词汇是学好英语的基础，而语法则是学好英语的关键。
英语语法是英语学习中的一大重点，也是一大难点。无论是阅读还是写作，都少不了对语法的考察。对语法知识的掌握不够熟练，就容易在考试中丢分。今天我们给大家整理了小初阶段常用的100个语法公式，由易到难，大家可以收藏起来，方便孩子背诵学习~My parents’ hometown is very beautiful.A(+B...)+and+C+’s，表示两者或多者共同拥有Professor Wang is Li Ming and Li Ling’s mother.A+’s(+B+’s...)+and+C+’s，表示两者或多者分别拥有Tim’s and Peter’s fathers both teach in the same school.名词+of+名词，一般用于表达无生命事物的名词的从属关系The windows of that house are broken.I have only read four books of Dickens’.只修饰可数名词的修饰语（比如 many）+可数名词复数，只修饰可数名词的词或短语有many, few, a few, a great many, quite a few 等。He made a great many mistakes.只修饰不可数名词的修饰语（比如 much）+不可数名词，只修饰不可数名词的词或短语有much, little, a little, a good/great deal of 等。We got little help from them.既可以修饰不可数名词也可以修饰可数名词的修饰语（比如 some）+复数可数名词/不可数名词，既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词的词或短语有some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of，quantities of， a quantity of等。Some police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don’t.The tiger is without doubt the most magnificent of the big cats.Plastic is hard to break up.a/an+可数名词单数，表示泛指、初次提到、“一；每”等意义。He was born in a small mountainous village in Guizhou Province.a/an+专有名词，表示具有某种特性的人或物、某一个不认识的人或不确定的时间。The story took place in an October in the 1980s.当抽象名词表示具体的人或事物，或表示引起人们某种情绪、情感的人或事时，视为可数名词，可用不定冠词修饰。Working with Jane is a great joy.如smoke，rain，snow， wind等前面用不定冠词，表示“一……”之意。A heavy rain fell yesterday.the+名词，特指上文提到过的、特定的或谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。I visited a church in Jinan. The church was built in the early 1900s.the + sun/earth等，表示自然界独一无二的事物的名词前要用定冠词。As time goes on, we will know more about the sun.the+专有名词，由普通名词构成的专有名词或表示组织等的专有名词前一般都要加定冠词。We are said to be living in the Information Age, a time of new discoveries and great changes.据说我们生活在信息时代，一个充满了新发现和巨大变化的时代。the+名词单数、形容词或分词，表示一类人、事物或抽象概念。The new is to take the place of the old.the+乐器、娱乐活动等类的名词，在表示被演奏的西洋乐器、文艺活动或运动场所的名词前用定冠词。I play the guitar in the school band.动词+sb.+介词+the+身体部位，表示身体部位的名词前要用定冠词the。The father led his daughter by the hand and walked into the supermarket.such/what/half + a/an(+形容词) +可数名词单数He has never written such an interesting book as that.that/as/so/too/how+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数Lily is too young a child to be left by herself at home.quite/rather + a/an(+形容词)+名词I had quite/rather an easy test yesterday.all/both/double/half/twice等+the+名词All the students in the class went out.you + he/she + I，用于多个单数人称并列的场合。You, he and I have done our best.we + you + they，用于多个复数人称并列的场合。We, you and they are all Chinese.He and she don’t agree with me.It + be/get+形容词/名词/介词短语，it常表示天气、日期、时间、距离、温度等。It gets colder and colder.It + be +被强调部分+that...构成强调句强调句子的主语、宾语、状语。被强调部分指人时，that可以换成who，其他情况一律用that。It was not until I came here that I realized this place was famous for not only its beauty but also its weather.直到我来到了这里我才意识到这个地方不仅以美景闻名，而且它的天气也很有名。It+be+形容词(+for sb.)+to do sth.It is very important for us to master the skills of computers.It+be+no use/no good+doing sth.意为“做……是没用的”，动名词是真正的主语，it是形式主语。It is no good turning to him. He is always indifferent towards others’ matters.It is required in the regulations that you should not tell other people the password of your e-mail account.It+be+名词+不定式/that从句，it作形式主语，后面的不定式或that从句是句子的真正主语。It is an honor for me to be invited to speak here.It is obvious that he doesn’t know how to repair a car.It+某些动词+that从句，常用于该公式的动词有appear，seem，happen等。It appears that all the files have been deleted.It+be+(high) time.意为是时候做……Now it is time for me to study hard.It+is/has been+时间段+since...，意为自从……已经有……（时间段）It is three months since they completed the great project.It+was/will be+时间段+before...，意为“过多长时间才……；还要多长时间才……”。It was several minutes before we realized what was happening.主语+谓语动词+it+形容词/名词+to do sth.I thought it appropriate to invite her to speak at the meeting.名词+of+形容词性物主代词+own，意为“完全属于自己的……，自己的……”。I will try my best to buy a car of my own.one..., the other...；意为“(两者中的)一个……，另一个……”。He has two sons. One is a doctor and the other is a soldier.some..., others...；意为“（不确定范围中的）一些……，另一些……”。Some boys are playing football, and others are playing basketball.公式051
some...， the others...；意为“（确定范围中的）一些……，其余的……”。
Of these students, some are from Peking University, and the others are from Tsinghua University.
