1. 体裁解读
议论文是针对某个问题或某个事件进行分析、评论，表明自己的观点、立场、态度、看法和主张的一种文体。议论文三要素是论点、论据、论证。 1. 论点：即要阐述或议论的中心。 2. 论据：即支持观点的依据。
3. 论证：即通过—定的方法，比如摆事实、讲道理等证明观点。
2. 写作攻略
初中生在写议论文时要首先考虑自己的观点是什么，明确观点后要围绕观点进行论证，最后再进行总结。议论文在写作手法上以议论为主，但有时也要运用说明、叙述、描写等手法。初中议论文的写作格式一般为三段式：开头、主体和结尾。一般写作步骤如下： 第一步：确定主题，引出论点；
第二步：通过摆事实、讲道理来支持自己的观点。所用的事实、原因、理由应紧密地同结论联系在一起；
第三步：得出结论。要简明扼要、回扣全文。注意：大部分的议论文采取总分总的议论模式，但是过渡句的使用要恰到好处，使文章衔接自然。
◆主题归纳
【常用词汇】 1. 表示观点：agree with, be in favor of, support, approve, be in agreement, be against … 2. 表示数量：a great many, a member of, thousands of, a quarter of, some, a little, a few, several … 3. 表示评价：be bad / good for, speak highly of, be proud of / take pride in … 4. 表示顺序：first of all, then, second, third, at last … 5. 表示并列、对比关系：and, as well as, also, besides, in addition, what’s more, on the other hand … 【常用句型】 1. I think it’s+adj.+for sb.to do sth.
我想对于某人来说做某事是……的。
2. It’s good for your health to walk after meals.
饭后散步对于你的健康有好处。
3. This is a fact that many people are interested in …
很多人对……很感兴趣，这是一个事实。
4. It’s well known to us that …
我们都知道……
5. It’s neither too big nor too small.
它既不太大也不太小。6. I agree / disagree with you. 我赞成 / 不赞成你的观点。
7. She not only sings well but also dances well.她不但歌唱得好，而且舞跳得也好。
8. People have different opinions on his problem.在这个问题上，人们有不同的观点。
9. However, each coin has two sides.然而，任何事情都有两个方面。
◆写作模板
模板① 观点态度型 Many students think that _______, because ________. But as to me, I am not in favour of this point of view. I think, _______, so ________ (我的看法). First of all, ________ (原因一). Secondly, _______ (原因二). Thirdly / Most important of all, ________ (原因三). All in all / In a word, I hold the opinion that _________ (总结观点). And I hope ________ (提出愿望). 模板② 观点态度型 The topic of 主题 is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions about it. Some people say A is their favourite. They hold their view for the reason of 理由一 . What’s more, 理由二 . Moreover, 理由三 . While others think that B is a better choice in the following three reasons. First, 理由一 . Second (Besides), 理由二 . Third (Finally), 理由三 . From my point of view, I think 我的观点 . The reason is that 原因 . As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former (later) is surely a wise choice. 模板③ 说明利弊型 Nowadays, __________ like to _________ (社会现象). About this different people have different opinions. On the one hand, some people think ________ (优点一). Moreover _________(优点二). But every coin has two sides. Firstly, ________ (缺点一). Besides, __________ (缺点二). I think ________ (我的观点). 模板④ 解决方法型 In recent days, we have to face a problem: that is _________ (问题). For example, some __________ (例一); some ____________ (例二); some _________ (例三) and still some ___________ (例四). Faced with this, we should take a series of effective measures to deal with it. For one thing, we should _________ (解决方法一). For another thing, we'd better __________ (解决方法二). Because, we should _____________ (解决方法三). In my opinion, if _____________ , we will ___________.
◆写作句式
【夺人眼球篇首句】 1. Nowadays, there is a wide-spread concern over …
现今，……引起了人们的广泛关注。2. Nowadays, people are paying a lot more attention to …
如今，人们把更多的注意力放在……上。3. It is universally acknowledged that ...
众所周知的是……4. It's commonly / generally believed that ... 人们普遍认为…… 5. Recently, sb. has / there is a discussion about …
近来，（某人）就……展开了一次讨论。
6. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.
大体上，有以下几方面优点。【亮点出彩篇中句】
1. People have different opinions on this problem.
在这个问题上人们有不同的观点。2. It has to be noticed that ...
