[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux release 8.7 (Ootpa)[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# cat /etc/os-release NAME="Oracle Linux Server"VERSION="8.7"ID="ol"ID_LIKE="fedora"VARIANT="Server"VARIANT_ID="server"VERSION_ID="8.7"PLATFORM_ID="platform:el8"PRETTY_NAME="Oracle Linux Server 8.7"ANSI_COLOR="0;31"CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:oracle:linux:8:7:server"HOME_URL="https://linux.oracle.com/"BUG_REPORT_URL="https://bugzilla.oracle.com/"
ORACLE_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT="Oracle Linux 8"ORACLE_BUGZILLA_PRODUCT_VERSION=8.7ORACLE_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Oracle Linux"ORACLE_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION=8.7[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# df -hFilesystem                         Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted ondevtmpfs                           1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /devtmpfs                              1.8G  1.4M  1.8G   1% /dev/shmtmpfs                              1.8G   34M  1.8G   2% /runtmpfs                              1.8G     0  1.8G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/mapper/ol_jiekexu--lix8-root   37G  6.7G   31G  19% //dev/mapper/ol_jiekexu--lix8-home   19G  453M   18G   3% /home/dev/sda1                         1014M  336M  679M  34% /boottmpfs                              363M   32K  363M   1% /run/user/0/dev/sr0                            12G   12G     0 100% /run/media/root/OL-8-7-0-BaseOS-x86_64[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# free -m              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   availableMem:           3627        1475         113         136        2039        1724Swap:          4051           0

1） 内核参数设置cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << "EOF"############################for postgresql###########kernel.shmall =4294967296kernel.shmmax=135497418752kernel.shmmni =4096kernel.sem = 50100 64128000 50100 1280fs.file-max =7672460fs.aio-max-nr =1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 9000 65000net.core.rmem_default= 262144net.core.rmem_max= 4194304net.core.wmem_default= 262144net.core.wmem_max= 4194304net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog= 4096net.core.netdev_max_backlog= 10000net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps= 0#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle=1net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps=1net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time= 72net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes= 9net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl= 7vm.zone_reclaim_mode=0vm.dirty_background_bytes= 40960000vm.dirty_ratio =80vm.dirty_expire_centisecs= 6000vm.dirty_writeback_centisecs= 50vm.swappiness=0vm.overcommit_memory= 0vm.overcommit_ratio= 90EOF
使用 sysctl -p 生效
2）操作系统资源限制cat >> /etc/security/limits.conf << "EOF"#################for postgresql db ###########postgres soft    nofile 131072 postgres hard    nofile 131072 postgres soft    nproc  131072 postgres hard    nproc  131072 postgres soft    core   unlimited postgres hard    core   unlimited postgres soft    memlock 500000000 postgres hard    memlock 500000000EOF
3）关闭防火墙和 SeLinux需要关闭 SELINUX 和操作系统防火墙 iptables设置 selinux 为 disable 并重启操作系统；用 systemctl status firewalld 命令关闭防火墙。
cp /etc/selinux/config /etc/selinux/config_`date +"%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"`&& sed -i 's/SELINUX\=enforcing/SELINUX\=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config
systemctl stop firewalldsystemctl disable firewalldsystemctl status firewalld  
4）配置网络 yum 源或者本地 yum 源
mkdir -p /etc/yum.repos.d/bakmv /etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/bakwget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-8.repodnf clean alldnf repolist
5) 安装编译所需 rpm 包[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# yum install -y zlib zlib-devel libaio cmake make gcc gcc-c++ readline readline-devel perl \ bison flex libyaml  net-tools expect  openssh-clients tcl openssl  openssl-devel libicu libicu-devel \ ncurses-devel  python3 python3-devel openldap pam systemtap-sdt-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 yum.repos.d]# yum install perl-Env bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel make libffi-devel  -y
[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# rpm -q --queryformat "%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n"  coreutils glib2 lrzsz mpstat dstatsysstat e4fsprogs xfsprogs ntp readline-devel zlib-devel openssl-develpam-devel libxml2-devel libxslt-devel python-devel tcl-devel gcc makesmartmontools flex bison perl-devel perl-Ext Utils* openldap-devel jadetex openjade bzip2 | grep 'not installed' |column -tpackage  mpstat                  is  not  installedpackage  dstatsysstat            is  not  installedpackage  e4fsprogs               is  not  installedpackage  ntp                     is  not  installedpackage  openssl-develpam-devel  is  not  installedpackage  libxml2-devel           is  not  installedpackage  libxslt-devel           is  not  installedpackage  python-devel            is  not  installedpackage  makesmartmontools       is  not  installedpackage  perl-Ext                is  not  installedpackage  Utils*                  is  not  installedpackage  openldap-devel          is  not  installedpackage  jadetex                 is  not  installedpackage  openjade                is  not  installed
6）创建用户密码groupadd postgresuseradd -g postgres postgresecho "postgres" |passwd --stdin postgres密码:postgres

