随着巴黎奥运会的圆满结束,关于奥运会的讨论再度引发了全球的关注。然而在历年的雅思考试必考真题中,有这样一道题目也与奥运主题息息相关:
“Some people think that the Olympic Games are an exciting event and can bring nations together. Others, however, think that they are a waste of money. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.”
那么,面对这样一个充满争议性的话题,我们该如何写好这道题目呢?
首先,在雅思写作中,运用具体的事实和数据来支持你的论点是至关重要的。引用诸如《经济学人》这类权威来源的证据,不仅可以增强你论点的可信度,还能展示你对讨论问题的深入理解和分析能力。
为了更好地应对这道雅思写作题目,我将从近期《经济学人》的一篇文章《巴黎可能永久改变城市举办奥运会的方式》(Paris could change how cities host the Olympics for good)中,提炼出三条有力的论据,并将其融入到这篇题目的写作中,以增强文章的说服力和深度。
第一条论据,如上文所示,涉及到奥运会的经济挑战。文章提到,研究表明,过去几届奥运会的经济影响几乎为零,并且在长期看来,其效果也难以捉摸。数据显示,直到2016年的13届夏季奥运会中,有10届是亏损的,且所有的奥运会都超出了预算。牛津大学的研究估计,每届奥运会平均超支195%,而巴黎奥运会预计超支115%。这类数据可以用来支持“奥运会是一种浪费”的观点,指出举办奥运会往往导致巨额财务亏损,经济收益难以达到预期。
第二条论据则关注环境影响。通过上面的文字可以看出,里约和伦敦奥运会分别产生了超过300万吨的二氧化碳排放量,相当于冰岛一年的人均排放量。这个论据可以用来批评奥运会对环境的巨大负担,支持反对者的观点,说明举办奥运会可能对全球气候造成不良影响,尤其是在碳排放方面。
第三条论据则探讨了巴黎2024年奥运会在可持续性方面的努力。文章提到,巴黎奥运会致力于成为“最环保”的奥运会,计划将里约和伦敦的碳排放量减少一半,并使用仅由可再生能源供电的设施,此外还计划通过碳信用购买来抵消剩余排放量。然而,环保主义者对此表示怀疑,认为一些措施可能过于表面化,例如在奥运村禁用空调。这个例子可以用来讨论如何在确保奥运会的正面影响的同时,尽可能减少其负面影响,并展示巴黎奥运会如何努力在两者之间取得平衡。
通过引用这些权威的事实和数据,文章的论据将变得更加有力和具体,使得讨论更加深入、全面。这不仅能够有效支持你的观点,还能让你的雅思作文在考官眼中脱颖而出。
以下是这篇结合《经济学人》文章中提到的论据的雅思作文示例, 其中黑体字部分是直接引用的论据内容,建议大家认真阅读。
Some people think that the Olympic Games are an exciting event and can bring nations together. Others, however, think that they are a waste of money. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.
这是一篇典型的"Discussion" 文章,通常要求考生对一个话题的两方面进行讨论,并在最后给出自己的观点。这类题目通常以“Discuss both views and give your own opinion”这种形式出现。
典型的结构:
1. 引言(Introduction)
介绍话题:首先简要介绍一下要讨论的主题。例如,如果主题是关于奥运会,你可以先简单描述一下奥运会的背景和其全球影响力。
提出争论点:接着概述一下围绕该主题的两种不同观点。例如,有些人认为奥运会可以团结各国,带来积极的影响;而另一些人则认为奥运会浪费了大量金钱。
论点陈述(Thesis Statement):表明你将在文中讨论这两种观点,最后给出你自己的看法。
示例: “奥运会一直是一个全球瞩目的事件。一些人认为它象征着全球团结和兴奋,而另一些人则批评它是浪费金钱的行为。这篇文章将探讨这两种观点,并表达我个人的看法。”
Band 9 Sample Answer
The Olympic Games have long been a topic of debate, with some people celebrating them as a symbol of global unity and excitement, while others criticize them as a wasteful expenditure of money. This essay will examine both viewpoints before presenting an opinion on this matter.
