24年7月30日文献情报（20篇）

24年7月xx日文献情报

1. 题目: Urban wastewater disinfection by FeCl3-activated biochar/peroxymonosulfate system: Escherichia coli inactivation and microplastics interference

文章编号: N24073020
期刊: Environmental Pollution
作者: Mister Adeel, Claudia Cirillo, Maria Sarno, Luigi Rizzo
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Biochar coupled with peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to produce sulfate radicals and its application to urban wastewater disinfection has been rarely investigated and no information is available about microplastics (MPs) interference on the disinfection process. In this study, FeCl-activated biochar (Fe-BC) was coupled to PMS to evaluate the inactivation of () in real secondary treated urban wastewater. Surface morphology of Fe-BC sample, characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), showed a rough texture with uniform distribution of iron particles over the entire surface area. inactivation improved (∼3.8 log units, detection limit = 1 CFU/100 mL) as Fe-BC concentration was decreased (from 1.0 g/L to 0.5 g/L), at a constant PMS dose (300 mg/L). Besides, removal efficiency of was negatively affected by the presence of small (30-50 μm) polyethylene MPs (PE MPs) (200 mg/L), which could be attributed to the adsorption of MPs on Fe-BC surface, according to SEM images of post-treated Fe-BC. The low disinfection efficiency of Fe-BC/PMS system in presence MPs could be due to blocking of Fe-BC sites for PMS activation and/or radicals scavenging during treatment. These results allowed to unveil the mechanisms of MPs interference on inactivation by Fe-BC/PMS, as well as the potential of this process to make the effluent in compliance with the stringent limit for agricultural reuse.
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2. 题目: Organic carbon, major and trace element release from and adsorption onto particulate suspended matter of the Ob River, western Siberia

文章编号: N24073019
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Artem G Lim, Ivan V Krickov, Oleg S Pokrovsky
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Particulate suspended matter (PSM) of rivers is a significant factor for carbon, nutrient, and trace metal transfer from land to ocean. Towards better understanding the role that PSM exerts on major and trace elements in riverine systems, here we report the results of an experimental study which utilizes a two-fold approach to assess interaction between PSM and riverine solutes. First, we measured element leaching (via desorption and dissolution in distilled water, simulating snow melt) from PSM of the largest Siberian river, the Ob River. Second, we quantified the capacity of PSM to adsorb dissolved organic carbon (DOC), macro- and micronutrients and trace elements from organic-rich waters of the river floodplain. We documented sizable desorption of organic carbon, some major and trace metals, oxyanions and insoluble elements from PSM; the majority (>50 %) of elements were released over the first hour of reaction. In contrast, PSM of the Ob River was capable of removing 20 to 90 % of dissolved OC, nutrients (Si, P), and trace elements from the tributary and floodplain fen. Our experiments demonstrated preferential adsorption of aromatic compounds large molecular size colloids. Taken together, the adsorption of solutes by PSM can sizably decrease the concentration and modify the molecular size distribution, and therefore the potential bioavailability of major (DOC, P, Si) and trace micronutrients. Overall, the PSM of the Ob River exhibited high reactivity with respect to natural waters and was capable of modifying the elemental composition of the tributary and floodplain fen waters. This transfer of organic carbon and nutrients in the surface-adsorbed (particulate) form is especially important during spring flood and requires specific consideration in short-term biogeochemical cycles of elements in continental waters.
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3. 题目: Multi-laser nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA): A unique method to visualize dynamic (shear) and dynamic (Brownian motion) light scattering and quantify nonliving natural organic matter (NNOM) in environmental water