[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# wget https://ftp.postgresql.org/pub/source/v17.2/postgresql-17.2.tar.gz[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# tar -xvf /root/postgresql-17.2.tar.gz  -C /home/postgres/[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# cd /home/postgres/[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]# lltotal 4drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres    6 Dec 11 23:44 pgdatadrwxrwxr-x 6 root     root     4096 Nov 19 04:32 postgresql-17.2[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]# chown -R postgres. postgresql-17.2/[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]# lltotal 4drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres    6 Dec 11 23:44 pgdatadrwxrwxr-x 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 19 04:32 postgresql-17.2[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]# su - postgres [postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ lltotal 4drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres    6 Dec 11 23:44 pgdatadrwxrwxr-x 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 19 04:32 postgresql-17.2[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ ln -s postgresql-17.2 postgres[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ lltotal 4drwxrwxr-x 2 postgres postgres    6 Dec 11 23:44 pgdatalrwxrwxrwx 1 postgres postgres   16 Dec 11 23:47 postgres -> postgresql-17.2drwxrwxr-x 6 postgres postgres 4096 Nov 19 04:32 postgresql-17.2

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ ./configure -h`configure' configures PostgreSQL 17.2 to adapt to many kinds of systems.
Usage: ./configure [OPTION]... [VAR=VALUE]...
To assign environment variables (e.g., CC, CFLAGS...), specify them asVAR=VALUE.  See below for descriptions of some of the useful variables.
Defaults for the options are specified in brackets.
Configuration:  -h, --help              display this help and exit      --help=short        display options specific to this package      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages  -V, --version           display version information and exit  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'  -n, --no-create         do not create output files      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']
Installation directories:  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX                          [/usr/local/pgsql]  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX                          [PREFIX]
By default, `make install' will install all the files in`/usr/local/pgsql/bin', `/usr/local/pgsql/lib' etc.  You can specifyan installation prefix other than `/usr/local/pgsql' using `--prefix',for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.
--几个选项的简单说明：--with-pgport=NUMBER 设置NUMBER为服务器和客户端的默认端口号。默认值为 5432。以后可以随时更改端口，但如果您在此处指定端口，则服务器和客户端都将编译相同的默认值，这非常方便。通常，选择非默认值的唯一好理由是您打算在同一台机器上运行多个PostgreSQL服务器。
--enable-nls[=LANGUAGES] 启用本地语言支持 ( NLS )，即能够以英语以外的语言显示程序消息。LANGUAGES是一个可选的空格分隔的语言代码列表，其中包含您想要支持的语言，例如--enable-nls='de fr'。（您的列表和实际提供的翻译集之间的交集将自动计算。）如果您未指定列表，则将安装所有可用的翻译。
要使用此选项，您将需要实现Gettext API。
--with-perl 构建PL/Perl服务器端语言。
--with-python 构建PL/Python服务器端语言。
--with-tcl 构建PL/Tcl服务器端语言。
--with-lz4 使用LZ4压缩支持进行构建。
--with-zstd 使用Zstandard压缩支持进行构建。
--with-pam 使用PAM进行构建（可插入身份验证模块）支持。
--without-icu 无需支持ICU即可构建库，禁用 ICU 排序功能
--with-extra-version=STRING 附加STRING到 PostgreSQL 版本号。例如，您可以使用它来标记从未发布的 Git 快照构建的二进制文件或包含带有额外版本字符串（例如标识符git describe或分发包发布号）的自定义补丁。

