新概念第二册

Lesson 53 Hot snake 触电的蛇

【课程动画】

【教学视频】

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生词及短语

Lesson 53

1 hot [hɔt]a.带电的，充电的

2 fireman [ faiəmən] n.消防队员

3 cause [kɔ:z]v.引起 n.原因

4 examine[ig zæmin] v.检查

5a ccidentally  [ˌæksi dentəli]ad.意外地,偶然地

6 remains[ri meinz] n.尸体，残骸

7 wire[ waiə]n.电线

8 volt[vəult]n.伏特(电压单位)

9 power line电力线

10 solve [sɔlv]v.解决

11 mystery[ mistəri] n.谜

12 snatch[snætʃ] v.抓住

13 spark [spɑ:k]n.电火花

1 Throw to，Throw at and Throw away

throw作及物动词主要含义为“投，掷，抛，扔”。

throw to (sb.)     扔给（某人）

He threw the ball to me and I caught it.

throw at     对准某一目标扔

The boy threw a stone at the window and broke it.

throw away     扔掉，丢弃

Many people throw away cigarette ends carelessly.

2 Cause and Reason

cause   

① n. 原因，起因； 

Do you know the cause of the war?

What was the cause of the delay?

② v. 使……产生/发生，引起

cause sth.    导致, 引起

What caused the accident?

cause sb. to do sth.     导致某人做某事

reason   

① n. 理由，原因

Give me your reasons for going there.

What was the reason for the delay?

作“原因”讲时，reason与cause可以互换，但reason与介词for连用；而cause则与介词of连用。

reason后面通常跟why引导的从句：

That was the reason why the meeting was put off.

② v. 推理，劝导，说服

reason with sb.    劝说(以道理)

How can you reason with him when he is so worried?

3 Drop and Fall

drop      vi.&vt. （使）掉下，（使）落下，放下（强调的是不小心掉下来）

As he walked past the tree, an apple dropped from it.

The waiter dropped a fork.

fall      vi. 落下，（雨、雪）下，降，跌倒，摔倒（强调的是掉下来的概念, 动作）

 I fell and hurt myself.

 When leaves fall in autumn, I’ll come back.

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课文解析

1、Hot snake

hot snake   触电的蛇

get a electric shock   触电

2、At last firemen have put out a big forest fire in California.

at last    最后，终于

put out a fire      扑灭火（put out扑灭，熄灭，关掉）

  Please put the light/fire out.

a fire     一场(堆)火

3、Since then, they have been trying to find out how the fire began.

since then    从那时起，到现在为止

find out  （经过研究、努力等）找出，发现，查出……（这里find out的宾语是个从句）

I’ll try and find out the name of the person who saved my life yesterday.

4、Forest fires are often caused by broken glass or by cigarette ends which people carelessly throw away.

broken glass      被打碎的玻璃片

cigarette ends    烟头

5、They were also quite sure that a cigarette end did not start the fire.

be able to 能够 ；be not able to 没有能够

be sure that      对……很有把握；quite sure  相当的把握性

rather    adv. 相当

fairly adv. 相当, 公正地, 诚实地

quite(＝completely)－>rather－>fairly      程度一个比一个轻

quite a few    颇有几个(相当多的)

start a fire＝cause a fire  （start   vt. 使……发生，引起）

6、This morning, however, a firemen accidentally discovered the cause.

accidentally =by chance    偶然地

discover本身含有偶然发现（某个已经存在的东西）的含义

I don’t know who discovered America.

7、He noticed the remains of a snake which was wound round the electric wires of a 16,000-volt power line.

notice   注意别人没注意的东西

the remains表示“尸体，残骸”，必须用复数形式：

The villagers were surprised to see the remains of an aeroplane near the lake.

16,000-volt power line    连字符“-” 一旦加在两个词之间, 这个词之间就失去了加复数的资格, 能够加连字符的概念一定是做定语

★wind   vt. 缠绕，卷在……上；盘旋，蜿蜒

① vt. 缠绕，卷在……上（常与around/round连用）

Did you wind this piece of wire round the tree?

② vt. 蜿蜒，盘旋

wind one s way    蜿蜒而行   

8、In this way, he was able to solve the mystery.

in this way   就这样

9、A bird had snatched up the snake from the ground and then dropped it on to the wires.

had done   先发生的事

drop  无意掉下去的

10、When it did so, it sent sparks down to the ground and these immediately started a fire.

do so     这么做

I refuse to do so.   我拒绝这么做

so常用于一些动词之后，代指前面提过的某个动作/某件事，以免重复

 I think/believe so.

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语法要点

一般过去时、现在完成时与现在完成进行时

一般过去时通常与一个表示确切的时间的状语连用，现在完成时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时不需要时间状语，而现在完成进行时则有时与表示一段时间的状语连用，有时与all+表示时间的名词连用。现在完成时与一般过去时中既可以用状态动词（表示存在、拥有、感情、思想、需求等的动词）也可以用行为动词，现在完成进行时则通常与行为动词连用。

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