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Thoracic (Descending) Aorta
胸降主动脉
The aorta seen here, highlighted in green, is the largest blood vessel in the body, and almost all arteries stem from this vessel or from one of its branches.
主动脉（绿色高亮部分）是人体内最大的血管，几乎所有的动脉都起自主动脉，或主动脉的分支。
Our focus in this video is a section of the aorta called the thoracic aorta or descending aorta and its branches. You can see the clear view of it here without any organs in the way.
这个视频将重点介绍主动脉的一段--胸主动脉或降主动脉及其分支。你可以看到在没有任何器官干扰的情况下，胸主动脉的清晰视图。
The terms thoracic aorta and descending aorta are used interchangeably, and they're both perfectly acceptable.
胸主动脉和降主动脉两个术语可以互换使用，它们都是完全可以容许的。
Here's an overview of the aorta so that you can find your bearings when we discuss the specifics of the thoracic aorta.
这大致就是主动脉，所以，我们开始详细讨论胸主动脉。
After starting at the aortic valve, the ascending aorta winds towards the head, becomes the aortic arch or the transverse aorta as it makes a rainbow over the superior aspect of the heart, and then moves in an inferior direction through the chest and abdomen.
升主动脉从主动脉瓣发出后，向头部弯曲，在心脏上方成为彩虹状的主动脉弓或横主动脉，然后向下穿过胸腔和腹腔。
At the left subclavian artery, it becomes the thoracic aorta.
在左锁骨下动脉，它变成胸主动脉。
After the thoracic aorta, comes the abdominal aorta and follows, then, the thoracoabdominal aorta which ends in its bifurcation into the left and right common iliac arteries. Let's now focus on the thoracic aorta.
在胸主动脉后，成为腹主动脉，然后是胸腹主动脉，其末端分支，形成左右髂总动脉。现在，我们重点看一下胸主动脉。
It begins at the level of the fourth thoracic vertebra and descends on the left side of the thoracic vertebrae from the fifth thoracic vertebra to the 12th thoracic vertebra.
胸主动脉始于第4胸椎水平，在胸椎左侧从第5胸椎下降到第12胸椎。
Running behind the base of the left lung and the pericardium, it enters the abdomen via the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm when it reaches the T12 vertebra.
它在左肺底和心包后走行，到达 T12 椎骨时，通过膈肌的主动脉裂孔进入腹腔。
The branches of the thoracic aorta include the bronchial arteries, the pericardial arteries, the superior phrenic arteries, the esophageal arteries, the posterior intercostals arteries, and the subcostal arteries.
胸主动脉的分支包括支气管动脉、心包动脉、膈上动脉、食管动脉、肋间后动脉和肋下动脉。
Once again, those branches and the parts they supply: the bronchial which supplies the lungs, the pericardial which supplies the dorsal portion of the pericardium,
注意，这些分支及其供应的部分：支气管动脉供应肺，心包动脉供应心包背侧部分，
the superior phrenic supporting the diaphragm and the adrenal glands, the esophageal supplying the (you guessed it!) the esophagus.
膈上动脉支持膈肌和肾上腺，食管动脉（你会猜到吧！）供应食管。
The posterior intercostal, which you see here in green, supply the intercostal spaces and the subcostal, the flat abdominal wall muscles.
肋间后动脉（见绿色区域）供应肋间隙，肋下动脉供应扁平腹壁肌肉。
相关单词学习
Thoracic
①发音和释义
tho•rac•ic/θɔːˈræsɪk/adj. 胸的，胸腔的
Of or pertaining to the thorax.
单词 thoracic 由下列成分构成
thorac- 胸
+
-ic（后缀）......的，与......有关
（图源：太帅图库）
Hiatus
hi•a•tus/haɪˈeɪtəs/n. 裂孔，裂缝
A natural fissure, cleft, or foramen in a bone or other structure.
单词 hiatus 由下列成分构成
hiā(re) 裂开，张开
+
-tus（拉丁语过去分词后缀）表示动作已完成
（图源：太帅图库）
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