[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 yum.repos.d]# yum install make gcc gcc-c++ gzip bzip2-devel flex bison perl perl-Env  perl-ExtUtils-Embed readline-devel zlib zlib-devel  icu libicu-devel python3 python3-devel  tcl openssl openssl-devel
[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# python3Python 3.6.8 (default, Oct  5 2022, 16:22:51) [GCC 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-15.0.1)] on linuxType "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> quit()

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$  ./configure --prefix=/home/postgres/postgres  --with-perl  --with-python --with-pgport=54321 --with-opensslchecking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnuchecking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnuchecking which template to use... linuxchecking whether NLS is wanted... nochecking for default port number... 54321checking for block size... 8kBchecking for segment size... 1GBchecking for WAL block size... 8kBchecking for gcc... gccchecking whether the C compiler works... yeschecking for C compiler default output file name... a.outchecking for suffix of executables... checking whether we are cross compiling... nochecking for suffix of object files... ochecking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yeschecking whether gcc accepts -g... yeschecking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none neededchecking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... none neededchecking for g++... g++checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yeschecking whether g++ accepts -g... yeschecking for gawk... gawkchecking whether gcc supports -Wdeclaration-after-statement, for CFLAGS... yeschecking whether gcc supports -Werror=vla, for CFLAGS... ye…… --省略中间过程schecking for __int128... yeschecking for __int128 alignment bug... okchecking alignment of PG_INT128_TYPE... 16checking for builtin __sync char locking functions... yeschecking for builtin __sync int32 locking functions... yeschecking for builtin __sync int32 atomic operations... yeschecking for builtin __sync int64 atomic operations... yeschecking for builtin __atomic int32 atomic operations... yeschecking for builtin __atomic int64 atomic operations... yeschecking for __get_cpuid... yeschecking for __get_cpuid_count... yeschecking for __cpuid... nochecking for __cpuidex... nochecking for _xgetbv with CFLAGS=... nochecking for _xgetbv with CFLAGS=-mxsave... nochecking for _mm512_popcnt_epi64 with CFLAGS=... nochecking for _mm512_popcnt_epi64 with CFLAGS=-mavx512vpopcntdq -mavx512bw... yeschecking for _mm_crc32_u8 and _mm_crc32_u32 with CFLAGS=... nochecking for _mm_crc32_u8 and _mm_crc32_u32 with CFLAGS=-msse4.2... yeschecking for __crc32cb, __crc32ch, __crc32cw, and __crc32cd with CFLAGS=... nochecking for __crc32cb, __crc32ch, __crc32cw, and __crc32cd with CFLAGS=-march=armv8-a+crc... nochecking for __builtin_loongarch_crcc_w_b_w, __builtin_loongarch_crcc_w_h_w, __builtin_loongarch_crcc_w_w_w and __builtin_loongarch_crcc_w_d_w... nochecking which CRC-32C implementation to use... SSE 4.2 with runtime checkchecking for library containing sem_init... none requiredchecking which semaphore API to use... unnamed POSIXchecking which random number source to use... OpenSSLchecking for perl.h... yeschecking for libperl... yeschecking Python.h usability... yeschecking Python.h presence... yeschecking for Python.h... yeschecking for xmllint... /usr/bin/xmllintchecking for xsltproc... /usr/bin/xsltprocchecking for fop... nochecking for dbtoepub... nochecking whether gcc supports -Wl,--as-needed, for LDFLAGS... yeschecking whether gcc supports -Wl,--export-dynamic, for LDFLAGS_EX_BE... yesconfigure: using compiler=gcc (GCC) 8.5.0 20210514 (Red Hat 8.5.0-4)configure: using CFLAGS=-Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wcast-function-type -Wshadow=compatible-local -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-stringop-truncation -O2configure: using CPPFLAGS= -D_GNU_SOURCE configure: using LDFLAGS=  -Wl,--as-neededconfigure: creating ./config.statusconfig.status: creating GNUmakefileconfig.status: creating src/Makefile.globalconfig.status: creating src/include/pg_config.hconfig.status: creating src/include/pg_config_ext.hconfig.status: creating src/interfaces/ecpg/include/ecpg_config.hconfig.status: linking src/backend/port/tas/dummy.s to src/backend/port/tas.sconfig.status: linking src/backend/port/posix_sema.c to src/backend/port/pg_sema.cconfig.status: linking src/backend/port/sysv_shmem.c to src/backend/port/pg_shmem.cconfig.status: linking src/include/port/linux.h to src/include/pg_config_os.hconfig.status: linking src/makefiles/Makefile.linux to src/Makefile.port[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ gmake world -j2
gmake[4]: Nothing to be done for 'all'.gmake[4]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/common'gmake[3]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/regress'gcc -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wcast-function-type -Wshadow=compatible-local -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-stringop-truncation -O2 -I. -I. -I../../../src/interfaces/libpq -I./../regress -I../../../src/include  -D_GNU_SOURCE   -c -o specparse.o specparse.cgcc -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wcast-function-type -Wshadow=compatible-local -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-stringop-truncation -O2 -I. -I. -I../../../src/interfaces/libpq -I./../regress -I../../../src/include  -D_GNU_SOURCE   -c -o specscanner.o specscanner.crm -f pg_regress.o && ln -s ../../../src/test/regress/pg_regress.o .gcc -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wcast-function-type -Wshadow=compatible-local -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-stringop-truncation -O2 isolation_main.o pg_regress.o -L../../../src/interfaces/libpq -lpq -L../../../src/port -L../../../src/common   -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/home/postgres/postgres/lib',--enable-new-dtags  -lpgcommon -lpgport -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lreadline -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lm  -o pg_isolation_regressgcc -Wall -Wmissing-prototypes -Wpointer-arith -Wdeclaration-after-statement -Werror=vla -Wendif-labels -Wmissing-format-attribute -Wimplicit-fallthrough=3 -Wcast-function-type -Wshadow=compatible-local -Wformat-security -fno-strict-aliasing -fwrapv -fexcess-precision=standard -Wno-format-truncation -Wno-stringop-truncation -O2 isolationtester.o specparse.o specscanner.o -L../../../src/interfaces/libpq -lpq -L../../../src/port -L../../../src/common   -Wl,--as-needed -Wl,-rpath,'/home/postgres/postgres/lib',--enable-new-dtags  -lpgcommon -lpgport -lssl -lcrypto -lz -lreadline -lpthread -lrt -ldl -lm  -o isolationtestergmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/isolation'gmake -C test/perl allgmake[2]: Entering directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/perl'gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for 'all'.gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/perl'gmake[1]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src'[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ 