文章编号: N24073018
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Martha J M Wells, Julie Y Chen, Jeff Bodycomb, Daniel Wolgemuth, Holly A Stretz, G Adam Zacheis, Mario Bautista, Katherine Y Bell
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Application of simultaneous multi-laser nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) to environmental water samples to investigate nonliving natural organic matter (NNOM) in is introduced as an innovative method for observing particles directly in their native media. Multi-laser NTA results of particle visualization, particle number concentration, and particle size distribution elucidated particle dynamics in low and high total dissolved solids (TDS) aqueous environmental samples. A pond water sample and concentrate from a reverse osmosis (RO) treatment process (Stage 1) had 1.3 × 10 and 5.62 × 10 particles/mL, respectively, (at time = 0) after filtration at 0.45 μm. Beyond the traditional applications for this instrument, this research presents novel evidence-based investigations that probe the existence of supramolecular structures in environmental waters during turbulence or quiescence. The pond water sample exhibited time-dependent aggregation as the volume distribution shifted to greater diameter during quiescence, compared to turbulence. Disaggregation (increased numbers of particles over time) was noted in the >250 nm to <600 nm region, and aggregation of >450 nm particles was also noted in the quiescent RO concentrate sample, indicative of depletion of small particles to form larger ones. Multi-laser NTA and dynamic light scattering (DLS) capabilities were compared and contrasted. DLS and NTA are different (complementary) particle sizing techniques. DLS yielded more information about the physical hydrogel in the NNOM hierarchy whereas multi-laser NTA better characterized meta-chemical and chemical hydrogel characteristics. Operationalization of innovation—moving from fundamental investigations to application—is supported by implementing novel analytical instrumentation as we address issues involving climate change, drought, and the scarcity of potable water. Multi-laser NTA can be used as a tool to study and optimize complex water and wastewater treatment processes. Questions about water treatment efficiencies, membrane fouling, assistance of pollutant transport, and carbon capture cycles affected by NNOM will benefit from insights from multi-laser NTA.
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4. 题目: Long-term warming in a temperate forest accelerates soil organic matter decomposition despite increased plant-derived inputs

文章编号: N24073017
期刊: Biogeochemistry
作者: Atzín X San Román, Nivetha Srikanthan, Andreia A Hamid, Thomas J Muratore, Melissa A Knorr, Serita D Frey, Myrna J Simpson
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要:

Climate change may alter soil microbial communities and soil organic matter (SOM) composition. Soil carbon (C) cycling takes place over multiple time scales; therefore, long-term studies are essential to better understand the factors influencing C storage and help predict responses to climate change. To investigate this further, soils that were heated by 5 °C above ambient soil temperatures for 18 years were collected from the Barre Woods Soil Warming Study at the Harvard Forest Long-term Ecological Research site. This site consists of large 30 × 30 m plots (control or heated) where entire root systems are exposed to sustained warming conditions. Measurements included soil C and nitrogen concentrations, microbial biomass, and SOM chemistry using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. These complementary techniques provide a holistic overview of all SOM components and a comprehensive understanding of SOM composition at the molecular-level. Our results showed that soil C concentrations were not significantly altered with warming; however, various molecular-level alterations to SOM chemistry were observed. We found evidence for both enhanced SOM decomposition and increased above-ground plant inputs with long-term warming. We also noted shifts in microbial community composition while microbial biomass remained largely unchanged. These findings suggest that prolonged warming induced increased availability of preferred substrates, leading to shifts in the microbial community and SOM biogeochemistry. The observed increase in gram-positive bacteria indicated changes in substrate availability as gram-positive bacteria are often associated with the decomposition of complex organic matter, while gram-negative bacteria preferentially break down simpler organic compounds altering SOM composition over time. Our results also highlight that additional plant inputs do not effectively offset chronic warming-induced SOM decomposition in temperate forests.

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5. 题目: A systematic analysis and review of soil organic carbon stocks in urban greenspaces

文章编号: N24073016
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Yang Guo, Jiatong Han, Haijun Bao, Yuzhe Wu, Liyin Shen, Xiangrui Xu, Ziwei Chen, Pete Smith, Mohamed Abdalla
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Urban greenspaces typically refer to urban wetland, urban forest and urban turfgrass. They play a critical role in carbon sequestration by absorbing carbon from the atmosphere; however, their capacity to retain and store carbon in the form of soil organic carbon (SOC) varies significantly. This study provides a systematic analysis and review on the capacity of different urban greenspace types in retaining and storing SOC in 30 cm soil depth on a global scale. Data came from 78 publications on the subject of SOC stocks, covering different countries and climate zones. Overall, urban greenspace types exerted significant influences on the spatial pattern of SOC stocks, with the highest value of 18.86 ± 11.57 kg m (mean ± standard deviation) in urban wetland, followed by urban forest (6.50 ± 3.65 kg m), while the lowest mean value of 4.24 ± 3.28 kg m was recorded in urban turfgrass soil. Soil organic carbon stocks in each urban greenspace type were significantly affected by climate zones, management/environmental settings, and selected soil properties (i.e. soil bulk density, pH and clay content). Furthermore, our analysis showed a significantly negative correlation between SOC stocks and human footprint in urban wetland, but a significantly positive relationship in urban forest and urban turfgrass. A positive correlation between SOC stocks and human footprint indicates that increased human activity and development can enhance SOC stocks through effective management and green infrastructure. Conversely, a negative correlation suggests that improper management of human activities can degrade SOC stocks. This highlights the need for sustainable practices to maintain or enhance SOC accumulation in urban greenspaces.
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6. 题目: Weak static magnetic fields facilitated highly efficient 2,4,6-trichlorophenol removal by sulfurized nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on biochar (BC-SNZVI) at neutral pH

