools (S + A and s + c), possibly because of the readily available abundant N compounds present in MAOM.

Conclusion

Although lipids and lignin are considered as chemically stable materials that commonly remain constant during decomposition, these compounds were found to be very susceptible in all the fractions.

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5. 题目: Key Process of Ethanol Hydrogen Donor Promoting the Conversion of Organic Matter in Sludge to Bio-Oil

文章编号: N24110715
期刊: Water Research
作者: Quxiu Dai, Linglong Zeng, Qihong Cen, Wang Du, Ping Ning, Kai Li, Zhiying Guo, Ran Ao, Longgui Xie, Nanqi Ren, Liping Ma, Jie Yang, Guocai Tian, Xin Sun
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: To develop clean energy utilization of sewage sludge, this study investigated the conversion behavior of organics and energy in supercritical sludge-ethanol system. The influence of liquefied parameters on products distribution, hydrogen supply process of ethanol for sludge liquefaction, migration of organics, and energy transformation were investigated. Results indicated that ethanol acted as both a solvent and a hydrogen donor. It providing H⋅ to promote organics dissociation for bio-oil production through radical reactions. Formation of new products in bio-oil such as C₂₀H₃₈O₂ and C₂₀H₃₈O₂ may be caused by H⋅ generated from -OH and -CH in ethanol. The increase in dodecanes and hexadecanes in bio-oil may be formed by recombination of smaller radicals such as HO·, H·, CH₃⋅, CH₃CH₂⋅ from dissociation of ethanol and organics. Additionally, energy migration process indicated that higher temperatures increased carbon content in bio-oil from 40.88 to 48.92%, decreased oxygen content from 48.6 to 39.56%, and raised the calorific value of bio-oil from 29.63 to 30.11 MJ/kg. Besides, approximately 74.14% of sludge energy transferred to bio-oil, while about 71.94% of oxygen moved to bio-char, reducing the calorific value of bio-char to 0.03 MJ/kg. Notably, about 240.5kg of bio-oil can be produced from 1t of sludge, reducing net carbon emissions by 43.583kg, and presenting a sustainable alternative to fossil fuels. This study innovatively investigated the dual role of ethanol for sludge liquefaction, providing an efficient and sustainable method for energy recovery from sludge.
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6. 题目: Assessment of Cerium Adsorption Potential of Phosphoric acid Activated Biochar in Aqueous System: Modelling and Mechanistic Insights

文章编号: N24110714
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Jeevanantham Sathasivam, Prasanna Venkatesh Rajaraman, Selvaraju Narayanasamy
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Cerium pollution in waterbodies by improper industrial waste disposal is a major concern due to its detrimental impacts on the environment. Therefore, treatment of cerium-contaminated water is inevitable. Hence, this study is focused on the remediation of cerium pollution using phosphoric acid-activated biochar (PPMB) as an adsorbent, synthesized upon pyrolytic activation of palmyra palm male flower-based pristine biochar (PMFB) with H₃PO₄ at 500°C. The physico-chemical surface properties of PMFB and PPMB were evaluated through various microscopic and spectroscopic analyses. The key parameters such as biochar dosage, pH, temperature, contact time and initial cerium concentration were optimized as 0.5 g/L, 5.0, 303 K, 180 min and 50 mg/L respectively via batch adsorption. Pseudo-second order kinetic and Toth isotherm are the best-fitted models. The thermodynamic parameters including ΔG^◦ (-30.4707±0.7618 kJ/mol at 303 K), ΔH^◦ (16.1499±0.78 kJ/mol), and ΔS^◦ (153.617±3.8404 J/mol/K) conveying that cerium adsorption onto PPMB was spontaneous, endothermic, and highly disordered at PPMB-bulk adsorption medium interface. Precipitation, electrostatic attraction, and surface complexation are predicted to be the predominant mechanisms for the chosen PPMB-cerium adsorption system. Moreover, cerium phytotoxicity on Vigna radiata explains the real-time applicability and feasibility of cerium adsorption using PPMB. Thus, the key findings of this study specified that the higher adsorption capacity of PPMB (141.3484±6.9856 mg/g) contributed by the incorporated phosphate groups, predominant mesoporosity, SSA_BET of 230.559 m²/g and anionic surface at a wider pH range (pH>3.08) make PPMB as efficient, economically feasible and environmentally friendly adsorbent for cerium adsorption in aqueous system.
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7. 题目: Photodegradation of clofibric acid in urban, town, and rural waters: important roles of dissolved organic matter composition

