为什么华为被美制裁，小米却没有?
文化
2024-10-06 05:22
中国
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Why is Huawei sanctioned by the United States, but Xiaomi is not? Aren' t they all Chinese technology companies?为什么华为被美国制裁，而小米却没有？他们不都是中国科技公司吗？Huawei and Xiaomi are both Chinese technology companies. This is true.But essentially, Huawei and Xiaomi are Chinese technology companies with completely different natures,so their treatment is also completely different.但从本质上讲，华为和小米是性质完全不同的中国科技公司，所以他们的待遇也完全不同。To accurately distinguish the differences between the two companies, we must start with the history of world globalization and the changing role of Chinese companies.要准确区分两家公司的区别，必须从世界全球化的历史和中国企业角色的变化入手。Before the 1980s, China was one of the poorest and backward countries in the world, almost isolated from the modern economy.在1980年代之前，中国是世界上最贫穷和最落后的国家之一，几乎与现代经济隔绝。When China opened its doors in the 1980s,the Western world discovered that this was such a special country.当中国在1980年代开门时，西方世界发现这是一个如此特殊的国家。It has a huge poor population, but most of them have basic education.它有大量的贫困人口，但他们中的大多数人都受过基础教育。It has a sound industrial foundation, but its technology is very backward.He has huge territory and rich resources.It has relatively complete infrastructure,including roads, railways and electricity.At this time,the West had just carried out the first round of globalized industrial transfer, moving low- profit,polluting and risky manufacturing industries to Asian countries such as South Korea, Indonesia, and Thailand.此时，西方刚刚进行第一轮全球化产业转移，将低利润、污染、高风险的制造业转移到韩国、印尼、泰国等。increase,salary levels increase rapidly and become less cheap.然而，这些国家的人口和规模有限，能力有限。随着行业的发展，工资水平迅速增加，变得不那么便宜。Moreover,the education level of the population in these countries is limited, the infrastructure is limited, and there are many restrictions.而且，这些国家人口的教育水平有限，基础设施有限，限制很多。At this time,China was like an endless pasture. No matter how many cows the cowboys threw in,it could quickly accommodate them.此时的中国就像一望无际的牧场。无论牛仔们投入多少奶牛，它都能迅速容纳它们。As a result,China quickly became the new continent for Western manufacturing.Throughout the 1990s and thne first decade of the 20th century, China was like a magnet attracting manufacturing industries from around the world,and countless companies developed in China.在整个1990年代和20世纪的第一个十年，中国就像一块磁铁，吸引着来自世界各地的制造业，无数公司在中国发展。They all follow the model of Western hope:Version 1.0 Chinese Company:Processing and Manufacturing1.Design,technology and standards provided by Western companies2.Western companies provide key components3.Chinese companies are responsible for cheap raw materials, cheap labor,and completion of assembly and production.3．中国公司负责廉价的原材料，廉价的劳动力，以及完成组装和生产。4. Western companies are responsible for salesIn this stage, Chinese companies shouldered the heaviest and hardest work, but could only obtain 10% of the profits, while Western companies took away 90% of the profits.在这个阶段，中国企业承担了最繁重、最艰苦的工作，但只能获得10％的利润，而西方企业则拿走了90％的利润。The Nike sneakers we wear, the French bags in women' s hands,and the various toys children play with are all products of this model.我们穿的耐克运动鞋，女人手中的法式包包，孩子们玩的各种玩具，都是这个模型的产物。The Chinese produce these things, but they cannot afford to consume them.Of course,although the profits of the Chinese are meager,the total amount is huge.Therefore,during this period, they achieved a large amount of wealth accumulation,and gradually accumulated knowledge and talents.当然，中国人的利润虽然微薄，但总额是巨大的。因此，在这一时期，他们实现了大量的财富积累，并逐渐积累了知识和人才。Some companies are beginning to try to enter a new stage.Version 2.0 Chinese company: independent productiontecnnologies and standaras tnrougn Joint ventures or introductions1．中国企业通过合资或引进的方式购买外观设计、技术和标准2. Western companies provide key components3. Chinese companies are responsible for cheap raw materials,cheap labor,and completion of assembly and production.3．中国公司负责廉价的原材料，廉价的劳动力，以及完成组装和生产。