文章编号: N24073015
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Ying Wang, Yanqiang Tang, Wei Jiang, Qingdong Qin, Rongsheng Lu, Yan Xu
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Sulfurized nanoscale zero-valent iron supported on biochar (BC-SNZVI) has been successfully synthesized for 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP) removal, while was only effectively under acidic conditions. To obtain highly efficient removal of 2,4,6-TCP within a broader pH range, weak static magnetic fields (WMF) was applied in BC-SNZVI/2,4,6-TCP aqueous systems. Results showed 30 mT WMF supported the most extensive 2,4,6-TCP removal, and 87.4% of 2,4,6-TCP (initial concentration of 30 mg/L) was removed by 0.5 g/L BC-SNZVI at neutral pH (pH = 6.8) within 180 min, which was increased by 54.4% compared to that without WMF. The observed rate constant () under 30 mT WMF was 2.1-fold greater than that without WMF. Although three typical anions (NO (0.5–10.0 mM), HPO (0.05–0.5 mM), and HCO (0.5–5.0 mM)) still inhibited 2,4,6-TCP removal, WMF could efficiently alleviate the inhibitory effects. Moreover, 73.1% of 2,4,6-TCP was successfully removed by BC-SNZVI under WMF in natural water. WMF remarkably boosted the dechlorination of 2,4,6-TCP, increasing the 2,4,6-TCP dechlorination efficiency from 45.2% (in the absence of WMF) to 83.8% (in the presence of WMF) by the end of 300 min. And the complete dechlorination product phenol appeared within 10 min. Force analysis confirmed the magnetic field gradient force () moved paramagnetic Fe at the SNZVI surface along the direction perpendicular to the external applied field, promoting the mass-transfer controlled SNZVI corrosion. Corrosion resistance analysis revealed WMF promoted the electron-transfer controlled SNZVI corrosion by decreasing its self-corrosion potential (). With the introduction of sulfur, the magnitude of doubled and the decreased comparing with NZVI. Our findings provide a facile and viable strategy for treating chlorinated phenols at neutral pH.
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7. 题目: Biogas slurry-derived dissolved organic matter inhibited oxytetracycline adsorption by tropical agricultural soils

文章编号: N24073014
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Hui Chen, Lingfei Yin, Yuan He, Liangtai Bai, Yuejun Wu, Yuanyuan Zhao, Febelyn Reguyal, Ajit K Sarmah, Xing Yang, Chengjun Ge, Hailong Wang
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: The increasing presence of oxytetracycline (OTC) in agricultural soils has raised global environmental concerns. We investigated the environmental behavior and fate of OTC in two types of tropical agricultural soils, focusing on the impact of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from biogas slurry. Techniques such as three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy (3D-EEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (UV–vis) were used to explore the adsorption mechanisms. Our findings revealed that biogas slurry-derived DOM decreased the OTC adsorption on soils and extended the time to reach adsorption equilibrium. Specifically, the equilibrium adsorption of OTC by the two soils decreased by 19.41 and 15.32 %, respectively. These adsorption processes were effectively modelled by Elovich, intraparticle diffusion, linear, and Freundlich thermodynamic models. Thermodynamic parameters suggested that OTC adsorption onto soils was spontaneous and endothermic, with competitive interactions between biogas slurry-derived DOM and OTC molecules intensifying at higher DOM concentrations. The adsorption mechanisms were governed by both physical and chemical processes. Furthermore, the presence of Ca and Na ions significantly inhibited OTC adsorption. These insights advanced our understanding of the fate and risk of OTC in soil environments influenced by DOM, contributing to more informed agricultural and environmental management practices.
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8. 题目: Migration of natural organic matter and Pseudomonas fluorescens-associated polystyrene on natural substrates in aquatic environments