文章编号: N24110713
期刊: Frontiers in Environmental Science
作者: Jingting Chen, Hairong Wen, Chunlei Yu, Yuxuan Yin, Yidi Zhang, Hongbin Wang, Ying Huang, Kan Wang
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Natural photolysis was the primary pathway for the transformation of pharmaceutical contaminants in surface water, whereas it could be easily influenced by dissolved organic matter (DOM). This study examined the complex effects of DOM on clofibric acid (CA) photodegradation in urban, town, and rural waters. Our results indicated rural water was the most conducive to CA photolysis followed by town water, then urban water. Quenching experiments revealed humic acid (HA) influenced the direct photolysis of CA mainly through two physical ways: internal filtering and active site competition. Reactive oxygen species were identified to be the main reason for CA photodegradation with fulvic acid (FA) or tyrosine (Tyr) involved, including hydroxyl radicals (OH^•), singlet oxygen (¹O₂), and excited triplet DOM (³DOM^*). We found that hydroxyl radical oxidation, C-O bond breaking, dechlorination, and rechlorination occurred in CA photolysis. Comparative eco-toxicity results showed that the toxicity of products during the CA natural photodegradation process with DOM involved was higher than CA itself, especially in urban waters. This finding emphasized the potential ecological risk of direct CA discharges in natural water and the need to develop risk management strategies that were critical to the health and sustainability of ecosystems.
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8. 题目: Hierarchically-porous resin for the adsorption of organic matter in raffinate produced by solvent extraction from the vanadium industry

文章编号: N24110712
期刊: Separation and Purification Technology
作者: Ling Yuan, Changqing Wang, Hailun Yang, Pengge Ning, Hongbin Cao
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Solvent extraction wastewater contains high concentrations of organic pollutants and metal ions, making it difficult to treat. This paper presents a method of using hierarchically-porous adsorption resin to recover organics from raffinate and regenerate the resin, addressing secondary pollution in extraction processes. The chosen resin, WS6108, removes over 95 % of organics from raffinate, with high metal ion concentrations enhancing its adsorption efficiency. The article conducted an optimization experiment and mechanism study on WS6108 resin for adsorbing organic matter in vanadium raffinate (OIVR), followed by desorption and recycling tests. Results showed WS6108 resin achieved a 96.7 % adsorption efficiency at a solid–liquid ratio of 24 g/L after optimization. The chosen methanol desorbent achieves over 99 % desorption efficiency for the WS6108 cycle under specific conditions. The resin’s performance remains stable for up to 45 cycles. Adsorption isotherms and kinetic experiments indicate that OIVR adsorption by WS6108 resin is endothermic, non-spontaneous and entropy increasing. Moreover, the adsorption kinetics of OIVR by WS6108 resin followed a pseudo-second-order model, based on the activation energy, liquid film diffusion was considered the main rate-controlling step. A column experiment was conducted to verify that WS6108 resin can be used in real vanadium raffinate to remove organics. Density functional theory (DFT) revealed that strong hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking and excellent adsorption diffusion behavior drive OIVR adsorption. This study aims to increase the use of adsorption to treat oily wastewater generated by solvent extraction.
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9. 题目: Effects of the combined use of lanthanum carbonate and activated carbon capping materials on phosphorus and dissolved organic matter in lake sediments