这些学生中，一些来自北京大学，其余的来自清华大学。
公式052
one...another...(the other...)，意为“(三者以上中的)一个……，另一个/其余的……”。
The old man’s three daughters are all abroad. One is in the US, another is in England and the other seems to be in France.
这位老人的三个女儿都在国外。一个在美国，一个在英国，另外一个好像在法国。
公式053
(a) few/many(+可数名词复数)
(a) little/much(+不可数名词)
I have got a few friends who live nearby.
我有几个住在附近的朋友。
公式054
such+be...be的单复数形式由其后的名词或代词决定。
Such were her wishes.
这就是她的愿望。
公式055
none(+of+可数名词复数或不可数名词），
none指代指人或物的可数名词或不可数名词，后面可以跟of结构，
no one只能指代指人的可数名词，后面不能跟of结构。
None of the people present agreed to the plan.
在场的没有一个同意这项计划。
公式056
基数词+dozen/hundred/thousand/million +可数名词复数，意为“……打/百/千/百万……”。
There were about six hundred students in the school building during the earthquake.
地震时教学楼里大约有600名学生。
公式057
dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millions +of +可数名词复数，意为“数十/百/千/百万……”。
She went to the bookstore and bought dozens of books.
她去书店买了几十本书。
公式058
分钟数+past/after+小时分钟数，是超过整时数30分钟内的部分，意为“……点过……分”。
five (minutes) past/after nine
9:05
公式059
分钟数+to+小时分钟数，是超过半点距整时数的差，意为“差……分……点”。
five (minutes) to ten
9:55
公式060
at (the age of)+基数词，意为“在……岁时”。
At (the age of) forty, he became the general manager of the company.
他40岁时，成了公司的总经理。
a/an+名词+aged+基数词，名词+of+基数词+years old，意为“一个……岁的……”。He is an old man aged eighty.in one’s+整十数的复数形式，意为“在某人几十多岁时”。My mother became a professor in her thirties.in+the+年数+s/’s，意为“在……世纪……年代”。This kind of hairstyle was very popular in the 1990s/1990’s.倍数+as+形容词/副词原级+as...；意为“……是……的……倍”。The new stadium being built for the next Asia Games will be three times as big as the present one.正在为下一届亚运会修建的新体育场将是现在这个的三倍大。倍数+the+名词+of...；意为“……是……的……倍”。This street is twice/double the width of that one.倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...；意为“……是……的……倍”。This room is twice larger than yours.形容词/副词比较级＋than...＋by＋倍数，意为“……是……的……倍”。This line is longer than that one by twice.a/an+序数词+可数名词单数，意为“另一个，再一个”。It is the second tallest building in the world.In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.on+表示具体时间的名词，表示在特定的日子、具体日期、星期几、节日或具体某一天的某个时间段上。on a rainy night of August 18for+表示时间段的名词，表示一个时间段，可用于完成时、过去时、将来时的句子中。I have subscribed to that magazine for three years.after+表示时间段的名词,用于过去时，表示多长时间之后。The old man left home in 1924 and came back after thirty years.on/above/over+名词，意为“在……上面”。There is a picture on the wall.The plane flew above the clouds.through/across/past/over+名词，意为“穿过/经过/跨过某地”。I drive past a big supermarket to the office every day.between/among+名词，意为“在……之间”。Some students often listen to music between classes to refresh themselves．except/besides/except for+名词，意为“除了……之外”。The office is open every day except Sundays.with/by/in+表示方式、工具的名词，意为“用……来做”。I cut the cake with a knife.be busy (in) doing sth.意为“忙于做某事”。We’re busy (in) doing homework after school every day.have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.意为“做某事有困难”。I have some trouble (in) working out this problem.stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.意为“阻止……做某事”。We must stop him (from) going to swim in the river.be (of)+种类、数量、度量、种族、国籍类名词Machines are (of) different types and sizes.公式081
（for+）时间段/距离，for多用于某些表示时间段的短语前或last，stay，wait， live及表示“位移”意义的动词后。
The meeting lasted (for) three hours.