文章编号: N24073013
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Hui Tao, Jingtong Peng, Yiyang Chen, Lingqin Zhou, Tao Lin
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: This study investigated the migration behavior of microplastics (MPs) covered with natural organic matter (NOM) and biofilm on three substrates (silica, Pseudomonas fluorescent and biofilms) in various ionic strengths, focusing on the alterations in surface properties based on surface energy theory that affected their deposition and release processes. Peptone and were employed to generate NOM-attached and biofilm-coated polystyrene (PS) (NOM-PS and Bio-PS). NOM-PS and Bio-PS both exhibited different surface properties, as increased roughness and particle sizes, more hydrophilic surfaces and altered zeta potentials which increased with ionic strength. Although the deposition of NOM-PS on biofilms were enhanced by higher ionic strengths and the addition of Ca, while Bio-PS deposited less on biofilms and more on the silica surface. Both types exhibited diffusion-driven adsorption on the silica surface, with Bio-PS also engaging in synergistic and competitive interactions on biofilm surfaces. Release tests revealed that NOM-PS and Bio-PS were prone to release from silica than from biofilms. The Extended Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (XDLVO) theory furtherly demonstrated that mid-range electrostatic (EL) repulsion had significantly impacts on NOM-PS deposition, and structural properties of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and substrate could affect Bio-PS migration.
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9. 题目: Spatiotemporal response of the optical characteristics of dissolved organic matter to seasonality and land use in tropical island rivers

文章编号: N24073012
期刊: Environmental Geochemistry and Health
作者: Yaxin Xiao, Chaoxian Wei, Qingfeng Wang, Ying Shan, Guiliang Wang, Jinchuang Wang
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要:

Dissolved organic matter (DOM), a pivotal component in the global carbon cycle, plays a crucial role in maintaining the productivity and functionality of aquatic ecosystems. However, the driving factors of variations in the properties of riverine DOM in tropical islands still remain unclear. In this study, the spatiotemporal response of the optical characteristics of riverine DOM to seasonality and land use on Hainan Island in southern China was investigated. Our results revealed that DOM in the rivers of Hainan Island exhibited a relatively high proportion of fulvic acid and demonstrated strong terrestrial sources. The optical properties of DOM exhibited significant variations both seasonally and spatially. Land use exerted a dominant influence on riverine DOM. Specifically, during the wet season, riverine DOM exhibited larger molecular weight, increased chromophoric DOM (CDOM) abundance, and higher Fmax compared to the dry season. Furthermore, riverine DOM influenced by grassland and farmland showed higher CDOM abundance, Fmax, and humification degree in contrast to those impacted by forest and urban. Random forest and correlation analysis results indicated that grassland and farmland enhanced the Fmax of DOM by increasing levels of TP, NO₃^––N, Chl a, and NH₄⁺–N in the dry season. However, during the wet season, the increased Fmax of DOM induced by grassland and farmland relied on the increments of Chl a and TP concentrations. This study improves our understanding of the spatiotemporal fluctuations of DOM in the rivers of Hainan Island, highlighting the effects of season and land use on DOM. It offers valuable support for improving water quality and contributes to enhancing human comprehension of the global carbon cycle.

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10. 题目: Elimination of microplastics, PFAS, and PPCPs from biosolids via pyrolysis to produce biochar: Feasibility and techno-economic analysis

文章编号: N24073011
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Arturo A Keller, Weiwei Li, Yuki Floyd, James Bae, Kayla Marie Clemens, Eleanor Thomas, Ziwei Han, Adeyemi S Adeleye
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Biosolids from municipal wastewater treatment contain many contaminants of emerging concern, including microplastics (MPs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pharmaceuticals and chemicals from personal care products (PPCPs). Many of these contaminants have very slow biotic or abiotic degradation rates and have been shown to have human and ecological health impacts. Application of biosolids to agriculture, a common disposal method, can result in extended environmental contamination. An approach for eliminating the contaminants is pyrolysis, which can also generate biochar, enhancing carbon sequestration as a side-benefit. We pyrolyzed biosolid samples from an operating facility at various temperatures from 400 to 700 °C with a 2-hour residence time. We then evaluated contaminant removal, which in many cases was 100 %, with only a few residuals. No trace of PFAS was detectable even at 400 °C. Overall mass removal of PPCPs, including PFAS, was over 99.9 %. MP removal via pyrolysis ranged from 91 to 97 %. The biochar contains significant amounts of Fe and P, which make it a useful fertilizer amendment. The techno-economic analysis indicates that pyrolysis may generate significant cost savings, and revenue from the sale of biochar, sufficient to more than cover the investment and operating costs of the dryer and pyrolysis unit.
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11. 题目: Strengthening nitrogen removal of rural wastewater treatment in humus biochemical system under low dissolved oxygen conditions: Sludge and microbial characteristics