文章编号: N24110711
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Chenjun Yang, Qi Li, Xiang Chen, Minjuan Li, Xiangyu He, Gaoxiang Li, Yichun Shao, Jingwei Wu
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Lanthanum carbonate (LC) represents a novel material for the immobilization of internal phosphorus (P) in sediments. Activated carbon (AC) is a traditional adsorbent that has been employed in the remediation of sediments on a wide scale. The objective of this study is to examine the mechanisms and effects of the combined use of LC and AC capping materials on the immobilization of P and dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediments, through a 90-day incubation experiment. The results of isotherm experiments showed that the adsorption mechanism of P on LC and AC was mainly chemisorption. The XPS analyses showed the adsorption mechanism of P on LC was mainly ligand exchange and inner-sphere complexation; while the adsorption mechanism of P on AC was mainly ligand exchange and electrostatic adsorption. The results demonstrated that the concentrations of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and DOM in the 0 to −100 mm sediment layer were reduced by 69.79% and 33.93%, respectively, in comparison to the control group with the LC + AC group. Moreover, the HCl-P and Res-P (stable P) in the 0–5 cm sediment layer were increased by 50.07% and 21.04%, respectively, in the LC + AC group. This indicates that the combined application of LC and AC has the potential to reduce the risk of P release. Furthermore, the formation of Fe(III)/Mn(IV) oxyhydroxides by LC + AC treatment resulted in an increased adsorption of SRP and DOM. Moreover, the effect of LC + AC capping on microbial community was smaller than that of LC/AC capping alone. The findings of this study indicated that the combined use of LC and AC represents a novel approach to the effective treatment of internal P and DOM in eutrophic lake sediments.
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10. 题目: Remediation of biochar-supported effective microorganisms and microplastics on multiple forms of nitrogenous and phosphorous in eutrophic lake

文章编号: N24110710
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Siqun Tang, Jilai Gong, Biao Song, Juan Li, Weicheng Cao, Jun Zhao
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Lots of studies on eutrophication, but there is a lack of comprehensive research on the repair of multiple forms of nitrogen and phosphorus under combined heavy metals (HMs) pollution. This work investigated the various forms of nitrogen and phosphorus in the water-sediment systems of eutrophic lakes with the application of biochar, Effective Microorganisms (EMs) and microplastics, aiming to deliberate the repair behavior of multiple forms of nitrogen/phosphorus and the integrated repairment of these nutrients and HMs in different remediations. For amended-groups, the application of biochar-supported EMs (BE) achieved the most desirable remediation for removing nitrogen, phosphorus and HMs in water and improved their stability in sediment due to the improved microbial activity and the developed biofilm system created by biochar. The addition of aging microplastics (MP) obviously reduced the systematic levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and HMs due to the stimulation of microbial activity and the adsorption of biofilm/EPS, but its high movability also increased the Fe(II) and S(-II) levels and the pollutants' ecological risks in sediment. The co-application of BE and MP (MBE) destroyed the ecosystem and decreased the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, while greatly removing HMs by the superfluous biofilms/EPS. The application of biochar (BC) preferentially adsorbed and degraded dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus, releasing HMs into water. From these amended-groups, it's also knew that the removal of nitrogen and phosphorus mainly came from the degradation/assimilation of NH₃-N, SRP and dissolved matters, particularly those molecular weight below 3 kDa; the higher removal of phosphorus than nitrogen was attributed to the coprecipitation of Fe-S-P hydroxides and the adsorption of particulates; however, the colloidal (3–100 kDa) nitrogen and phosphorus had low accessibility and bioavailability, and it also showed the competitive adsorption with colloidal HMs, causing their relatively low removal in water. This study provides insight into the comprehensive repair of nitrogen, phosphorus and HMs in various forms by biochar-immobilized microbes and the influence of microplastics on nutrients and HMs in eutrophic lakes.
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11. 题目: Effects of nanoplastics on the growth, transcription, and metabolism of rice (Oryza sativa L.) and synergistic effects in the presence of iron plaque and humic acid

