诉讼时效的解读见2024年06月09日的推送文---反洗钱与制裁风险动态解读---美国国会将违反美国制裁的诉讼时效提高到10年。
OFAC正式同步指导意见,结合美国白宫当地时间7月22日发布的一份备忘录显示,美国总统拜登根据有关为乌克兰提供支持的法律,将其部分总统权力下放给美国财政部部长及美国国务卿。让我们拭目以待吧。
今晚偷个懒,就翻译一下这个指导意见,仅供参考,如有错误,请指正
下载地址:
https://ofac.treasury.gov/media/933056/download?inline
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY OFFICE OF FOREIGN ASSETS CONTROL
美国财政部外国资产控制办公室
Enforcement Release: July 22, 2024
执法公告:2024年7月22日
GUIDANCE ON EXTENSION OF STATUTE OF LIMITATIONS
关于延长诉讼时效的指导
This guidance addresses questions raised by recent legislation that extended the statute of limitations for violations of certain sanctions administered by the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC).
本指导文件旨在解答最近通过的立法中提出的问题,该立法延长了由外国资产控制办公室(OFAC)管理的某些制裁违规行为的诉讼时效。
On April 24, 2024, the President signed into law the 21st Century Peace through Strength Act, Pub. L. No. 118-50, div. D (the “Act”).
2024年4月24日,总统签署了《21世纪通过实力实现和平法案》,公法编号118-50,第D部分(以下简称“该法案”)。
Section 3111 of the Act extends from five years to 10 years the statute of limitations for civil and criminal violations of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) or the Trading with the Enemy Act (TWEA).
该法案第3111节将违反《国际紧急经济权力法》(IEEPA)或《与敌国贸易法》(TWEA)的民事和刑事违规行为的诉讼时效从五年延长至十年。
Prior to the Act’s enactment, civil enforcement actions brought by OFAC under IEEPA or TWEA were subject to the five-year statute of limitations set forth in 28 U.S.C. § 2462.
在该法案生效之前,OFAC根据IEEPA或TWEA提起的民事执法行动受到《美国法典》第28章第2462条所规定的五年诉讼时效的限制。
The new 10-year statute of limitations—codified at 50 U.S.C. §§ 1705(d) and 4315(d)—became effective upon the President’s signature on April 24, 2024.
新的十年诉讼时效——在《美国法典》第50章第1705(d)条和第4315(d)条中编纂——自2024年4月24日总统签署之日起生效。
The Act states that “an action, suit or proceeding for the enforcement of any civil fine, penalty, or forfeiture, pecuniary or otherwise” brought under IEEPA or TWEA “shall not be entertained unless commenced within 10 years after the latest date of the violation upon which the civil fine, penalty, or forfeiture is based.”
该法案规定,“任何根据IEEPA或TWEA提起的执行任何民事罚款、处罚或没收的行动、诉讼或程序”必须在违规行为发生之日起十年内提起。
This new 10-year statute of limitations applies to any violation that was not time-barred at the time of its enactment.
这一新的十年诉讼时效适用于在其生效时尚未超过诉讼时效的任何违规行为。
Consequently, OFAC may now commence an enforcement action for civil violations of IEEPA- or TWEA-based sanctions prohibitions within 10 years of the latest date of the violation if such date was after April 24, 2019.
因此,OFAC现在可以在违规行为发生之日起十年内启动针对IEEPA或TWEA基础上的制裁禁令的民事执法行动,前提是该违规行为的最后日期在2019年4月24日之后。
As set forth in the Act, the commencement of a civil enforcement action includes the issuance of a prepenalty notice or a finding of violation.
正如该法案所述,民事执法行动的启动包括发出预处罚通知或违规行为认定。
To match the new statute of limitations period, OFAC anticipates publishing an interim final rule, with an opportunity to provide comment, extending from five years to 10 years the recordkeeping requirements codified at 31 C.F.R. § 501.601.
为了与新的诉讼时效期限相匹配,OFAC预计会发布一项临时最终规则,提供公众评论机会,将《美国法典》第31章第501.601条中编纂的记录保存要求从五年延长至十年。
OFAC anticipates that a 10-year recordkeeping requirement would become effective six months after publication of the interim final rule.
OFAC预计,十年的记录保存要求将在该临时最终规则发布后六个月生效。
需要关注
1.将诉讼时效延长一倍可能会增加责任范围,从而增加对面临刑事或民事制裁执行的公司的处罚范围
2.这一扩大的诉讼时效恰逢美国司法部和外国资产管制处进一步加强制裁执法活动并为之付出努力
3.交易记录保存期或调至10年,进一步增加了合规的成本