文章编号: N24073010
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Zhengliang Du, Bin Lu, Dong Li, Xiaoli Chai
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: To achieve efficient and cost-effective treatment for the rural wastewater, a novel humus biochemical system (HBS) process derived from humus bio-functional material was proposed to treat rural wastewater under low dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions, and the operational performance, sludge characteristics, and microbial community in HBS were systematically investigated in this study. The results indicated that the HBS reactor could be operated stably under low DO levels of 0.2–0.8 mg/L, and maintained high removal efficiencies of 96.4%, 96.0%, and 88.2% for chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen, and total nitrogen, with corresponding effluent concentrations of 11.0, 1.7, and 5.1 mg/L, respectively. The sludge produced from HBS was characterized by relatively large particle size, complex structural morphology, and abundant humic substances, which favorably improved the system stability. Illumina sequencing demonstrated that HBS reactor possessed high microbial abundance and diversity and was enriched with plenty of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, which synergistically intensified the whole biological nitrogen removal process in this system. The study presented the feasibility and adaptability of HBS for energy-efficient rural wastewater treatment.
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12. 题目: Spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of farmland soil organic carbon in various landforms of a complex topography

文章编号: N24073009
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Jun Long, Jing Li, Qian Huang, Luanmei Lu, Honghong Li, Shihe Xing, Liming Zhang
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Estimating the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of farmland soil organic carbon density (SOCD) is of great significance for enhancing soil carbon sequestration capacity. Herein, a large region of complex topography was targeted, which includes hill–mountain, valley–basin, and plain–platform. Based on the massive amounts of sampling data (57,254 measured values) and a large-scale soil map of 1:10,000 (371,976 polygonal patches), the gravity center migration model and gray correlation model were used to quantify the spatiotemporal variations and driving factors of farmland SOCD. The results indicated that the farmland soils in the study area had dual functions of carbon source and sink during 1982–2018, of which 45.50 % and 54.50 % were identified as carbon source and sink, respectively. Specifically, the SOCD for the entire study area, its hill–mountain, and valley–basin increased from 2.79 kg m, 2.97 kg m, and 3.06 kg m to 2.87 kg m, 3.06 kg m, and 3.14 kg m, respectively, with 0.08 kg m carbon sequestrations and a northeast migration direction for the SOCD gravity center (angle: 21.94°, 23.56°, and 18.82°; distance: 1.56 km, 2.73 km, and 3.20 km). There was a smaller increase of 0.07 kg m in SOCD for the plain–platform from 2.38 kg m (1982) to 2.45 kg m (2018), and the SOCD gravity center migrated to the southwest with an angle of −172.46° and a distance of 1.84 km. Thus, the spatiotemporal variations of farmland SOCD in various landforms varied greatly. Over the past 36 years, SOCD variations were driven by a combination of intrinsic soil factors and external factors such as human disturbance. However, the driving effects of these factors on the landforms of hill–mountain, valley–basin, and plain–platform were quite different in size and order. Therefore, we suggest that topography must be considered when formulating policies to improve soil carbon sequestration, and priority should be given to landform-specific SOCD variation and the factors contributing to them.
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13. 题目: Amended soils with weathered coal exhibited greater resistance to aggregate breakdown than those with biochar: From the viewpoint of soil internal forces