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ gmake install-world -j2
gmake[3]: Entering directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/common'gmake[3]: Nothing to be done for 'all'.gmake[3]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/common'/usr/bin/mkdir -p '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/test/isolation'gmake[4]: Entering directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/common'gmake[4]: Nothing to be done for 'all'.gmake[4]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/common'gmake[3]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/interfaces/libpq'/usr/bin/install -c  pg_isolation_regress '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/test/isolation/pg_isolation_regress'/usr/bin/install -c  isolationtester '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/test/isolation/isolationtester'gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/isolation'gmake -C test/perl installgmake[2]: Entering directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/perl'gmake[2]: Nothing to be done for 'install'.gmake[2]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src/test/perl'/usr/bin/mkdir -p '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src'/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 Makefile.global '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/Makefile.global'/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 Makefile.port '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/Makefile.port'/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./Makefile.shlib '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/Makefile.shlib'/usr/bin/install -c -m 644 ./nls-global.mk '/home/postgres/postgres/lib/pgxs/src/nls-global.mk'gmake[1]: Leaving directory '/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/src'[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$

--查看版本[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ /home/postgres/postgres/bin/postgres --versionpostgres (PostgreSQL) 17.2

--仅客户端安装：如果您只想安装客户端应用程序和接口库，那么您可以使用以下命令：
make -C src/bin installmake -C src/include installmake -C src/interfaces installmake -C doc install

