女性会阴解剖及动脉丨医学英语视听学习

Nerves, arteries and veins of the female perineum

女性会阴的神经、动脉和静脉

So, in this tutorial, we're going to be looking at this inferior view of the female pelvis with the skin and some organs cut away and that means our pubic symphysis which is our reference point for the anterior part of the pelvis is up here and the sacrum which is our marker for the posterior part of the body is down here.

在这个教程中，我们将看一下女性盆腔（剥离了皮肤和一些器官）的下视图，这表示我们的耻骨联合（骨盆前部的参考点）在这儿，骶骨（身体后部的标记）在这儿。

In this image, we can also see some muscles which are not part of the perineum just here as well as some of the arteries that supply the perineum and some muscles that are, of course, related to this area and we'll have a look at some of those arteries a little bit later. 

在这个图像中，我们在这儿也可以看到一些不属于会阴的肌肉，以及一些供应会阴的动脉，当然，也有与该区域相关的一些肌肉，稍后，我们将看到一些动脉。

So as you can see in this image, the female perineum is an anatomical diamond-shaped region which is located below the pelvic floor and between the thighs. 

如图所示，女性会阴，在解剖学上，是位于盆底下方，大腿之间的菱形区域。

It's bounded anteriorly by the pubic symphysis which we mentioned before and posteriorly by the coccyx which is the little bit of bone that is inferior to the sacrum and anterolaterally, it's bounded by the ischiopubic rami and posterolaterally, we can see that the perineum is bounded by the sacrotuberous ligaments which we can see dotted in blue.  

它在前面以我们之前提到的耻骨联合为界；后面以骶骨下方的一块小骨--尾骨为界；在前外侧，以坐骨耻骨支为界，在后外侧，我们看到，会阴以骶结节韧带（见图中蓝色虚线标记的区域）为界。

And as you can see, they run from the ischial tuberosity to the sacrum. The female perineum can also be divided into two parts – an anterior urogenital triangle and a posterior anal triangle. 

我们可以看到，它们从坐骨结节延伸到骶骨。女性会阴也分为两部分：前面的尿生殖三角和后面的肛门三角。

Let's have a quick talk through what's in the anterior urogenital triangle first. 

我们先快速了解一下前面的尿生殖三角。

So, in the anterior urogenital triangle, we can see that there is a mons pubis which is a fatty mound of tissue that sits over the pubic bones. There's also the labia majora which are two folds of adipose tissue which surrounds the labia minora.  

在前面的尿生殖三角区，我们可以看到阴阜，即耻骨上的脂肪组织丘。大阴唇也在该区域，它是围绕小阴唇的两层褶皱脂肪组织。

We have the labia minora which are two folds of inner skin that surrounds the vagina. We have the clitoris which is the female erectile body and the vaginal orifice which is the opening into the vagina and we also have the urethral orifice which is the orifice through which urine exits. 

我们有小阴唇，它是阴道周围的两层内侧皮肤皱襞。我们有阴蒂和阴道口，阴蒂是女性勃起组织，阴道口是通向阴道的开口；我们也有尿道口，它是尿液排出的口。

Moving now to the posterior anal triangle, we can see that the posterior anal triangle contains the anus which is the opening of the rectum, the external anal sphincter which is a sphincter of muscle which surrounds the anus, and the ischioanal fossa which is this horseshoe region just here. 

现在看后面的肛门三角，我们可以看到，后面的肛门三角包含肛门（直肠的开口）、肛门外括约肌（肛周的括约肌）和坐骨肛门窝（这儿的马蹄形区域）。

And throughout this tutorial, we're going to be talking about the arteries, the veins and the nerves of the female perineum. 

在整个教程中，我们将讨论女性会阴的动脉、静脉和神经。

So, let's begin, and let's of course begin by talking about the arteries of the female perineum. 

现在开始讲解，当然，我们先讨论一下女性会阴的动脉。

So, as you might be able to guess already, the role of the arteries is to supply oxygen-rich blood to the structures within the female perineum. And today, we're going to be looking at five arteries that supply this area, the main one being the internal pudendal artery which is the main artery of the perineum. 

正如大家所猜想的，动脉的作用是为女性会阴内的结构供应富氧血液。今天，我们将学习供应这一区域的5条动脉，其中最主要的是阴部内动脉，即会阴的主要动脉。

And we're also going to be looking at four of its branches – the inferior rectal artery, the perineal artery, the artery of the vestibular bulb and the deep artery of the clitoris. 

我们也将学习它的4个分支，直肠下动脉、会阴动脉、前庭球动脉和阴蒂深动脉。

Let's begin by talking about the internal pudendal artery which is highlighted in green. 

我们先讨论一下阴部内动脉，如绿色高亮区域所示。

And the internal pudendal artery is the terminal branch of the anterior division of the internal iliac artery, we can see the internal iliac artery more clearly on this posterior view of the rectal and pelvic arteries within the pelvis, of course, with the muscles and the vertebral spine and many organs cut away.

阴部内动脉是髂内动脉前支的末端分支，在盆腔直肠和盆腔动脉后视图中，我们可以更清楚地看到髂内动脉，当然，已经切除了肌肉，脊椎和许多器官。