文章编号: N24073008
期刊: Soil and Tillage Research
作者: Ke Wang, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Jiyong Zheng, Wenjing Zhang, Zhiping Yang, Qiang Zhang, Jinjun Cai, Xiaolin Wang
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Soil erosion is the first threat to soil functions. Reducing the soil aggregate breakdown strength is a key step to improve the soil’s ability to resist rainfall splash erosion. Soil internal forces have been found to be the initial and important forces driving aggregate turnover. The application of exogenous organic materials can effectively improve soil aggregate stability and the resistance to rainfall erosion of agricultural soils. However, from the perspective of soil internal forces, information about the reduction effects of the exogenous organic materials application on soil aggregate breakdown is scarce, especially in comparing the effects of different materials. In this study, weathered coal and biochar were individually applied to loamy clay soil at rates of 0 %, 1 %, 2 %, and 3 % (w/w). Soil internal forces, aggregate breakdown strength, and splash erosion rate of different amended soils were then examined after four years. The results showed that compared with unamended soils (0 %), both weathered coal and biochar applications clearly increased the van der Waals attractive pressure and thus decreased the positive net pressure between soil particles. Additionally, these materials reduced soil aggregate breakdown strength and splash erosion rate. The application effects of the two materials were increased with their application rates. Under a lower electrolyte concentration in soil solution (0.0001 mol L), the aggregate breakdown strength in the soils amended with weathered coal was lower than that with biochar by 9.6 %, 23.2 %, and 17.7 % (when the diameter of broken aggregate was < 10 μm) and by 10.3 %, 20.8 %, and 17.5 % (when the diameter of broken aggregate was < 20 μm) at the 1 %, 2 %, and 3 % application rates, respectively ( < 0.05). Additionally, soils amended with weathered coal exhibited lower splash erosion rates compared to those amended with biochar, particularly at the higher application rate of 3 %. From the viewpoint of soil internal forces, weathered coal appears to be a suitable exogenous organic material for improving soil aggregate stability and anti-erosion ability during rainfall events. Our findings provide valuable insights into utilizing exogenous materials to improve soil resistance to rainfall splash erosion, assisting agricultural soil management in areas frequently affected by rainfall erosion.
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14. 题目: Size-dependent mobility of soil colloids and associated organic carbon loading capacity following stepwise decreases in redox potential

文章编号: N24073007
期刊: Geoderma
作者: Weila Li, Jing Yan, Mohammad Zafar Afsar, Yan Jin
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Release and transport of organic carbon (OC), a large portion of which is complexed with mineral colloids, can lead to long-term C sequestration. However, the role of mobile colloids in carbon cycling is not well understood. In this study, we conducted experiments using syringe columns to measure size-dependent colloid mobility and associated OC loadings under stepwise reductions of redox potential, representing existence of different electron acceptors. Colloids were extracted from both leachate and soil samples, designated as leachate colloids and soil colloids, respectively, and fractionated into different sizes: particulates (450–1000 nm), fine colloids (100–450 nm) and nano colloids (2–100 nm) using sequential centrifugation and ultrafiltration techniques. Increases in leachate solution pH and ionic strength (IS) with decreasing redox potential promoted colloid release, as indicated in the increase in turbidity values, due to increased electrostatic repulsion between colloids and soil matrix. The average OC loading by colloids, i.e., the amount of OC associated with per unit mass of colloids, in leachate colloids was up to four times that of soil colloids for the same size fraction. In addition, fine colloids had ∼2 times higher OC loading (∼0.4 mg C mg colloids) than particulates (∼0.2 mg C mg colloid) for leachate colloids. Moreover, measurements of C:N ratio and the natural abundance of stable δC and δN isotope signatures of soil colloids showed that the fine-colloid fraction experienced more significant fluctuations in these measurements as redox potential decreased than the other two fractions (i.e., particulates and nano colloids). The results of this study demonstrated that OC loading, composition and reactivity all varied with size and strongly influenced by redox conditions. This knowledge can help improve the understanding of how different phases of OC, e.g., dissolved vs. colloidal OC, may impact C sequestration and transport in soils.
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15. 题目: Precipitation patterns impact soil aggregates and organic carbon of an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