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 postgres]$ ./configure --prefix=/home/postgres/postgres  --with-perl  --with-python --with-pgport=54321 --with-opensslchecking build system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnuchecking host system type... x86_64-pc-linux-gnu

checking whether we are cross compiling... nochecking for suffix of object files... ochecking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yeschecking whether gcc accepts -g... yeschecking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none neededchecking for gcc option to accept ISO C99... none neededchecking for g++... g++checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... yeschecking whether g++ accepts -g... yes
checking whether g++ supports -fvisibility=hidden, for CXXFLAGS_SL_MODULE... yeschecking whether g++ supports -fvisibility-inlines-hidden, for CXXFLAGS_SL_MODULE... yeschecking whether the C compiler still works... yeschecking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -Echecking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-configchecking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yeschecking whether to build with ICU support... yeschecking for icu-uc icu-i18n... noconfigure: error: ICU library not foundIf you have ICU already installed, see config.log for details on thefailure.  It is possible the compiler isn't looking in the proper directory.Use --without-icu to disable ICU support.

[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# icu-config --versionbash: icu-config: command not found...Install package 'libicu-devel' to provide command 'icu-config'? [N/y] y

 * Waiting in queue...  * Loading list of packages.... The following packages have to be installed: libicu-devel-60.3-2.el8_1.x86_64       Development files for International Components for UnicodeProceed with changes? [N/y] y
 * Waiting in queue...  * Waiting for authentication...  * Waiting in queue...  * Loading list of packages....  * Downloading packages...  * Requesting data...  * Testing changes...  * Installing packages... 60.3

checking for strip... stripchecking whether it is possible to strip libraries... yeschecking for ar... archecking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -cchecking for tar... /usr/bin/tarchecking whether ln -s works... yeschecking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -pchecking for bison... noconfigure: error: bison not found
[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# yum install bison -y

checking whether to build with ZSTD support... nochecking for strip... stripchecking whether it is possible to strip libraries... yeschecking for ar... archecking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -cchecking for tar... /usr/bin/tarchecking whether ln -s works... yeschecking for a thread-safe mkdir -p... /usr/bin/mkdir -pchecking for bison... /usr/bin/bisonconfigure: using bison (GNU Bison) 3.0.4checking for flex... noconfigure: error: flex not found
[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# yum install flex -y

vi .bashrcexport PGPORT=54321 export PGDATA=/home/postgres/pgdata export PGHOME=/home/postgres/postgresexport LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:. export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"` export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH export PGHOST=$PGDATA export PGUSER=postgres export PGDATABASE=postgres export LANG='en_US.UTF-8'alias rm='rm -i' alias ll='ls -lh' 

initdb -D  $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres
[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ initdb -D  $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgresThe files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".This user must also own the server process.
The database cluster will be initialized with locale "C".The default text search configuration will be set to "english".
Data page checksums are disabled.
fixing permissions on existing directory /home/postgres/pgdata ... okcreating subdirectories ... okselecting dynamic shared memory implementation ... posixselecting default "max_connections" ... 100selecting default "shared_buffers" ... 128MBselecting default time zone ... Asia/Shanghaicreating configuration files ... okrunning bootstrap script ... okperforming post-bootstrap initialization ... oksyncing data to disk ... ok
initdb: warning: enabling "trust" authentication for local connectionsinitdb: hint: You can change this by editing pg_hba.conf or using the option -A, or --auth-local and --auth-host, the next time you run initdb.
Success. You can now start the database server using:
    pg_ctl -D /home/postgres/pgdata -l logfile start