需要注意的是……
3. As to me, I am not in favour of this point of view.
对我来说，我不赞成这种观点。4. I hold an opinion that ... 我认为…… 5. I think it harmful to ... 我认为……是有害的。 6. There is no doubt that ... 毫无疑问的是…… 7. There is no denying that ... 不可否认的是…… 8. It's good / beneficial for sb. to do ... 对某人来讲做……是有好处的 / 有益处的。 9. What's more, everything has its own two sides. 而且，任何事情都有两个方面。 10. Further, we hold the opinion that ... 还有，我们的意见是……
11. I can't agree with their opinions for the reasons below.我不同意他们的观点，原因如下。
12. My argument / advice for this problem goes as follows.
针对这一问题，我的观点 / 建议如下。13. I can't entirely agree with the idea that ... I believe ...
我不能完全同意……的观点。我认为……【韵味无穷结尾句】 1. From above, we can predict that …
从以上情况，我们可以预测……2. I will conclude by saying ...
总结一下就是说……3. Therefore, we have the reason to believe that ...
因此，我们有理由相信……
4. As a student, we should face all the possible difficulties in our life positively.
作为学生，我们应该乐观地面对生活中所有可能存在的困难。
5. I agree with the later. I think we should develop our own self-study habit.
我同意后者。我认为我们应该培养自主学习的习惯。
6. From my point of view, our life would be better if we learned how to reduce stress.
我认为，如果我们学会了如何减压，我们的生活会更好。
典例赏析
（2022·四川内江中考真题） 近年来中学生身体健康越来越受到重视。假定你是李华，你校英语校报正在开展主题为 “我运动，我健康” 的征文比赛。请你根据以下提示，用英语写一篇短文，向校报投稿。 内容包括： 1. 你的运动方式（两种）： 2. 你对运动的看法： (1) 增强体质； (2) 缓解压力； (3) ……。 注意： 1. 所写内容应包括以上要点，内容连贯，并进行合理拓展； 2. 文中不得出现真实姓名和校名； 3.词数100左右。 【答案】例文 As students, we can do different kinds of sports after class. As for me, I think highly of jogging because it’s good for health. I often jog in the playground for half an hour. Another sports that I like is football. I often play it with my friends after school. It is very interesting.
There is no doubt that doing sports is helpful to us. We can not only build up our body and keep us healthy and strong. What’s more, when we feel stressed, we can do some sports to relax ourselves. The most important is that we can make friends when we do sports. I met my best friend when I once played football in the playground.
Let’s do more sports. In this way, we can be healthy and happy every day.
【解析】 1. 题干解读：本文主要是根据题干中的提示要点介绍自己的运动方式以及对运动的看法，可适当增加细节。 2. 写作要点：本文以一般现在时为主，人称以第一人称为主。第一段主要介绍自己的运动方式；第二段讲述对运动的看法；第三段号召大家多运动。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
（2022·海南中考真题）
为创造美好的生活，青少年在成长的过程中应不断学习新的生活技能 (如烹饪、种植、救护方法……)。请结合下列提示和自身的需求，以 “Little Life Skills Are a Big Help” 为题写一篇短文，在英语课堂上分享。
提示：
1. What life skill do you want to learn?
2. Why do you want to learn this skill?
3. How do you learn this skill?
要求：
1. 内容须涵盖所有要点；
2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，语法正确，书写规范；
3. 文中不得出现真实的人名、校名、地名；
4. 80词左右（文章开头已给出，不计入总词数）。
【答案】例文
Little Life Skills Are a Big Help
Life skills are necessary for us teenagers. To live more healthily and happily, we are supposed to learn more new skills. As for me, I would like to choose cooking, which is a basic skill in our daily life. It’s wonderful to create my own dishes. Besides, learning to look after my family is also my wish. In order to develop my cooking skill, I will first ask my mother for help. I think the dishes she cooks are the most delicious in the world. And it’s also a good idea to learn from the cooking videos online. Little life skills are a big help. Let’s take action now. 【解析】
1. 题干解读：本文以 “Little Life Skills Are a Big Help”
为题，并结合题干中的三个问题，描述自己想要学习的生活技能，可适当增加细节。2. 写作指导：本文以一般现在时和一般将来时为主，人称以第一人称为主。第一段介绍自己想要学习什么样的生活技能以及为什么要学习这项技能；第二段描述如何学习这个技能；最后一段进行总结。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到无单词拼写和语法错误。
模拟题型
（2022·江苏·泰州模拟）
有人如此比喻：散文是海水，诗是浓缩的咸卤，格言是结晶的盐粒。格言给人们以启迪、指导、帮助和教诲，帮助人们完成优秀人格的自我塑造，顺利地度过人生的荒海。请在下列格言中任选一句自己喜爱的格言，并根据要求写一篇短文。
1、Actions speak louder than words.
