是骡子是马
拉出来遛遛
2024年9月7日Bulgarianmilitary报道：大毛坦克生产商Uralvagonzavod 为俄罗斯推出新一批 T-90M 坦克。
Uralvagonzavod rolls out new batch of T-90M tanks for Russia
最近，一批新的T-90 Proryv坦克从乌拉尔瓦贡扎沃德Uralvagonzavod被发往俄罗斯军队，现在已经准备好投入使用。该公司证实了这一交付，俄罗斯国家电视频道 Russia 1 也报道了该坦克的生产过程。
A fresh batch of T-90 Proryv tanks, now ready for action, was recently dispatched to the Russian army from Uralvagonzavod. This delivery was confirmed by the company, with Russia’s state television channel Russia 1 highlighting the tank’s production process.
自两毛冲突开始以来，多批 T-90M 坦克已运抵俄罗斯军队。到 2023 年 1 月，俄罗斯首屈一指的坦克生产商 Uralvagonzavod UVZ 自豪地宣布了其生产线的不间断运行和交付的成功。
Since the conflict in Ukraine began, multiple shipments of T-90M tanks have reached the Russian forces. By January 2023, Uralvagonzavod [UVZ], Russia’s premier tank producer, proudly announced several successful deliveries, with production lines operating non-stop.
报告显示，UVZ 已成功交付至少三份重要的 T-90M 坦克合同，最近的一批于 2024 年 8 月 6 日抵达。虽然具体数字仍不确定，但估计表明，自冲突爆发以来，已经生产和交付了 200 多辆 T-90M 坦克。
Reports suggest that UVZ has successfully delivered at least three significant contracts for T-90M tanks, with the most recent shipments arriving by August 6, 2024. While specific numbers remain uncertain, estimates indicate that over 200 T-90M tanks have been produced and delivered since the conflict’s onset.
西方军事专家对 T-90M 在乌克兰冲突中的表现提出了不同的看法。迈克尔·派克 Michael Peck 评论了这种坦克的实力，并指出：“T-90M Proryv 似乎令人印象深刻，但俄罗斯坦克在实际用于战斗之前，总是看起来不错。这凸显了人们对坦克在现实世界中的有效性的反复怀疑——尽管它具有先进的功能。
Western military experts present a mixed bag of opinions on the T-90M’s performance in the Ukraine conflict. Michael Peck remarked on the tank’s supposed prowess, noting,“The T-90M Proryv seems impressive, but Russian tanks always look good until they are actually used in combat.” This underscores a recurring doubt about the tank’s real-world effectiveness despite its advanced features.
玛雅·卡林 Maya Carlin观察到，尽管 T-90 是为了对抗北约的现代坦克而制造的，但“T-90 在乌克兰的表现不佳，凸显了俄罗斯军事战略和技术的缺陷。这表明俄罗斯装甲战车在冲突中的整体有效性存在更大的问题。
Maya Carlin observed that, despite being built to counter NATO’s modern tanks,“the T-90 has had a rough performance in Ukraine, highlighting flaws in Russian military strategy and technology.” This points to a larger issue with the overall effectiveness of Russian armor in the conflict.
她还强调，T-90M“没有达到克里姆林宫对其在战场上的期望”，并指出这些坦克中有相当一部分已被乌克兰军队俘虏或摧毁。这一现实严重损害了他们作为强大装甲部队的形象。
She also highlighted that the T-90M“hasn’t lived up to the Kremlin’s expectations in Ukraine,” noting that a significant number of these tanks have been either captured or destroyed by Ukrainian forces. This reality seriously damages their image as a powerful armored force.
而（前参联会主席）马克·米利 Mark Milley将军评论说，“俄罗斯装甲编队在乌克兰被摧毁了”，间接地将 T-90M 包括在面临重大损失的坦克中。
General Mark Milley remarked that“Russian armored formations have been decimated in Ukraine,” indirectly including the T-90M among the tanks that have faced substantial losses.