会议持续了3个小时。
公式082
祈使句+or/and+陈述句，意为“……，否则/那么就……”，祈使句表示条件，陈述句表示结果。
Seize the chance, or you’ll regret it.
抓住这个机会，否则你会后悔的。
公式083
...while...；意为“然而”，表示转折。
The spring of Beijing is very dry while that of Kunming is damp.
北京的春天很干燥，然而昆明的春天却很潮湿。
公式084
...or...；意为“……或者……”，表示选择。
Do you go to school by bus or on foot?
你是坐公共汽车还是步行去上学？
公式085
句子（,）+but+句子，意为“……，但是……”。
I thought we'd be late for the concert, but we ended up getting there ahead of time.
我以为这次音乐会我们会迟到，但最后却提前到达了。
公式086
not...but...；意为“不是……，而是……”。
Not money but teachers are what we need.
我们需要的不是钱，而是老师。
公式087
both...and...；意为“既……又……；……和……”。
He can both write songs and compose music.
他既会写歌，又会作曲。
公式088
either...or...；意为“不是……就是……,要么……要么……”。
You can talk with Mr Black either in English or in Chinese.
你可以跟布莱克先生用英文或中文谈话。
公式089
not only...but (also)...；意为“不但……而且……”。
He not only read the book but also remembered what he had read.
他不仅看过这本书，而且还记得他看过的内容。
公式090
neither...nor...；意为“……和……（两者）都不”。
She likes neither butter nor cheese.
她既不喜欢黄油也不喜欢奶酪。
公式091
句子，for+句子，意为“……，因为……”。
The leaves of the trees are falling, for it’s already autumn.
树叶在飘落，因为秋天已经到了。
公式092
复合不定代词+形容词，形容词修饰复合不定代词时要后置。
something interesting
有趣的事情
nothing special
没什么特别的
公式093
名词+形容词短语，形容词短语作定语时需后置。
Australia is a country famous for its beautiful scenery.
澳大利亚是一个以风景秀丽闻名的国家。
公式094
名词+形容词+and/or+形容词，两个意义相近或相反的形容词用and，or等连词连接作定语时，常需要后置。
People in the village, young and old, went to see the film yesterday evening.
这个村子里的老老少少昨天晚上都去看这场电影了。
公式095
名词+基数词+时间、度量类名词+形容词“基数词+时间、度量类名词+形容词”，作定语修饰名词时要后置。
Yesterday, a Mr Brown, thirty years old, came to visit you.
昨天一位30岁、叫布朗的先生来拜访过你。
公式096
（限定词+）观点形容词+大小、形状词+新旧、长幼词+颜色形容词+产地、来源词+材料、种类词+用途词（+名词）
a tall gray building
一幢灰色的高楼
that square new red box
那个新的红色方形盒子
公式097
...as+形容词原级＋as...；意为“……和……一样……”。
This table is as clean as that one.
这张桌子和那张一样干净。
公式098
...not as/so+形容词原级+as...；意为“……不像……一样……”。
She is not as/so happy as she pretends.
她并不像她假装得那么高兴。
公式099
...as+形容词原级+不可数名词，可数名词复数+as...；意为“……和……一样……”。
I have as many books as Tom.
我和汤姆的书一样多。
公式100
...as+形容词原级+a/an+可数名词单数+as...；意为“……和……一样……”。
Most doctors think that medicine is as much an art as it is a science.
多数医生认为医学既是一门科学又是一门艺术。
