小学英语四大时态,小升初前必须掌握!

教育   2024-11-22 17:31   陕西  
时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴,小学英语主要是如下的四大时态:一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。
这里帮大家整理总结了小学英语四种时态的用法,希望大家可以熟练掌握。


一般现在时


主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。


句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday , in the morning;句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes


组成
1.主语+be+名词(形容词)


I am a student.      

He is tall.


否定句:在be 后加not

I am not a student.     

He is not tall.


疑问句:be 动词提前到第一位。

Are you a student?      

Yes,I am./No,I am not. 


Is he tall?

Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.


组成
2.主语+动词+地点+时间


We go to school on Monday.

He goes to the park on Sunday.


否定句:主语+don’t/doesn’t’t+动词原形+地点+时间 

We don’t go to school on Monday.

He doesn’t go to the park on Sunday.


疑问句:在句首加do或does

Do you go to school on Monday?  

Yes, we do./ No, we don’t.


Does he go to the park on Sunday?  

Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.

动词第三人称单数变化

1. 在原单词末尾加s , 如:like – likes

2. 单词以o, sh, ch, s, x 结尾加es, 如:go – goes

3. 单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去y加ies 如:study- studies


现在进行时


主要叙述正在发生的事情。

句末常出现now;句首常出现look, listen。


组成
主语+be +动词ing形式


I am reading English.

They are swimming.

He is playing football.


否定句:在be后加not

I am not reading English.

They are not swimming.

He is not playing football.


疑问句:将be 放到第一位。

Are you reading English?  

Yes, I am./ No, I am not.


Are they swimming?       

Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.


Is he playing football?    

Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

动词变ing形式

1.在动词末尾加ing. 如:play- playing

2. 末尾有e,要去e加ing. 如:ride – riding

3. 末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾,双写末尾的辅音字母.如:swim-swimming



一般过去时


主要描述过去发生的事情。

句末常出现last night/week/Monday/year, yesterday, ago


组成
主语+动词过去式


I was a pilot.

They were busy.

He went to the market.


否定句:在be后加not,在普通动词前加didn’t 动词恢复原形。

I was not a pilot.

They were not busy.

He didn’t go to the market.


疑问句:提前be 动词或在句前加did

Were you a pilot?  

Yes, I was./ No, I wasn’t.


Were they busy?   

Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t.


Did they go to the market?  

Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

动词变过去式

1. 在末尾加ed或d 如:play-played、like-liked

2. 辅音加y,结尾去y加ied.如:study-studied

3. 辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed.如:stop-stopped


一般将来时


主要描述将来要发生的事情。


句末常出现next Monday/week/ year, tomorrow


组成
1.主语+be going to +动词原形


I am going to visit Ann.

They are going to draw a dog.

She is going to ride a horse.


否定句:在be后加not

I am not going to visit Ann.

They are not going to draw a dog.

She is going to ride a horse.


疑问句:将be提前

Are you going to visit Ann?   

Yes, I am. / No, I am not.


Are they going to draw a dog?   

Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.


Is she going to ride a horse?      

Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.


组成
2.主语+will+动词原形


I will go to the library.

They will clean the house.

She will eat breakfast at home.


否定句:在will 后加not 或将will not 写为won’t

I will not go to the library.

They will not clean the house.

She will mot eat breakfast at home.


疑问句:将will 提前

Will you go to the library?  

Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.


Will they clean the house?    

Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.


Will she eat breakfast at home?   

Yes, she will. /No, she won’t.


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