这些见解为T-90M的性能提供了批判性的观点，这意味着尽管技术取得了进步，但该坦克在乌克兰的作战环境中仍面临重大挑战。
These insights offer a critical view of the T-90M’s performance, implying that despite its technological advancements, the tank has faced significant challenges in the operational environment of Ukraine.
西方专家在很大程度上同意俄罗斯同行的观点，考虑到围绕乌克兰战争的地缘政治紧张局势以及双方的宣传，这种观点并不奇怪。
Western experts largely agree with their Russian counterparts, a sentiment that’s unsurprising given the geopolitical tension surrounding the war in Ukraine and the propaganda that flows from both sides.
2023 年，俄罗斯总统弗拉基米尔·普京Vladimir Putin赞扬了 T-90M 的优点，断言：“T-90 毫不夸张地说是世界上最好的坦克。我们的坦克驾驶员和敌人都认为——它是世界上最好的。”
In 2023, Russian President Vladimir Putin extolled the virtues of the T-90M, asserting,“The T-90 is the best tank in the world without any exaggeration. Both our tankers and the enemy recognize it as the best in the world.”
Dylan Malyasov 指出，T-90M 配备了先进的功能，如综合保护系统和最先进的火控系统。与此同时，Peter Suchu 强调了该坦克的升级能力，包括其发射反坦克导弹的能力和增强的防御机制。他强调，这些现代化改造极大地促进了坦克在战场上的强大声誉。
T-90M的KLINA火控系统
The T-90M is equipped with the Kalina firing control system.
Dylan Malyasov points out that the T-90M is equipped with advanced features like a comprehensive protection system and a state-of-the-art fire control system. Meanwhile, Peter Suchu highlights the tank’s upgraded capabilities, including its ability to launch anti-tank guided missiles and enhanced defensive mechanisms. He emphasizes that these modernizations significantly contribute to the tank’s formidable reputation on the battlefield.
据报道，到 2024 年 9 月，乌克兰军队已在持续的冲突中成功摧毁了 100 多辆 T-90M 坦克。这包括 53 辆经目测确认已被摧毁的坦克，其他单位可能已损坏或废弃。
By September 2024, Ukrainian forces have reportedly managed to take out over 100 T-90M tanks amid the ongoing conflict. This includes 53 tanks that have been visually confirmed as destroyed, with additional units potentially damaged or abandoned.
T-90M 是 T-90 坦克系列中最先进的改型之一，是俄罗斯装甲部队的关键装备。这款主战坦克将尖端技术与其前辈久经考验的耐用性相结合，是任何战场上的关键资产。
The T-90M stands as one of the most advanced variants in the T-90 tank series and serves as a pivotal element in the Russian armored forces. Blending cutting-edge technology with the time-tested durability of its predecessors, this main battle tank is a key asset on any battlefield.
坦克的主要武器是一门 125 毫米滑膛炮，用途广泛，足以发射制导导弹、穿甲弹和高爆弹。先进的火控系统进一步增强了这种强大的武器，配备了全景瞄准具和热成像，可以白天或黑夜有效地与目标交战。即使在具有挑战性的条件下，也能显著提高目标捕获和准确性。
The tank’s primary weapon is a 125mm smoothbore gun, versatile enough to fire guided missiles, armor-piercing rounds, and high-explosive shells. This powerful armament is further enhanced by an advanced fire control system, which significantly improves target acquisition and accuracy, even under challenging conditions...modernized with a panoramic sight and thermal imaging, allowing for effective engagement of targets day or night.
T-90M 坦克配备了多功能武器，包括一挺 7.62 毫米 PKT 同轴机枪和一挺 12.7 毫米 NSVT 高射机枪。这些武器提供了有效的交战选择，可以对抗步兵和低空飞行的威胁。
The T-90M tank is armed with a versatile arsenal, including a 7.62mm PKT coaxial machine gun and a 12.7mm NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun. These weapons provide effective engagement options against both infantry and low-flying threats.