文章编号: N24073006
期刊: Catena
作者: Qian-Wei Li, Xiao-Ya Zhang, Jun-Qin Gao, Riikka Rinnan, Yi Jiao, Jin-Feng Liang, Fei-Hai Yu
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Global climate change is predicted to influence both precipitation amount and frequency in many regions. However, little is known about how precipitation changes affect soil aggregates and soil organic carbon (SOC) in alpine wetlands. Plots of an alpine wetland on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau were subjected to two precipitation frequencies (high vs. low, i.e., 1 and 3 times of nature rainfall intervals) crossed with two precipitation amounts (high vs. low, i.e., 100 % and 70 % of the amount of natural rainfall). Two years later, we investigated changes of soil aggregates (silt + clay, < 53 μm; microaggregates, 53∼250 μm; and macroaggregates, >250 μm) and SOC in three soil depths, i.e., 0–15 cm, 15–30 cm and 30–50 cm. Averaged across the three soil depths, the content of SOC and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the simulated natural precipitation (high amount, high frequency treatment) were 127.22 g kg and 0.19 g kg, respectively. Reducing precipitation amount or frequency led to a 19.6 %-26.2 % increase in SOC, and 28.7 %-44.4 % increase in DOC. Microbial biomass carbon in natural precipitation was 1.33 g kg across the three soil depths, and its response to precipitation varied with soil depths. The fraction of macroaggregates in the 0–15 cm soil depth was 63.5 % in the simulated natural precipitation treatment, and decreased by 18.6 %–21.9 % in response to reduced precipitation amount or frequency. Aggregate fractions in the 15–30 cm soil depth did not respond significantly to the changes of precipitation patterns. Reducing precipitation frequency or amount decreased the contribution of macroaggregate-associated organic carbon to SOC compared to the simulated natural precipitation, but increased the contribution of microaggregate-associated organic carbon, especially in the 0–15 cm soil depth. Structural equation models revealed that SOC was regulated by soil aggregate composition and microbial biomass carbon. The buffering of the surface soil weakened the effects of precipitation changes on aggregates and aggregate-associated organic carbon in the deep soil. These results suggest that reducing precipitation frequency or amount can decrease the fraction of macroaggregates in the surface soil, and weaken the physical protection of macroaggregates for SOC. Thus, changes in precipitation patterns may have a significant impact on SOC storage and stability in alpine wetlands through their influence on soil aggregate composition.
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16. 题目: Impact of water level management on organic carbon availability and nitrogen transformations in wetland sediments

文章编号: N24073005
期刊: Science of the Total Environment
作者: Jérôme Morelle, Edith Parlanti, Thomas Lecarpentier, Anniet M Laverman
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: The impact of water level management via water retention on benthic carbon and nitrogen fluxes was studied in a wetland of the Seine estuary. Carbon and inorganic nitrogen fluxes at the sediment-water interface were determined during periods of intermittent and permanent immersion along a lateral gradient. In addition to fluxes, nitrate reduction rates, quantity and quality of both sedimentary and dissolved organic carbon, and organic matter lability via external enzymatic activities were analyzed. During both periods, the sediments subject to water level management facilitated nitrogen removal, with potential NO fluxes averaging −109 ± 31 nmol NO cm h under permanent immersion and −34 ± 13 nmol NO cm h under intermittent immersion. During permanent immersion, more water retention favors a higher input of dissolved organic matter including fresh and labile compounds, which most likely explained the significantly higher NO influxes. Intermittent immersion resulted in a lower quantity of retained dissolved organic matter, which likely explains the low N fluxes. The results of this study indicate the implementation of water retention strategies can markedly enhance NO removal by increasing the availability of organic matter. This underscores the importance of considering water-level management of wetlands to sustain the ecological functions of these valuable ecosystems, which are often the first barriers against environmental disturbance.
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17. 题目: Roles of quorum-sensing molecules in methane production from anaerobic digestion aided by biochar

文章编号: N24073004
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Ai-Hua Li, Bao-Cai Zhang, Zhang-Wei He, Cong-Cong Tang, Ai-Juan Zhou, Yong-Xiang Ren, Zhihua Li, Aijie Wang, Wenzong Liu
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Biochar has been used to enhance methane generation from anaerobic digestion through establishing direct interspecific electron transfer between microorganisms. However, the microbial communication is still inadequate, thereby limiting further methane production improvement contributed by biochar. This study investigated the roles of quorum-sensing molecules, acylated homoserine lactone (AHL), in anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge aided by biochar. Results showed that the co-addition of separated biochar and AHL achieved best methane production performance, with the maximal methane yield of 154.7 mL/g volatile suspended solids, which increased by 51.9%, 47.2%, 17.9%, and 39.4% respectively compared to that of control, AHL-loaded biochar, sole AHL, and sole biochar groups. The reason was that the co-addition of separated biochar and AHL promoted the stages of hydrolysis and acidification, promoting the conversion of organic matters and short-chain fatty acids, and optimizing the accumulation of acetate acid. Moreover, the methanogenesis stage also performed best among experimental groups. Correspondingly, the highest activities of electron transfer and coenzyme F420 were obtained, with increase ratios of 33.2% and 27.2% respectively compared to that of control. Furthermore, biochar did more significant effects on the evolution of microbial communities than AHL, and the direct interspecific electron transfer between fermentative bacteria and methanogens were possibly promoted.
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18. 题目: Insights into the photoreactivity mechanisms of micro-sized rubber particles with different structure: The crucial role of reactive oxygen species and released dissolved organic matter