[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# su - postgres[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ cd $PGDATA
vi postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0' port = 54321 max_connections = 2000 unix_socket_directories = '/home/postgres/pgdata' tcp_keepalives_idle = 60 tcp_keepalives_interval = 10 tcp_keepalives_count = 10 shared_buffers = 512MB dynamic_shared_memory_type = posix vacuum_cost_delay = 0 bgwriter_delay = 10ms bgwriter_lru_maxpages = 1000 bgwriter_lru_multiplier = 10.0 bgwriter_flush_after = 0  backend_flush_after = 0   wal_level=logicalarchive_mode=alwaysarchive_command='cp %p /home/postgres/pgdata/archive/%f'min_wal_size=128MB max_wal_size=1GB
max_wal_senders=10hot_standby=onlog_filename='pg_log_%u.log'log_file_mode=0600log_truncate_on_rotation=onlog_rotation_age=1dlog_min_messages=warninglog_min_duration_statement=30ssynchronous_commit = off full_page_writes = on wal_buffers = 16MB wal_writer_delay = 10ms wal_writer_flush_after = 0  checkpoint_timeout = 30min  checkpoint_completion_target = 0.05   checkpoint_flush_after = 0   random_page_cost = 1.3 log_directory='pg_log' log_destination = 'csvlog' logging_collector = on log_truncate_on_rotation = on log_checkpoints = on log_connections = on log_disconnections = on log_error_verbosity = verbose log_duration=onlog_lock_waits=onlog_statement='mod'autovacuum = on log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0 autovacuum_naptime = 20s autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.05 autovacuum_freeze_max_age = 1500000000 autovacuum_multixact_freeze_max_age = 1600000000 autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 0 vacuum_freeze_table_age = 1400000000 vacuum_multixact_freeze_table_age = 1500000000 datestyle = 'iso, mdy' timezone = 'PRC' lc_messages = 'C' lc_monetary = 'C' lc_numeric = 'C' lc_time = 'C' default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ vim /home/postgres/pgdata/pg_hba.confhost      all          all             0.0.0.0/0               md5

[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ pg_ctl -D /home/postgres/pgdata start &[1] 91484[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ waiting for server to start....2024-12-12 00:18:57.221 CST [91486] LOG:  00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process2024-12-12 00:18:57.221 CST [91486] HINT:  Future log output will appear in directory "pg_log".2024-12-12 00:18:57.221 CST [91486] LOCATION:  SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:733 doneserver started
[1]+  Done                    pg_ctl -D /home/postgres/pgdata start[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ ### 查看状态[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ ps -ef | grep postgresroot       75920    3774  0 Dec11 pts/1    00:00:00 su - postgrespostgres   75921   75920  0 Dec11 pts/1    00:00:00 -bashroot       91346    3834  0 00:13 pts/2    00:00:00 su - postgrespostgres   91347   91346  0 00:13 pts/2    00:00:00 -bashpostgres   91486       1  1 00:18 ?        00:00:00 /home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/bin/postgres -D /home/postgres/pgdatapostgres   91487   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: logger postgres   91488   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: checkpointer postgres   91489   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: background writer postgres   91491   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: walwriter postgres   91492   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: autovacuum launcher postgres   91493   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: archiver postgres   91494   91486  0 00:18 ?        00:00:00 postgres: logical replication launcher postgres   91506   75921  0 00:19 pts/1    00:00:00 ps -efpostgres   91507   75921  0 00:19 pts/1    00:00:00 grep --color=auto postgres[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ pg_ctl statuspg_ctl: server is running (PID: 91486)/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/bin/postgres "-D" "/home/postgres/pgdata"

