高中基础版·3105期参考答案
（2024年11月19日）
词义猜测
A1
1.征服
2. work well
3. inspire
A2
1.卷入
2.从零开始
A45
1. frightened
2.勇敢面对
3. qualities and abilities
4.冒险
5. make a decision
A6
1. B
2.错误的想法
3. A
B1
WORD LIST
1-e-analyze
2-a-trend
3-d-release
4-b-rewarding
5-c-purchase
WORD STUDY
analyze v.
【一词多义】
a.分析；剖析
b.分析（成分）
①-②b-a
【常用搭配】
分析公司的财务报表
gather and analyze data
【翻译应用】
1. Never try to analyze other people’s feelings.
2. It is very important to analyze the composition of fossils, as scientists can get a lot of useful information from them.
trend n.
【一词多性】
1.v. （地理特征的）走向
2.v. 趋向，倾向
【常用搭配】
紧跟国际潮流
a downward / an upward trend in sales
【翻译应用】
1.China’s economic development has been on an upward trend since 1978.
2. There is a growing trend in the market for cars powered by renewable energy.
release n.
【一词多义】
a.释放；获释
b.公开；发行；发布
c.新发行的东西；（尤指）新激光唱片，新电影
d.解脱；轻松感
e.（化学品、气体等的）释放；排放
①-⑤c-e-d-a-b
【一词多性】
1.v. 释放；放出
2.v. 公开发表，发布（新闻或官方消息）
3.v. 发行
4.v. 松开；放开
5.v. 表达；宣泄
6.v. 排放
7.v. 解除（职务或工作）；解雇
【常用搭配】
松开你抓着她胳膊的手
release sb. from a duty
【翻译应用】
1. The newly developed software is scheduled to be released in April next year.
2.The author has finally released his/her novel, which has aroused great enthusiasm among his/her fans.
rewarding adj.
【一词多义】
a.值得做的；有益的
b.报酬高的
①-②b-a
【常用搭配】
高回报的投资
It’s rewarding for sb. to do sth.
【翻译应用】
1. Stocks can be highly rewarding but also highly risky investments.
2. Reading classic literature is a rewarding habit that can broaden one’s horizons and improve writing skills.
purchase v.
【一词多性】
1.n. 购买
2.n. 购买的东西
【常用搭配】
赊购
purchase tickets in advance
【翻译应用】
1.More and more people are no longer using the plastic bags provided by supermarkets after making a purchase.
2.If you’re not satisfied with your purchase, you can usually return it within seven days without needing to give a reason.
VOCABULARY APPLICATION
I. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms.
1.analyzing
2.analysis
3.trending
4.trends
5.to release
6. will bereleased
7. morerewarding
8. to purchase
II. Complete the sentences with the proper words or phrases from the box. Each word or phrase can be used only once.
1.made a decision
2.bring about
3.caused
4. in the end
5. tends to
6. was known as
7. are more likely to
8. referred to
B2
Read for the main ideas
1.D
2.D
Read on and between the lines
A. Read the article carefully and finish the following exercises.
1.CBA
2. Cold and unpleasant winter days can bring about sadness, while extra-hot days can make people feel angrier.
3. It is much sunnier today than the weather has been recently.
4. People are more likely to gamble and shop when the weather is better than expected.
B. Making inferences
[Try this]
Statement 2:True
Explanation:In paragraph 4, the author writes: “It refers to the mismatch between what’s expected and what actually occurs. When it’s sunnier than expected, people tend to exhibit behavior associated with good moods, like risk-taking.” Therefore, we can infer that people’s expectations have a powerful influence on their behavior.
Statement 3:False
Explanation: In paragraph 7, the author writes: “In the end, if you feel like making a big decision on an unexpectedly sunny day, you should probably wait.” Therefore, we can infer that the advice is to be cautious and not to make significant decisions impulsively just because the weather is nice.
Statement 4:False
Explanation:In paragraph 6, the author writes: “Optimism bias can affect not only whether we gamble but also whether we buy cars or homes.” Therefore, we can infer that while the article provides examples of gambling and car purchases to illustrate the point, it does not state that research is limited to these areas.
ON SUMMARY
Step 1: Plan your draft
1. Research shows that unexpectedly nice weather can cause people to take more risks such as gambling andimpulse purchases.
2. According to “prediction error,” when it’s sunnier than expected, people tend to exhibit behavior associated with good moods, like risk-taking.
3. Releases of dopamine, the “feel good” hormone, happen when something is more rewarding than expected.
4. According to “optimism bias,” people tend to think that positive events are more likely to happen than negative ones.
5. If you feel like making a big decision on an unexpectedly sunny day, you should probably wait as that decision may not be good for you in the long run.
The draft:
Research shows that unexpectedly nice weather can cause people to take more risks such asgambling and impulse purchases. One explanation is “prediction error.” When it’s sunnier than expected, people tend to exhibit behavior associated with good moods, like risk-taking. Releases of dopamine, the “feel good” hormone, happen when something is more rewarding than expected. Another explanation is “optimism bias.” That is to say, people think that positive events are more likely to happen than negative ones. In the end, if you feel like making a big decision on an unexpectedly sunny day, you’re advised to wait because that decision may not be good for you in the long run.