2. 正文段落 1:支持奥运会的观点
主题句(Topic Sentence):开始时提出支持奥运会的主要观点,即它能够促进全球团结。
给出两个解释和扩展:为什么支持者认为奥运会能够带来积极影响,如各国在和平竞争中团结一致,参与者不受种族、性别、语言或宗教的歧视,又比如学习体育精神,品质等
Band 9 Sample Answer
On the one hand, proponents of the Olympic Games emphasize its unifying power in bringing the world together through peaceful competition. They highlight how nations, athletes, and teams participate under the same rules, free from discrimination based on race, color, sex, language, religion, political beliefs, national or social origin, or any other status. Furthermore, it seems true that the Olympic Games are seen as an inspiring event that teaches valuable lessons in teamwork, endurance, strength, and persistence. These qualities can motivate people to overcome challenges in life and stay committed to their dreams. Given these benefits, it is understandable why many advocate for hosting the Olympic Games.
3. 正文段落 2:批评奥运会的观点
主题句:提出反对奥运会的主要观点,即奥运会花费巨大且不划算。
给出两个解释和扩展:比如讨论奥运会可能带来的财务负担和经济问题以及环境破坏问题
举例支持:提供具体例子和数据,如以往几届奥运会超出预算且最终造成财政损失,以及其带来的环境破坏。
Band 9 Sample Answer
Conversely, critics argue that the financial cost of hosting the Olympics is excessive and wasteful. They point out that the anticipated economic benefits often fail to materialize, leaving host cities and nations with significant debts and economic woes. They point to evidence that ten out of the 13 Summer Games held until 2016 resulted in financial losses, with all of them exceeding their budgets. Additionally, detractors frequently emphasize the environmental damage caused by hosting the Olympics. They cite examples such as the Games in Rio and London, where each event produced more than 3 million tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent—comparable to the annual emissions of Iceland, a country with a population of 380,000. These concerns underscore the challenges and risks associated with hosting the Olympic Games.
4. 正文段落 3:个人观点
主题句:明确表达你的个人观点。奥运会可以是积极的力量,但前提是必须负责任地进行管理。
支持你的观点:解释为什么你倾向于某一方,或如何在两种观点之间找到平衡。比如,文章提到应重点关注可持续性,以确保奥运会带来的好处大于成本。
举例支持:使用具体的例子来支持你的立场,比如巴黎2024年奥运会计划通过减少碳排放和使用可再生能源来实现“最环保”的奥运会。
Band 9 Sample Answer
While both views have merit, I believe that the Olympic Games can be a positive force if managed responsibly. The potential for the Olympics to unite nations, promote peace, and inspire individuals around the world is significant. However, it is crucial to address the financial and environmental concerns that come with hosting such a large event. Focusing on sustainability is essential to ensure that the benefits of the Games outweigh the costs. For instance, the Paris 2024 Olympics is a good example of how this balance can be achieved. The organizers are committed to hosting the "greenest-ever" Games by cutting carbon emissions in half and using only renewable energy, demonstrating that with proper planning, the Olympics can be both a unifying and environmentally responsible event.
5. 结论(Conclusion)
总结两种观点:简要总结两种不同的观点,强调它们各自的合理性。
重申个人观点:再次强调你的看法,指出奥运会如果管理得当,仍然可以是一个重要的全球性事件。
In conclusion, the Olympic Games have the potential to be both a unifying and exciting event, as well as a financial challenge. The key lies in careful management and a focus on sustainability to ensure that the positive aspects of the Games are fully realized.
通过结合《经济学人》的具体论据,这篇雅思作文不仅讨论了奥运会的正反两面,还通过引入具体的数据和案例,增强了论证的深度和说服力。这种方法不仅展示了写作能力,还表明了考生在写作中的广泛阅读和批判性思考能力,这对于雅思作文的高分至关重要。
作者*雅思8.5达人@Lili 老师
-阅读听力9写作8.5口语8
超过10年的教学经验,曾多次创下帮学生40课时内达到雅思8分和7.5分的高分记录,擅长帮学生搭建高分句型结构、满分素材,强雅思写作批改,直击失分点,英国名校圣安德鲁斯大学(英国卫报排名第二; 威廉王子母校) 英语教育MBA 双硕士科班出身,有着深厚的英语语言教学以及写作功底,TESOL 资格证书 TESl Canada 资格认证;
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