4.Chinese companies are responsible for local salesDuring this stage,the share of Chinese companies expanded. They got rid of the pure processing industry and began to focus on technology,trying to build their own brands and market capabilities.在这一阶段，中国公司的份额扩大了。他们摆脱了纯粹的加工业，开始专注于技术，试图建立自己的品牌和市场能力。However,during this period, the product quality of Chinese companies could not be compared with that of their foreign counterparts,and they mainly relied on low prices to compete in the local Chinese companies。然而，在这一时期，中国公司的产品质量无法与外国同行相比，他们主要依靠低廉的价格与当地的中国公司竞争。Their degree of autonomy has been greatly improved, but most of their profits are still taken away by Western companies through patent licensing and the import of key parts, and they can only compete in the Chinese market.There is no pressure on foreign counterparts.他们的自主程度大大提高，但他们的大部分利润仍然被西方公司通过专利许可和关键零部件进口带走，只能在中国市场竞争。对国外同行没有压力。Version 3.0 of Chinese companies: independent production,global competition1. Chinese companies solve most technical and quality problems through independent research and development2.Western companies provide key components3. Chinese companies are responsible for cheap raw materials, cheap labor, and completion of assembly and production.3．中国公司负责廉价的原材料，廉价的劳动力，以及完成组装和生产。4.Chinese companies are responsible for global salesAround 2010, Chinese companies grew further.They have more technologies and knowledge systems, and the quality of their products has also improved rapidly. began to threaten Western counterparts in the global market.Especially in the fields of household appliances, kitchen appliances, electronic products, mobile phones and other fields, it has achieved rapid success.2010年左右，中国企业进一步发展。他们拥有更多的技术和知识体系，产品质量也迅速提高。开始威胁全球市场上的西方同行。尤其在家用电器、厨房电器、电子产品、手机等领域，取得了迅捷的成功。China bègan to be lamous arouna the world and can be seen everywhere around us.Their low prices and high quality put traditional Western and Japanese brands to shame.他们掌握了产品的完整设计、制造和质量管理能力，树立了良好的品牌和口碑。在此期间，中国制造的产品开始闻名于世，在我们周围随处可见。它们的低价格和高品质让传统的西方和日本品牌感到羞愧。But they still have an Swelling of Achilles:key components and technologies are in the hands of their Western counterparts.For example,the Qualcomm chip and Android system of Xiaomi mobile phones; such as the Intel processor and WVindows system in Lenovo computers;但他们仍然有阿喀琉斯的膨胀：关键部件和技术掌握在西方同行手中。例如，小米手机的高通芯片和Android系统；如联想电脑中的英特尔处理器和Windows系统；Through control of these key technologies and components, the West still takes away most of the profits of these companies.通过控制这些关键技术和组件，西方仍然拿走了这些公司的大部分利润。Take Xiaomi mobile phone as an example. Its core processor comes from the United States, its memory comes from South Korea, its screen comes from South Korea and Japan,its camera comes from Japan, its key communication chips and sensors come from Europe and the United States,and even the tempered glass on the screen surfaceis a product of an American company..Chinese companies can only supply low-value accessories such as casings,speakers, and interfaces. According to media statistics,70% of the value of Xiaomi mobile phones comes from Western suppliers.以小米手机为例。它的核心处理器来自美国，它的内存来自韩国，它的屏幕来自韩国和日本，它的摄像头来自日本，它的关键通信芯片和传感器来自欧美，甚至屏幕表面的钢化玻璃都是美国公司的产品。.中国企业只能提供外壳、扬声器、接口等低价值配件。据媒体统计，小米手机价值的70％来自西方供应商。Therefore,although Xiaomi has squeezed out the share of traditional peers such as Nokia,Ericsson, and Sony, for every mobile phone it sells, Western companies make the most profit, and the Chinese still take away a small part.因此，尽管小米已经挤出了诺基亚、爱立信、索尼等传统同行的份额，但每卖出一部手机，西方公司利润最大，中国人还是拿走了一小部分。Version 4.0 Chinese companies: disruptors1.Chinese companies master core technologies and solve all problems2.Chinese companies provide key parts themselves3.Chinese companies are responsible for cheap raw materials, cheap labor,and completion of assembly and production.3．中国公司负责廉价的原材料，廉价的劳动力，以及完成组装和生产。