45年同行，为中美两国带来了什么？

时事 2024-11-13 18:51 北京

今年是中美建交45周年。45年来，中美关系历经风雨，总体向前发展；未来，中美关系何去何从，不仅两国人民关心，国际社会也高度关注。历史昭示我们，中美合则两利、斗则俱伤。一个稳定、健康、可持续发展的中美关系符合两国共同利益和国际社会期待。

《中国3分钟》工作室推出重磅策划《中美正确相处之道是什么？》，围绕中美经贸、科技、全球治理等领域的十余个关键性问题和热点议题展开评论，深入阐述中美如何在新时期走出一条正确相处之道，造福两国，惠及世界。

《中国3分钟》| 45年同行，为中美两国带来了什么？

What has the past 45 years brought to China and the U.S.?

△这是我们的第482块马赛克

王晓辉

中国网总编辑

上世纪70年代，一次“跨越太平洋的握手”，打破了中美关系的坚冰，两个不同文化传统、不同社会制度、不同发展阶段的大国，由此走出了一条前无古人后启来者的路。建交45年来，中美关系这艘航船历经风雨，在时代的大潮中颠簸起伏，一路上不乏急流、漩涡，但总体能保持正确航向，劈浪向前。中美合作领域之广、利益交融之深、辐射影响之大，均达到前所未有的程度。

In the 1970s, the “handshake across the Pacific Ocean” broke the ice between China and America. Since then, the two countries in different development stages, with different cultures, traditions, and social systems, initiated an unprecedented journey together. In the past 45 years, the ship of the China-U.S. relationship has sailed through storms in the tide, but overall, it has kept moving on course. The range of their cooperation fields, the strength of their converged benefits, and the effect of such bilateral influence have all reached a historical level.

过去45年的交流合作，极大地增进了中美两国的共同利益，推动了两国的长足发展。1978年，中国做出改革开放的历史性决策，加速融入世界经济，这一进程与中美建交同步推进，中国所取得的伟大成就一定程度上与中美合作密不可分。与此同时，美国也从中美合作中获取了巨大的战略利益和经济利益。中美双边货物贸易额从1979年的25亿美元，增长到2023年的6644亿美元，增长了266倍。美国企业在这过程中赚取了丰厚利润，美国民众增加了就业，美国家庭降低了生活成本。美国财长耶伦就曾在公开场合表示，中国为美国企业提供了庞大市场，支撑了美国70多万个就业岗位。

45 years of cooperation have greatly enhanced the common interests of the two countries, which also power the long-term development of bilateral ties. In 1978, China made the historical decision of reform and opening up, accelerating its integration into the global economy. This process synchronized with the normalization of China-U.S. diplomatic ties, while China’s achievements have been closely linked with the collaborative efforts by the two countries. Meanwhile, the U.S. has gained giant strategic profits and economic profits. The volume of trade in goods between the two countries has increased from 2.5 billion USD in 1979 to 664.5 billion USD in 2023, a 266-fold growth. In turn, American companies also benefited in the process; more people are employed, and costs of living lowered. U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Yellen once publicly said that China represents a huge market for the U.S., and created more than 700 thousand jobs for the country.

过去45年的交流合作，也增进了中美两国的相互了解。在中美建交之前的上世纪60年代末，“登上月球的美国人比得到政府批准去中国旅行的美国人还要多”。现如今，中美之间已建立起284对友好省州和友好城市关系，两国最多时每周有300多个航班和每年500多万人次的相互往来。人文交流成为支撑中美关系发展的重要支柱之一。

The cooperation and exchanges during the past 45 years have also deepened understanding between the two countries. In the late 1960s, before the two countries established diplomatic ties, more people landed on the moon than those who got permission from the U.S. government to travel to China. Now, there are 284 pairs of sister provinces/states and sister cities in the two countries; at its climax, more than 300 flights every week shuttle in between the two countries and over five million visits are made every year. People-to-people exchanges are one of the important pillars that hold the China-U.S. relationship together.

更为重要的是，过去45年的交流合作，为中美两国积累了处理双边关系的基本经验。回顾历史，上世纪70年代，中美两国重新打开了交往的大门，其根本原因就在于双方坚持了相互尊重、求同存异的原则。进入21世纪，在应对全球金融危机和全球气候变化等问题上，中美同舟共济，亦为两国关系注入了正能量。近几年来，美国政府直接把中国列为战略竞争对手，掀起中美贸易战、科技战。在中美关系45年的发展历程中，美国对中国如何定位，从合作面还是从竞争面看待中美关系，中美关系的发展轨迹大不相同。

More importantly, the 45 collaborative years have helped accumulate experience in dealing with bilateral issues. In the 1970s, China and the U.S. reopened the gate for exchanges. The fundamental reason for the change was that the two nations both valued the principles of mutual respect and agreed to disagree. In the 21st century, China and the U.S. joined hands in tackling the global financial crisis and climate change, which injected momentum into their bilateral relationship. In recent years, the U.S. government turned to view China as its strategic competitor, initiating the trade war and the technology war. During the 45 years of ups and downs, how the U.S. positions China, and whether it treats the China-U.S. relationship from an angle of collaboration or competition, have largely shaped the development of both countries.

我们必须要看到，眼下，美国一些人仍然抱持错误的对华认知，主张“脱钩断链”的杂音有所增多，中美关系面临着严峻的考验。然而，近半个世纪的历史已经充分说明，中美关系归根结底需要“稳下来、好起来”，共同树立正确认知，共同有效管控分歧，共同推进互利合作，共同承担大国责任，共同促进人文交流，才是两国应该坚守的正道。

We must be aware that currently some Americans still hold a false perception of China, and the noise around decoupling with China has increased. The China-U.S. relationship is facing steep trials. But, the almost half-a-century history has proved that China-U.S. relations need ongoing stability and improvement to thrive. Reaching consensus, managing disagreements, working together to stride forward, shouldering responsibilities as major countries, and pooling efforts to facilitate people-to-people exchanges constitute the right path for the healthy development of China-U.S. relations.

在过去45年交流合作的经验基础上，找到新时期正确的相处之道，这是时代留给中美两国的一道必答题。

Based on the experience between the two countries’ communication and collaboration, finding the right path of coexistence in the new era is the question that must be answered by China and the U.S.

（本集专家：陈文鑫中国现代国际关系研究院美国研究所执行所长）

往期回顾

第1集：中美之间有共同利益吗？

第2集：中美能和平共处吗？

第3集：中国是在挑战美国吗？

关注我们

/ B站：中国网视频-【中国3分钟】/

/Facebook：@ChinaMosaic @Trendinginchina @chinaorgcn /

/ Twitter：@chinaorgcn/

/ YouTube：china.org.cn/

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzA5NDU3ODc1MQ==&mid=2673513025&idx=1&sn=b53b2fe94a48f7a41107e4b309de1c37

中国3分钟

“回应国际关切，传播中国声音”。《CHINA MOSAIC》是一档由中国网全力打造的全球新闻时事中英文评论节目。中国网总编辑联手相关领域权威专家，第一时间、第一现场聚焦国际、国内热点事件，回应关切、表达观点，及时传播中国立场与声音。

最新文章

第10集丨为什么中美人文交流能逆流勇上？

不以山海为远中拉关系焕发新生机

第8集 | 气候变化议题下，中美是什么关系？

第9集 | 中美在人工智能领域是否有合作空间？

New vitality in the China-Latin America relationship

“一网”三十年：更普惠更智能向未来

30 years of World Wide Web in China