文章编号: N24110709
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Xiaoxue Ouyang, Jie Ma, Bingcong Feng, Yong Liu, Ping Yin, Xiaoyu Zhang, Pan Li, Qiusheng Chen, Yujie Zhao, Liping Weng, Yongtao Li
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Nanoplastics (NPs) can adversely affect living organisms. However, the uptake of NPs by plants and the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying NP-mediated plant growth remain unclear, particularly in the presence of iron minerals and humic acid (HA). In this study, we investigated NP accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the physiological effects of exposure to polystyrene NPs (0, 20, and 100 mg L⁻¹) in the presence of iron plaque (IP) and HA. NPs were absorbed on the root surface and entered cells, and confocal laser scanning microscopy confirmed NP uptake by the roots. NP treatments decreased root superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity (28.9–44.0%) and protein contents (31.2–38.6%). IP and HA (5 and 20 mg L⁻¹) decreased the root protein content (20.44–58.3% and 44.2–45.2%, respectively) and increased the root lignin content (22.3–27.5% and 19.2–29.6%, respectively) under NP stress. IP inhibited the NP-induced decreasing trend of SOD activity (19.2–29.5%), while HA promoted this trend (48.7–50.3%). Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis (Control, 100NPs, and IP-100NPs-20HA) showed that NPs inhibited arginine biosynthesis, and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolism and activated phenylpropanoid biosynthesis related to lignin. The coexistence of IP and HA had positive effects on the amino acid metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis induced by NPs. Regulation of genes and metabolites involved in nitrogen metabolism and secondary metabolism significantly altered the levels of protein and lignin in rice roots. These findings provide a scientific basis for understanding the environmental risk of NPs under real environmental conditions.
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12. 题目: Iron-bound organic carbon declined after estuarine wetland reclamation into paddy fields

文章编号: N24110708
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Xuyang Liu, Weiqi Wang, Elise Pendall, Yunying Fang
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Iron-bound organic carbon (Fe-OC) is a main pathway for the long-term maintenance of soil organic carbon (SOC), but research on its mechanism is still relatively weak. We investigated the coupling relationships among iron (Fe), carbon (C) and Fe-reducing bacteria (FeRB) in the soil of a reclaimed paddy field in comparison with natural Phragmites australis wetland in the Minjiang River estuary in southeastern China. The results showed that conversion of P. australis wetland to paddy cultivation changed the soil redox process. After reclamation, soil Fe(II), Fe(III), HCl-Fe_t, free iron oxide (Fe_d) and amorphous iron (Fe_o) contents and Fe(III)/Fe(II) decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while the content of complexed iron (Fe_p) increased. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analysis (NMDS) demonstrated variability in FeRB across soil types (r = 0.900, p = 0.001). The lower Fe-OC concentration in soil after wetland reclamation may be the result of Fe reduction by dissimilatory FeRB (e.g., Bacillus, Anaeromyxobacter). On average, both Fe-OC and SOC contents decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while the contribution of Fe-OC to total SOC (f_Fe-OC) increased significantly (p < 0.05), after conversion to paddy cultivation. Structural equation modeling (SEM) showed that SOC, dissolved organic C, and Fe-OC were affected by FeRB and the speciation of Fe. In addition, Fe (III) concentration affected SOC concentration (r = 0.60, p < 0.05) and DOC concentration (r = 0.58, p < 0.05), and Fe_d affected DOC concentration (r = 0.69, p < 0.05). We conclude that after rice field reclamation in estuarine wetlands, Fe-reducing bacteria can mediate iron-bonded organic C decoupling, affecting SOC stabilization.
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13. 题目: Dominant Production of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon by Organic Matter Degradation in a Coastal Lagoon: Evidence from Carbon Isotopes