4. Chinese companies are responsible for global salesAfter entering 2015,some Chinese companies have grown further. They began to get involved in core semiconductors,operating systems, precision sensors, databases and artificial intelligence algorithms. It began to seize the most profitable industrialization in the world and the last economic position of Western developed countries.进入2015年后，一些中国企业进一步发展壮大。他们开始涉足核心半导体、操作系统、精密传感器、数据库和人工智能算法。它开始夺取世界上最有利可图的工业化和西方发达国家的最后经济地位。Huawei, DJI, Hikvision and other companies are representatives of this stage (They have all the features of a 3.0 enterprise and are beginning to replace Western suppliers. Not only do they make excellent products, but they also use core components and basic software developed entirely by themselves.They intend to completely take away the fattest piece of meat in the mouths of Western companies.他们具有3.0企业的所有功能，并开始取代西方供应商。他们不仅制造优秀的产品，而且还使用完全由自己开发的核心组件和基础软件。他们打算彻底夺走西方公司嘴里最肥的一块肉。Before Huawei was sanctioned by the United States, it had surpassed Samsung and Apple to become the world's largest mobile phone manufacturer. It is completely different from Xiaomi.Almost all the core components of Huawei's mobile phones are provided by Chinese companies, and they have even begun to develop basic operating systems in order to kick Google out. In the field of communications, it holds the most 5G patents in the world and develops all high-value semiconductors and antennas on its own.在华为被美国制裁之前，它已经超越三星和苹果，成为全球最大的手机制造商。它与小米完全不同。华为手机的核心部件几乎全部由中国企业提供，他们甚至开始开发基本的操作系统，以便将谷歌踢出局。在通信领域，拥有全球最多的5G专利，自主研发所有高价值半导体和天线。The essence of the above 3 versions of Chinese enterprises,1.0,2.0 and 3.0, is the same.以上3个版本的中国企业1.0、2.0、3.0的本质是一样的。In the chain of globalization, Western companies take the best parts of food,and Chinese companies get the remaining food scraps.The difference between 1.0 and 3.0 is just the amount of residue obtained.在全球化的链条中，西方公司拿走了食物中最好的部分，而中国公司则拿走了剩下的食物残渣。1.0和3.0之间的差异只是获得的残留量。Therefore,whether it is Lenovo or Xiaomi, although they are technology companies from China,their positioning is within the scope of this rule and is allowed by the West.因此，无论是联想还是小米，虽然都是来自中国的科技公司，但它们的定位都在这条规则的范围内，是西方允许的。But 4.0 Chinese companies are different.They are trying to subvert the rules of the game that have existed for decades.但4.0的中国企业就不同了。他们正试图颠覆已经存在了几十年的游戏规则。They still embrace globalization, but they think,why are companies from Western developed countries always at the top of the food chain?他们仍然拥抱全球化，但他们认为，为什么西方发达国家的公司总是处于食物链的顶端？This involves the issue of economic competition between developed and developing countries.Why do Westerners enjoy the most vacations,the best benefits,and the highest salaries and rewards? And people in developing countries work hard and overtime, but can only get meager pay and struggle to feed their families? Are people in developed countries inherently smarter and harder-working? The Chinese believe that this is not the case and that something is wrong with the rules.为什么西方人享受最多的假期、最好的福利、最高的薪水和奖励？而发展中国家的人们辛勤工作，加班加点，却只能拿到微薄的工资，挣扎着养家糊口？发达国家的人天生就更聪明、更勤奋吗？中国人认为事实并非如此，规则有问题。Chinese companies like Huawei are determined to subvert this rule.In the end, their appearance caused tension in Western countries: the subversives have occupied the entire country, their athletes have come to the king's castle, and Huawei is the champion at the forefront.最终，他们的出现引起了西方国家的紧张：颠覆者占领了整个国家，他们的运动员来到了国王的城堡，华为是走在最前线的冠军。Kings and nobles discovered that they could no longer defeat the subversives through "civilized rules." How can he maintain a comfortable life in his castle and continue to rule and plunder the entire world in the future? The behavior of subversives must not be allowed!国王和贵族发现，他们再也无法通过“文明规则”来打败颠覆者。他怎么能在自己的城堡里维持舒适的生活，将来继续统治和掠夺整个世界？颠覆分子的行为是绝对不能允许的！So they shouted:They are thieves,liars,and traitors, don't believe them!于是他们大喊：他们是小偷、骗子、叛徒，不要相信他们！While silently picking up the gun in his hand, he aimed at the one running at the front.他一边默默地拿起手中的枪，一边瞄准了跑在前面的那个人。
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