在机动性方面，T-90M 配备了 V-92S2 柴油发动机，约 1,000 马力(兵器迷注：另一说1130马力）。这种发动机使坦克在公路上可以达到大约 60 公里/小时 （37 英里/小时） 的速度，在越野时可以达到接近 40 公里/小时 （25 英里/小时）的速度。
Regarding mobility, the T-90M is equipped with a V-92S2 diesel engine that produces about 1,000 horsepower. This robust engine allows the tank to reach speeds of roughly 60 km/h [37 mph] on roads and close to 40 km/h [25 mph] off-road.
T-90M 坦克提供令人印象深刻的射程，在平坦地形上行程最远 550 公里（342 英里）。这为其提供了极大的作战灵活性。底盘专为导航各种地形而设计，具有扭杆悬架系统，可提高稳定性和机动性。
The T-90M tank offers impressive range, covering up to 550 kilometers [342 miles] on flat terrain. This gives it substantial operational flexibility. The chassis is built to navigate various types of terrain, featuring a torsion-bar suspension system that boosts both stability and maneuverability.
T-90M 最显着的属性之一是它的装甲保护。它结合了复合装甲和爆反装甲，炮塔受到 Relikt 爆炸反应装甲 （ERA） 的保护,大大提高了其对抗当代反坦克威胁的生存能力。该坦克还配备了 Arena 主动保护系统，可检测并对抗来袭的弹丸，包括穿甲弹和高爆反坦克导弹,从而显着加强其防御措施。
One of the T-90M’s most notable attributes is its armor protection.Its turret is also protected by Relikt explosive reactive armor (ERA). It incorporates composite armor paired with reactive armor elements, substantially increasing its survivability against contemporary anti-tank threats. The tank is also fitted with the Arena active protection system, which detects and neutralizes incoming projectiles, significantly strengthening its defensive measures. including armor-piercing rounds and high-explosive anti-tank missiles.
“Relikt” 是在大毛开发的升级版爆炸反应装甲 （ERA），以取代之前的 Kontakt-5 ERA。反应装甲是一种装甲，它会在导弹或火箭推进手榴弹等武器的冲击下爆炸，从而降低武器的有效性。据说，与老一代反应装甲相比，“Relikt”可以针对更广泛的威胁提供卓越的保护。它旨在对抗串联装药战斗部——这些战斗部专为击败反应装甲而设计——Relikt使T-90M成为对抗现代反坦克导弹的高效防御手段。
The "Relikt" is an upgraded explosive reactive armor (ERA) developed in Russia to replace the previous Kontakt-5 ERA. Reactive armor is a type of armor that explodes in reaction to the impact of a weapon, such as a missile or a rocket-propelled grenade, thereby reducing the weapon's effectiveness. The "Relikt" is said to provide superior protection against a wider range of threats compared to older generations of reactive armor. It's designed to counter tandem-charge warheads, which are specifically designed to defeat reactive armor, making it a highly effective defense against modern anti-tank missiles.
T-90M 配备了用于部署多光谱烟幕的自动化系统。该系统是一种额外的防御机制，旨在保护坦克免受激光制导导弹的攻击。通过制造烟幕，坦克可以破坏来袭导弹的激光制导，使它们偏离目标，并为坦克提供机动远离威胁的机会
T-90M is equipped with an automated system for deploying multispectral smoke screens. This system is an additional defensive mechanism designed to protect the tank from laser-guided missiles. By creating a smoke screen, the tank can disrupt the laser guidance of incoming missiles, diverting them from their targets and providing the tank with an opportunity to maneuver away from the threat.
该坦克降低了对敌军的能见度，使其更难被发现和瞄准。With cutting-edge technologies, the tank reduces its visibility to enemy forces, making it harder to detect and target.
最重要的是，T-90M 配备了先进的电子系统，包括最先进的通信和导航技术。这些增强功能提高了态势感知并简化了战场协调。
On top of that, the T-90M is equipped with advanced electronic systems, including state-of-the-art communication and navigation technology. These enhancements improve situational awareness and streamline battlefield coordination.
T-90M的成败，乃至任何武器的成败，不取决于媒体和政治家，而取决于士兵和战场。用咱们的老话说——
是骡子是马，拉出来遛遛！