文章编号: N24110707
期刊: ACS Earth and Space Chemistry
作者: Mohd Danish, Gyana Ranjan Tripathy
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Coastal oceanic settings are biogeochemically active zones and play a dominant role in the global carbon cycle. In this contribution, we have investigated the spatial distribution of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and δ¹³C_DIC along the salinity gradient of a large tropical coastal lagoon (Chilika, India) and major source waters (river, groundwater) to the lagoon for three different (pre-monsoon, monsoon, and post-monsoon) seasons. These data were used to constrain internal cycling and DIC fluxes to the Bay of Bengal. The average [DIC] and δ¹³C_DIC values of the Chilika, although they exhibit significant variation within a season, are found comparable for the pre-monsoon (1.8 ± 0.6 mM; −5 ± 3 ‰), monsoon (1.7 ± 0.4 mM; −4 ± 2 ‰), and post-monsoon (1.9 ± 0.3 mM; −4 ± 3‰) samples. Co-variation between DIC (and δ¹³C_DIC) and salinity during all three seasons deviates from the theoretical mixing line (TML) between river and seawater, indicating nonconservative behavior of DIC in the lagoon. The magnitude of the DIC and δ¹³C_DIC deviations from their corresponding TML points to dominancy of organic matter degradation in causing this nonconservative trend. Additionally, the pre-monsoon samples also show a minor effect of calcite precipitation on the [DIC]. The LOICZ model estimates that the DIC flux from this lagoon to the ocean is higher than that reported for several peninsular Indian rivers, despite their high (378 km³/yr) freshwater influxes to the Bay of Bengal. This disproportionally higher DIC flux is linked to remineralization of organic matter, underscoring its importance in regulating the inorganic carbon cycle of this highly productive coastal system.
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14. 题目: Nitrogen-Doped Porous Biochar via Azotobacter chroococcum-Based Nitrogen Fixation for Improved Volatile Organic Compound Adsorption

文章编号: N24110706
期刊: ACS ES&T Engineering
作者: Fan Yao, Xiaohong Wang, Guangyi Zhao, Weixiao Peng, Wenfu Zhu, Yuqin Wang, Yujun Jiao, Haomin Huang, Daiqi Ye
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Nitrogen doping has been widely used to prepare porous carbon materials for the adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, in the current research, the nitrogen doping process is limited by the raw materials, and it is difficult to achieve simultaneous and precise synergistic regulation of the pore structure, doping quantity, and doping morphology. Inspired by the carbon–nitrogen cycle in nature, the symbiotic community of nitrogen-fixing microorganisms is an important functional group to regulate the elemental cycle. In this study, a novel biological nitrogen fixation incorporation doped method was proposed, i.e., Azotobacter chroococcum (A. chroococcum) is cultivated on the surface of the biochar and catalyzes the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) to fixed nitrogen (NH⁴⁺) by nitrogen-fixing enzymes in the body of A. chroococcum, which leads to the formation of bionitrogen and thereby increases the total nitrogen content (0.99%) in the biochar material. The results showed that the content of pyrrole nitrogen in the material was 73.3% and that it possessed a larger specific surface area (1338.21 m²/g) and mesopore (0.499 cm³/g), which greatly improved its adsorption capacity (182.88 mg/g) for ethyl acetate. In addition, in order to elucidate the microscopic adsorption mechanism for enhanced adsorption performance, systematic theoretical calculations of adsorption amount, adsorption energy, and adsorption isotherm were carried out by molecular simulation. This study innovatively achieved green and safe regulation of biomass precursors by nitrogen-fixing bacteria without increasing the nitrogen source and provided a theoretical basis and technical methods to improve the quality and efficiency of the VOC adsorption materials.
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15. 题目: Mobility, Speciation and Bioavailability of Zn and Pb in Artificially Polluted Soils by Magnetic Biochars from Siraitia Grosvenorii Residues

文章编号: N24110705
期刊: Water, Air, & Soil Pollution
作者: Yaolan Niu, Wei Hu, Taiming Shen, Kun Dong
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要:

