DOI：10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.09.001
摘要:随着电力电子和储能技术的发展，动力装备电动化已成为全球车辆发展的重要方向，在新能源汽车领域已得到成功应用，我国率先形成了完整的产业基础。目前，全球电动农业装备处于起步阶段，多以理论研究为主，尚无批量化生产的电动农业装备产品，发展电动农业装备具有产业优势。本文简要分析了电动农业装备关键部件及软件平台，重点综述了国内外电动拖拉机、电动微耕机、电动移栽机、电动果园作业机、电动播种机研究现状，并对电动农业装备与传统农业装备进行了性能对比，得出了不同农业装备的优缺点，为农业装备的应用场景分析提供了支撑。针对不同农业装备的农艺特点和电动化关键部件特点阐述了不同形式农业装备的应用场景。结合当前电动车辆发展状况及农业装备作业特点对不同电动农业装备发展瓶颈进行了分析，为电动农业装备的发展指明了方向，可为我国电动农业装备的发展提供参考。
关键词: 农业装备 电动化 应用场景 综述
Review of Research for Agricultural Equipment Electrification Technology
Abstract:With the development of power electronics and energy storage technology, electrification of power equipment has become an important direction of global vehicle development. It has been successfully applied in the field of new energy vehicles, and has taken the lead in establishing a complete industrial foundation in China. At present, the global electric agricultural equipment is in its infancy, mostly based on theoretical research, and there is no mass-produced electric agricultural equipment product. The development of electric agricultural equipment has industrial advantages. The key components and software platforms of electric agricultural equipment were briefly analyzed, and a comprehensive review of the research status of electric tractors, electric micro-tillers, electric transplanters, electric orchard machines, and electric seeders at home and abroad were focused on. The performance comparison of electric agricultural equipment and traditional agricultural equipment was carried out, and the advantages and disadvantages of different agricultural equipment were obtained. It can provide support for the application scenario analysis of agricultural equipment. According to the agronomic characteristics of different agricultural equipment and the characteristics of key components of electrification, the application scenarios of different forms of agricultural equipment were expounded. Combined with the current development status of electric vehicles and the operation characteristics of agricultural equipment, the bottlenecks of the development of different electric agricultural equipment were analyzed, and the direction for the development of electric agricultural equipment was pointed out. It was hoped that the research result can serve as a valuable reference for the development of electric agricultural machinery in China.
Key Words:agricultural equipment electrification application scenarios review
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