--查看并启动 PG 实例[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ pg_ctl statuspg_ctl: no server running[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ pg_ctl start pg_ctl: another server might be running; trying to start server anywaywaiting for server to start....2024-12-17 23:43:51.023 CST [29226] LOG:  00000: redirecting log output to logging collector process2024-12-17 23:43:51.023 CST [29226] HINT:  Future log output will appear in directory "pg_log".2024-12-17 23:43:51.023 CST [29226] LOCATION:  SysLogger_Start, syslogger.c:733 doneserver started[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ pg_ctl statuspg_ctl: server is running (PID: 29226)/home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/bin/postgres
[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 pgdata]$ psql -U postgres -p54321psql (17.2)Type "help" for help.
postgres=# \l                                                List of databases   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding | Locale Provider | Collate | Ctype | Locale | ICU Rules |   Access privileges   -----------+----------+----------+-----------------+---------+-------+--------+-----------+----------------------- postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           |  template0 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           | =c/postgres          +           |          |          |                 |         |       |        |           | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           | =c/postgres          +           |          |          |                 |         |       |        |           | postgres=CTc/postgres(3 rows) postgres=# create database jiekexu;CREATE DATABASEpostgres=# \l
postgres=# \c jiekexuYou are now connected to database "jiekexu" as user "postgres".jiekexu=# \l                                                List of databases   Name    |  Owner   | Encoding | Locale Provider | Collate | Ctype | Locale | ICU Rules |   Access privileges   -----------+----------+----------+-----------------+---------+-------+--------+-----------+----------------------- jiekexu   | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           |  postgres  | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           |  template0 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           | =c/postgres          +           |          |          |                 |         |       |        |           | postgres=CTc/postgres template1 | postgres | UTF8     | libc            | C       | C     |        |           | =c/postgres          +           |          |          |                 |         |       |        |           | postgres=CTc/postgres(4 rows)jiekexu=# create table test (id int,name varchar(30));CREATE TABLEjiekexu=# jiekexu=# insert into test values(1,'jieke'),(2,'DBA');INSERT 0 2jiekexu=# select * from test; id | name  ----+-------  1 | jieke  2 | DBA(2 rows)

# cp /home/postgres/postgres/contrib/start-scripts/linux /etc/init.d/postgres-14# chmod +x /etc/init.d/postgres-14# vi /etc/init.d/postgres-14--修改如下两处prefix=/home/postgres/postgresPGDATA="/home/postgres/pgdata"
# chkconfig postgres-14 on # chkconfig --list | grep postgres

[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# su - postgres[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ pg_ctl stopwaiting for server to shut down.... doneserver stopped[postgres@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]$ exitlogout[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgres.service << "EOF"cat > /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgres.service << "EOF"[Unit]Description=PostgreSQL database serverAfter=network.target[Service]Type=forkingUser=postgresGroup=postgresEnvironment=PGPORT=54321Environment=PGDATA=/home/postgres/pgdataOOMScoreAdjust=-1000ExecStart=/home/postgres/postgres/bin/pg_ctl start -D $PGDATAExecStop=/home/postgres/postgres/bin/pg_ctl stop -D $PGDATA -s -m fastExecReload=/home/postgres/postgres/bin/pg_ctl reload -D $PGDATA -sTimeoutSec=300[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.targetEOF[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgres.service[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# systemctl enable --now postgres.serviceCreated symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/postgres.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/postgres.service.[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# systemctl status postgres.service
[root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# systemctl start  postgres.service [root@JiekeXu-Lix8 ~]# systemctl status postgres.service● postgres.service - PostgreSQL database server   Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgres.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)   Active: active (running) since Wed 2024-12-18 00:05:22 CST; 4s ago  Process: 29722 ExecStart=/home/postgres/postgres/bin/pg_ctl start -D $PGDATA (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS) Main PID: 29724 (postgres)    Tasks: 8 (limit: 22838)   Memory: 96.8M   CGroup: /system.slice/postgres.service           ├─29724 /home/postgres/postgresql-17.2/bin/postgres -D /home/postgres/pgdata           ├─29725 postgres: logger            ├─29726 postgres: checkpointer            ├─29727 postgres: background writer            ├─29729 postgres: walwriter            ├─29730 postgres: autovacuum launcher            ├─29731 postgres: archiver            └─29732 postgres: logical replication launcher 
Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 systemd[1]: Starting PostgreSQL database server...Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 pg_ctl[29722]: waiting for server to start....Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 pg_ctl[29724]: waiting for server to start....Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 pg_ctl[29724]: 024-12-18 00:05:22.931 CST [29724] LOG:  00000: redirecting log output to>Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 pg_ctl[29724]: 2024-12-18 00:05:22.931 CST [29724] HINT:  Future log output will appear >Dec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 pg_ctl[29724]: 2024-12-18 00:05:22.931 CST [29724] LOCATION:  SyDec 18 00:05:22 JiekeXu-Lix8 systemd[1]: Started PostgreSQL database server.

https://www.modb.pro/db/1783744765954707456https://www.postgresql.org/support/versioning/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PostgreSQLhttps://www.postgresql.org/support/security/https://www.postgresql.org/ftp/source/v17.2/