Step 2: Apply writing skills
lUsing synonyms
[Try this]
1. study indicates
2.beyond expectation
3.pleasant
4.lead to
5. long term
[Practice]
1.lead to
2. beyond expectation
lChanging the word class
[Practice]
1. expectation
2. risky
3. explain
4. positively
5. advisable
lAdding unique sentence patterns
1.It’s more likely that people gamble when the weather is better.
2.It’s significant that people realize the effect of weather.
Step 3: Edit your draft
Studies indicate that pleasant weather beyond expectation can lead to riskier behavior, including gambling andimpulse purchases. The theory of “prediction error” explains that unexpected sunny conditions trigger behavior typically associated with good moods, like risk-taking. Additionally, people tend to expect positive outcomes due to “optimism bias.” Therefore, it’s advisable to wait before making important decisions on particularly sunny days. (60 words)
B3
ON READING
Read on and between the lines
1.Read the article and find some basic information.
(1)D
(2) Because he was trying to be cool.
(3)Dave Mirra.
(4) Part I-III:ACB
2.Read the article again and finish the following exercises.
(1)B
(2)Miracle Boy.
(3)He was the first rider to land a double backflip and the first to win three gold medals at a single X-Games.
(4) C
(5)Because his passion for the sport gradually disappeared as he grew older.
(6)The author felt quite sad and then recalled the time when he felt inspired by Dave Mirra’s courage, determination and natural skill.
(7)
The author’s initial attitude towards sports:
lAs a child, the author pretended to love extreme sports to appear cool.
lThe author became a fan of BMX after watching the BMX events on TV for about ten minutes in the summer of 1999.
lThe author became interested in Dave Mirra because his bike was yellow and his name was fun to say.
What made Dave Mirra special to the author:
lDave Mirra’s natural ability, fearlessness and innovation in BMX helped him achieve great success.
lDave Mirra was the first to land a double backflip and the first to win three gold medals at a single X-Games.
lDave Mirra could attack a ramp with consistency and flow.
Developing a genuine passion for Dave Mirra:
After a summer of pretending, the author realized that Dave Mirra was hishero and started dreaming of performing his tricks.
The author’s reflection on Dave Mirra’s death:
Years later, after hearing the death of Dave Mirra, the author feltquite sad and recalled the days when he was inspired by his courage, determination and natural skill.
Language input
1.Write down the verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs from the article that describe Dave Mirra’s achievements and the author’s reflection on Dave Mirra’s death.
Aspects | Words / Expressions | |
Dave Mirra’s achievements | v. | nickname; base; attack |
n. | magazine; combination; ability; fearlessness; innovation; rider; backflip; gold medal; miracle; consistency; flow | |
adj. | natural; possible; double; clear; special | |
The author’s reflection on Dave Mirra’s death | v. | fade; grow; think about; take his own life; inspire |
n. | passion; courage; determination | |
adv. | immediately; then | |
2.Read the article again and translate these phrases into English.
基于 based on …
逐渐了解到 come to know
在周末参加比赛 compete in competitions at weekends
假装已经学会了冲浪 pretend to have learned how to surf
被他的勇气、决心和天赋所激励
feel inspired by his courage, determination and natural skill
结合天赋、无畏和创新，将这项运动带到许多人从未想象过的高度
use a combination of natural ability, fearlessness and innovation to take the sport to places many never thought possible
很明显，他有异乎常人的地方。
It was clear there was somethingextraordinarily special about him.
这些动作在我的脑海中如此深刻，以致于当他移动时我仿佛感受到了它们。
The moves became so fixed in my mind that I seemed to feel them when he moved.
READING FOR WRITING
[Practice 1] he had a unique way of making complex problems easy to understand by using real-life examples to illustrate them, making learning enjoyable and effective.
[Practice 2] When I look back, my mother has had a lasting impact on me because of her persistent commitment to kindness and hard work. Her actions always remind me that no matter how busy life gets, there’s always time to help others and be there for family.
B4
Vocabulary
1-5DJAEB 6-10 CGHKI
I. DDCD
II.
1. swim the 21-mile English Channel for the second time
2.Gertrude Ederle’s early life and career
3. challenges
4. physical advantages
5. a swimmer
6. a record-breaking performance
7. victory
8. women in sports
III.ABEF
Translation
1. Teenagers(who are) addicted to the internet are more likely to feel anxious.
2. Apart from a place to rest, the shop also provides free drinking water for the cleaners.
3. I am so stressed that it has got to the point where I can’t focus on anything else.
4. It is important to have a friend to talk to, whether it is about a sad or happytopic.
5. Despite all the problems, she doesn’t regret having the surgery.
6. It is common to see groups of Chinese tourists walking the streets of Paris carrying shopping bags.
7. Withthe information, scientists should be more/better able to predict changes in the weather and react/respond to them.
8. It comes as no surprise to learn that happier people are healthier.
9. He admitted that skipping class wasn’t right.
10. Her income didn’t increase even though she was promoted.
11. I find it interesting to communicate with students from different cultural backgrounds.
12.One reason why I gave up studying abroad is that it costs a lot of money.