行动比语言更响亮。
2、Where there is a will, there is a way.
有志者事竟成。
3、Failure is the mother of success.
失败乃成功之母。
Tips:
1、What’s your understanding of the motto?
2、Why do you like it best?
3、Who or What comes to your mood first when you read it? Why?
4、How does it influence you?
【答案】例文
My favourite motto is Where there is a will, there is a way. I think that one of the most important things to success is a firm resolution. If a man doesn’t have a strong will to win the final victory, he will never succeed in his life. Whenever I see this motto, I think of many memories of my English study. When I entered the middle school, I had so many difficulties with my English. I was not able to understand the teacher in class, and I couldn’t master the words and phrases. For a time I wanted to give up. Later, I made a resolution to improve my English. I listened to the teacher carefully in class, kept on reading English every day and spoke as much as possible. Step by step I made great progress in English. From this thing, I really understand this motto. There is nothing difficult in the world. If you make up your mind to do it, you will certainly accomplish your end. So I will never give up easily. 【详解】
[总体分析]
① 题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
② 时态：时态为 “一般过去时” 和 “一般现在时”；
③ 提示：要求任选一句自己喜爱的格言，并根据要求写一篇短文。学生不要遗漏提示中的要点，适当添加细节，写作时保持主谓一致。
[写作步骤]
第一步，首先引出话题，写出自己喜爱的格言；
第二步，具体阐述如何理解格言、为什么喜欢这个格言、它能让你想起的人或事等；
第三步，讲述这个格言对你的影响。
[亮点词汇]
① think of 想起
② be able to do sth. 能够做某事
③ give up 放弃
④ as much as possible 尽可能
[高分句型]
① I think that one of the most important things to success is a firm resolution. (宾语从句)
② If a man doesn’t have a strong will to win the final victory, he will never succeed in his life. (if 引导的条件状语从句)
③ When I entered the middle school, I had so many difficulties with my English.(When引导的时间状语从句)
（2022·广东·深圳模拟）
你校学生会英语俱乐部将举行题为 “初中学生是否应该承担家务” 的演讲比赛活动。现请你拟写一篇演讲稿参赛。
内容需包括：
1. 赞成与反对的声音；
2. 你对该问题的看法（观点；理由至少列出两条）；
3. 你的结论。
要求：
1. 80 词以上，短文的开头结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 条理清楚，意思连贯，语句通顺，标点正确；
3. 可适当增加细节以使全文连贯。
参考词汇：
家务活 household chores
【答案】例文
Boys and girls,
Recently the topic of doing household chores has been brought to public attention. Some believe that doing household chores is a waste of time and they’ll have less time for homework. Others hold the opposite view. As for me, I am for the opinion that students should do household chores. This can be expressed as follows. On the one hand, it’s obvious that doing household chores like washing dishes and watering the flowers can develop our respect and love for hardworking spirits. On the other hand, no one can deny that chores like cooking, mopping or walking the dog can form good habits, gain working experience and learn time management skills. To sum up, it’s high time we should take our responsibility and offer helping hands towards the whole family. Thanks for your listening! 【详解】
[总体分析]
① 题材：本文一篇议论文，为演讲稿。
② 时态：时态为“一般现在时”。
③ 提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示内容，适当增加细节描写。
[写作步骤]
第一步，介绍赞成与反对的声音；
第二步，具体阐述你对该问题的看法；
第三步，介绍你的结论。
[亮点词汇]
① as for 至于
② On the one hand...on the other hand 一方面……，另一方面……
③ to sum up 总之
[高分句型]
① Some believe that doing household chores is a waste of time. (that引导的宾语从句)
② I am for the opinion that students should do household chores. (that引导的同位语从句)
·END·
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