The effects of magnetic biochar (SMBC) prepared from Siraitia grosvenorii residues on the mobility, speciation and bioavailability of Pb and Zn in the soil were studied. SMBC was characterized by N₂ adsorption–desorption isotherm, Scanning electron microscope, Fourier infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Three different extractions of Pb and Zn by TCLP, CaCl₂ and PBET were used to simulate mobility, availability and bioaccessibility, respectively. SMBC was incubated with contaminated soils at rates of 0, 1, 2.5, and 5.0% by weight for 5 days and 30 days. SMBC was effective for both Zn and Pb immobilization, and the immobilization effect increased with the increase of SMBC dosage. It was observed that there was a slight rebound of TCLP-extractable Pb and CaCl₂-extractable Pb in the SMBC-treated soils after 30 days of incubation. The chemical fractions of Pb and Zn from sequential extractions were used for evaluating mobility and availability. After 30 days of incubation, the chemical species of Pb in the control distributed in the decreasing order of OX (26.5%) > CB (20.99%) > OM (18.52%) > RS (18.02%) > EX (15.95%) and RS (27.35%) > OX (24.88%) > EX (19.95%) > OM (17.42%) > CB (10.38%) for Zn in the soil. Siraitia grosvenorii residues has a broad application prospect in the remediation of heavy metal polluted soil in the future.

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16. 题目: Enhanced Carbon Sequestration of Sustainable Biochar via Metal Salt Regulation: Insight into Reaction Mechanism and Carbon Footprint

文章编号: N24110704
期刊: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
作者: Shaojie Zhou, Qi Wang, Qian Wang, Xiangdong Zhu, Jiajun Fan, James H Clark, Bin Chen, Shurong Wang, Yutao Wang, Shicheng Zhang
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Sustainable biochar can sequester carbon and therefore, mitigate climate change. However, only a small fraction of biomass carbon is retained during biochar synthesis, greatly restricting its carbon-sequestration capacity. A significant boost of the carbon-sequestration potential of biochar has so far been a challenge. This study reveals that when biochar is modified by FeCl₃, its carbon-sequestration capacity is boosted to 247.73% of that of pristine biochar derived at 500 °C. Meanwhile, pristine biochar retains only 43.18% of its biomass carbon, while FeCl₃-modified biochar retains 75.20% of its carbon by forming complexes between the iron salts and the carboxyl- and hydroxyl-rich organic compounds derived from biomass pyrolysis. As react proceeds, the complexes are further converted into ferrites and organic carbon. The resulting minerals provide physical barriers against carbon decomposition, further enhancing the long-term stability of biochar. Life cycle assessment results further show that ferric salt can markedly enhance the greenhouse gas─reduction potential of biomass-to-biochar-to-soil systems. The more cycles from biomass to upgraded biochar, the more potent the carbon-negative effect is. Undoubtedly, such discoveries hold significant implications for accelerating carbon neutrality.
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17. 题目: Anthropogenic land use impacts carbon dynamics in Kolli Hills, Eastern Ghats, India

文章编号: N24110703
期刊: Environmental Earth Sciences
作者: Perumal Deepana, Selvi Duraisamy, Thiyageshwari Subramanium, Rangasamy Anandham, Senthil Alagarswamy, Ramalingam Kumaraperumal, Manimaran Gajendiran, Shanmugam Aravindan, Kavinkumar Subramaniyam
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要:

Biological equilibrium has been disturbed by significant land use changes in recent years in the Eastern Ghats of India, which has worsened soil quality and compromised vital ecosystem services. To determine the effect of changes in land use on the balance of soil carbon, this study was carried out in Kolli hills, a portion of the Eastern Ghats that includes six distinct ecosystems: evergreen forest (EF), deciduous forest (DF), thorn forest (TF), agricultural system (AS), horticultural system (HS), and plantation system (PS). Soil from 40 sites each within six ecosystems at two depths were collected to give a total of 480 soil samples, and the samples were analyzed. The results showed that soil organic carbon, carbon stock, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial biomass nitrogen were more significant in EF > DF > TF and lower in AS. The observed carbon stocks in EF, DF, and TF were 179.96, 146.80 and 128.99 t ha⁻¹, respectively, at 15 cm and decreased at 30 cm. Among the carbon pools, the water-soluble, less labile, very labile, non-labile, labile, and particulate organic carbon were greater in EF and lower in AS. The EF had higher soil microbial biomass, carbon, nitrogen, and dehydrogenase enzyme activity levels than the DF and TF. Finally, it is determined that AS, HS, and PS must immediately implement carbon management measure to restore productivity and ecosystem function.

