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本文讲解了，如何设置uboot环境变量和编译linux内核，实现将uboot和系统同时放置到SD卡或eMMC后，从SD或者eMMC启动uboot，引导系统启动的过程。
同时使用E2000Q-demo，演示了从SD卡启动和从eMMC启动的过程。
1、制作MMC（eMMC/SD卡）启动镜像文件
1.1、重新编译u-boot.bin，实现U-boot环境变量存储在MMC（eMMC/SD卡）
进入E2000打包工具image-fix目录，更新bl33_new.bin指向重新make得到的u-boot.bin，然后执行脚本打包得到新的BIOS固件文件fip-all.bin。
1.2、重新编译linux内核，实现bootargs传递分区信息
E2000配置从MMC（eMMC/SD卡）启动的模式，上电启动需要从MMC设备（eMMC/SD卡）起始地址加载BIOS固件，BIOS固件会覆盖分区表信息，因此需要开启“u-boot通过bootargs重新传递分区表”的功能。
在交叉编译环境（Ubuntu20.04_X86虚拟机），进入linux kernel源码目录，运行make menuconfig开启command line partition support，然后重新make得到内核镜像Image.gz。
第1步：在交叉编译环境（Ubuntu20.04_X86虚拟机），使用命令 mkimage将当前目录下的内核Image.gz、设备树e2000q-demo-board.dtb进行打包，得到启动镜像文件uImage.itd。
mkimage -f ./ demo.its ./uImage.itd/dts-v1/;/ {description = "Image with single Linux kernel and compressed FDT blobs";#address-cells = <1>;images {kernel {description = "Linux kernel";data = /incbin/("./Image.gz");type = "kernel";arch = "arm64";os = "linux";compression = "gzip";load = <0x80080000>;entry = <0x80080000>;hash-1 {algo = "crc32";};hash-2 {algo = "sha1";};};fdt@ demo{description = "e2000q demo board";data = /incbin/("./e2000q-demo-board.dtb");type = "flat_dt";arch = "arm64";compression = "none";hash-1 {algo = "crc32";};hash-2 {algo = "sha1";};};};configurations {default = "e2k@demo";e2k@demo{description = "Boot Linux kernel with FDT demo";kernel = "kernel";fdt = "fdt@demo";};};};
第2步：然后，使用dd 命令将fip-all.bin、uImage.itd封装在一起（偏移地址0x400000，可根据情况修改），封装合并后文件为BIOS固件fip-all.bin，这里把fip-all.bin重命名为mmc-boot.bin，支持eMMC/SD卡的MMC启动镜像文件就制作完成了。
dd if=./uImage.itd of=./fip-all.bin bs=1M seek=4syncmv -f fip-all.bin mmc-boot.binsync
第1步：在交叉编译环境（Ubuntu20.04_X86虚拟机）连接SD卡设备，使用fdisk 对SD卡进行分区，第一个分区起始地址要避开前64MB地址（First sector (2048-62333951,default 2048): 131072），空间0~64MB将用来存放fip-all.bin、kernel和设备树，64MB及之后空间是Linux根目录存放分区，下图为分区过程。
sudo dd if=mmc-boot.bin of=/dev/sdbsync
到这里，SD系统盘就安装制作完成了。
2.2、在E20000Q-DEMO参考板上加载SD系统盘
setenv bootcmd "mmc dev 1;mmc read 0x90000000 0x2000 0x10000;bootm 0x90000000#e2k@demo"setenv bootargs 'console=ttyAMA1,115200 earlycon=pl011,0x2800d000 root=/dev/mmcblk1p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait rw cma=128m blkdevparts=mmcblk1:64M(boot),-(userdata);'saveenvboot
系统加载过程，SD启动log如下：
…….Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0switch to partitions #0, OKmmc1 is current deviceMMC read: dev # 1, block # 8192, count 65536 ... 65536 blocks read: OK## Loading kernel from FIT Image at 90000000 ...Using 'e2k@demo' configurationTrying 'kernel' kernel subimageDescription: Linux kernelType: Kernel ImageCompression: gzip compressedData Start: 0x900000e4Data Size: 7363002 Bytes = 7 MiBArchitecture: AArch64OS: LinuxLoad Address: 0x80080000Entry Point: 0x80080000Hash algo: crc32Hash value: aad68492Hash algo: sha1Hash value: 3a0551d751553ecf011b3ca4ff585ba5e6e37cb8Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OK## Loading fdt from FIT Image at 90000000 ...Using 'e2k@demo' configurationTrying 'fdt@demo' fdt subimageDescription: e2000q demo boradType: Flat Device TreeCompression: uncompressedData Start: 0x90705bc8Data Size: 23372 Bytes = 22.8 KiBArchitecture: AArch64Hash algo: crc32Hash value: 9a360ce7Hash algo: sha1Hash value: 7bf7a0fea3ecfe809ddddfe9863bb36340e1d9d5Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OKBooting using the fdt blob at 0x90705bc8Uncompressing Kernel ImageLoading Device Tree to 00000000f9c2f000, end 00000000f9c37b4b ... OKrun in ft_board_setupfdt_addr 00000000f9c2f000N: Phytium System Service Call: 0xc2000005mb_count = 0x2mb_blocks[0].mb_size = 0x7c000000mb_blocks[1].mb_size = 0x180000000fdt : can not find /memory@01 nodefdt : add node memory@01fdt : dram size 0x200000000 update successfullyStarting kernel .../ {compatible = "phytium,e2000q";…….
dd if=mmc-boot.bin of=/dev/mmcblk0 sync |
setenv bootcmd "mmc dev 1;mmc read 0x90000000 0x2000 0x10000;bootm 0x90000000#e2k@demo"setenv bootargs 'console=ttyAMA1,115200 earlycon=pl011,0x2800d000 root=/dev/mmcblk0p2 rootfstype=ext4 rootwait rw cma=128m blkdevparts=mmcblk0:64M(boot),-(userdata);'saveenvboot
…….Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0Card did not respond to voltage select! : -110MMC read: dev # 0, block # 8192, count 65536 ... 65536 blocks read: OK## Loading kernel from FIT Image at 90000000 ...Using 'e2k@demo' configurationTrying 'kernel' kernel subimageDescription: Linux kernelType: Kernel ImageCompression: gzip compressedData Start: 0x900000e4Data Size: 7363002 Bytes = 7 MiBArchitecture: AArch64OS: LinuxLoad Address: 0x80080000Entry Point: 0x80080000Hash algo: crc32Hash value: aad68492Hash algo: sha1Hash value: 3a0551d751553ecf011b3ca4ff585ba5e6e37cb8Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OK## Loading fdt from FIT Image at 90000000 ...Using 'e2k@demo' configurationTrying 'fdt@demo' fdt subimageDescription: e2000q demo boradType: Flat Device TreeCompression: uncompressedData Start: 0x90705bc8Data Size: 23372 Bytes = 22.8 KiBArchitecture: AArch64Hash algo: crc32Hash value: 9a360ce7Hash algo: sha1Hash value: 7bf7a0fea3ecfe809ddddfe9863bb36340e1d9d5Verifying Hash Integrity ... crc32+ sha1+ OK…….The Phytium Distribution e2000 ttyAMA1Phytium SDK (Phy Reference Distro) 3.3.2 - Kernel \re2000 login: rootroot@e2000:~#