文章编号: N24073003
期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
作者: Rui Ding, Zhuozhi Ouyang, Pingshu Dong, Tianyuan Su, Jingzhen Wang, Xuetao Guo
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Micro-sized rubber particles (MRPs), as a significant component of tire wear particles (TWPs), increasingly garnered attention due to the potential ecological risks. However, the impact of photoaging of MRPs and the characteristics of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) derived from MRPs on the photoreactivity of co-existing pollutants is remain unclear. To bridge this knowledge gap, this study selected MRPs with different structure including butadiene rubber (BR), styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) and took tetracycline (TC) as the target pollutant to firstly study potential effects of structural characteristics and active components of MRPs on TC photodegradation process under simulated sunlight irradiation. The results indicated that BR, NBR and SBR enhanced TC photodegradation to varying extents, with SBR having the most pronounced effect. This effect was attributed mainly to the high electron transport capacity and the generation of more triple excited DOM (DOM*) of SBR, thereby producing more active species (•OH and O) and significantly promoting TC photodegradation. Additionally, the unsaturated bonds and aromatic groups in MRPs-DOM was identified as another crucial factor influencing their photoreactivity. This study will provide a new perspective for understanding the potential ecological effects between MRPs and co-existing pollutants in the natural environment.
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19. 题目: Açai seed biochar improves soil quality and black pepper seedling development in the Amazon region

文章编号: N24073002
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Moises de Souza Mendonça, Wanderley José de Melo, Gabriel Maurício Peruca de Melo, Liandra Maria Abaker Bertipaglia, Ademir Sergio Ferreira Araujo, Iolanda Maria Soares Reis, Sandra Mara Barbosa Rocha, Thiago Assis Rodrigues Nogueira, Cassio Hamilton Abreu-Junior, Arun Dilipkumar Jani
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: Sustainable management of the Amazon rainforest is fundamental for supporting life on earth because of its crucial role in sequestering carbon. One of the species grown in the forest is açaí (), which is an important food and income source for its inhabitant. The acai seed, resulting from the processing of the fruit, is a solid organic residue, which has been an agent of undesirable environmental impacts such as natural landscape modifications, clogging sewers and water courses, eutrophication of surface waters. In this research, we evaluated the use of wood chips as a source of energy in a rustic oven to produce acai biochar so that family farmers carry out sustainable management of the residue and use biochar to improve soil quality and produce seedlings of native plants to regenerate degraded forests. The experiment was conducted in Pará, Brazil, Amazon region, using a randomized complete block design. A factorial treatment structure was implemented consisting of four biochar particle sizes (3, 5, 7, and 12 mm), 4 application rates (4, 8, 16, and 32 t ha), and a biochar-free control, with 5 replications. The results showed that the methodology for biochar production was easy to apply and low cost, allowing its use by family farmers. The combination of biochar rate and particle size affected soil properties and the development of black pepper seedlings in different ways. The soil properties affected were water retention capacity, moisture, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis and arylsulphatase activity. The growth parameters of the affected black pepper seedlings were height and root system development.
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20. 题目: Characteristics of nutrients and heavy metals release from sewage sludge biochar produced by industrial-scale pyrolysis in the aquatic environment and its potential as a slow-release fertilizer and adsorbent

文章编号: N24073001
期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
作者: Chunzhong Wei, Liheng Liu, Wei Yi, Ronghao Yu, Yufeng Xu, Si Zeng
更新时间: 2024-07-30
摘要: To assess the application potential of sewage sludge biochar produced by industrial-scale pyrolysis (ISB), the release characteristics of nutrients (NH, PO, K, Ca, Mg and Fe) and heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni and Cr) were investigated. Their release amounts increased with decreasing initial pH and increasing solid-liquid ratios () and temperature. The release types of NH, K, Mg, and Mn were diffusion/dissolution, while those of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Cr were diffusion/resorption. The release types of PO and Ca varied with initial pH and , respectively. The chemical actions played dominant roles in their release, while particle surface diffusion and liquid film diffusion determined the rates of diffusion and resorption phases, respectively. The release of NH, PO, K, Ca, Mg, Mn and Zn was a non-interfering, spontaneous (except PO), endothermic, and elevated randomness process. The release efficiency of NH, PO and K met the Chinese standard for slow-release fertilizers, while the total risk of ISB was low. The eutrophication and potential ecological risks of ISB were acceptable when the dose was less than 3 g L and the initial pH was no lower than 3. In conclusion, ISB had potential as a slow-release fertilizer and adsorbent.
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