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18. 题目: Molecular mechanisms of iron nanominerals formation in fungal extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) layers during fungus-mineral interactions

文章编号: N24110702
期刊: Chemosphere
作者: Jian Xiao, ZhiLai Chi, XiaoDan Huang, GuangHui Yu
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which envelop on fungal hyphae surface, interact strongly with minerals and play a crucial role in the formation of nanoscale minerals during biomineralization in nature environments. However, it remains poorly understood about the molecular mechanisms of nanominerals (i.e., iron nanominerals) formation in fungal EPS halos during fungus-mineral interactions. This process is vital because fungi typically grow attached to various mineral surfaces in nature. According to the changes of thickness of the fungal cell and EPS layers during the Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU 4742 and hematite cultivation experiments, we found that fungal biomineralization could trigger the formation of EPS layers. Fe-dominated nanominerals, aromatic C (283-286.1 eV), alkyl C (287.6-288.3 eV), and carboxylic C (288.4-289.1 eV) were the dominant chemical groups on the EPS layers, as determined by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (NanoSIMS), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), and carbon 1s near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Further, evidence from Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra indicated that oxygen vacancy (O_V) was formed on the Fe-dominated nanomineral surface during fungus-mineral interactions, which played an important role in catalyzing H₂O₂ decomposition and HO∗ production. Taken together, the intrinsic peroxidase-like activity by reactive oxygen species (ROS) could modulate the Fe-dominated nanominerals formation in EPS layers to newly form a physical barrier between the cell and the external environments around hyphae, providing novel insights into the effects of ROS-mediated fungal-mineral interactions on fungal nutrient recycling, attenuation of contaminants, and biological control in nature environments.
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19. 题目: Improved volatile fatty acid production in anaerobic digestion via simultaneous temperature regulation and persulfate activation by biochar: Chemical and biological response mechanisms

文章编号: N24110701
期刊: Environmental Research
作者: Zishuai Zhang, Ruijie Zhang, Yanwen Ma, Ying Sun
更新时间: 2024-11-07
摘要: Increasing volatile fatty acid (VFA) production via persulfate activation (i.e., chemical effect) in anaerobic digestion (AD) is an emerging resource utilization method. However, the reaction mechanisms responsible for improving VFA production in AD via simultaneous temperature regulation and persulfate activation by biochar remain unclear. In this study, three PB15 treatment systems of low temperature (15 °C), medium temperature (35 °C) and high temperature (55 °C) were set to explore the relationship between VFAs production and treatment temperature and the influence of temperature on the reaction mechanism. The results show that the improvement of hydrolysis and acidification efficiency of the system in the medium temperature system is the highest. The VFA yield and acid production rate in the treatment group at 35°C were 2.49 and 5.22 times higher than those in the control group, respectively. The chemical effect effectively initiated the anaerobic acid production process and maintained the dominant role of the biological effect. The activity of persulfate is too low at low temperature, and its decomposition is too fast at high temperature. Plenty of free radicals lead to enhanced oxidation of the system, which may kill the fermentation bacteria. The NCM model indicates that microbial stability is reduced in high temperature systems. The SEM model showed that temperature change mainly affected substrate degradation by hydrolytic bacteria and indirectly affected acid production by acid-producing bacteria. This study provides a new strategy for realizing pollutant recycling and increasing VFAs production in cold area.
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