Abstract
Current cancer immunotherapies are primarily predicated on αβ T cells, with a stringent dependence on MHC-mediated presentation of tumour-enriched peptides or unique neoantigens that can limit their efficacy and applicability in various contexts. After two decades of preclinical research and preliminary clinical studies involving very small numbers of patients, γδ T cells are now being explored as a viable and promising approach for cancer immunotherapy. The unique features of γδ T cells, including their tissue tropisms, antitumour activity that is independent of neoantigen burden and conventional MHC-dependent antigen presentation, and combination of typical properties of T cells and natural killer cells, make them very appealing effectors in multiple cancer settings. Herein, we review the main functions of γδ T cells in antitumour immunity, focusing on human γδ T cell subsets, with a particular emphasis on the differences between Vδ1+ and Vδ2+ γδ T cells, to discuss their prognostic value in patients with cancer and the key therapeutic strategies that are being developed in an attempt to improve the outcomes of these patients.
摘要
目前的癌症免疫疗法主要是以αβT细胞为基础，严格依赖MHC介导的肿瘤富集肽或独特的新抗原，这可能会限制其在不同情况下的疗效和适用性。经过20年的临床前研究和涉及极少数病人的初步临床研究，γδ T细胞现在正被探索为一种可行的、有前途的癌症免疫治疗方法。γδT细胞的独特特征，包括其组织趋向性、独立于新抗原负担和传统MHC依赖性抗原呈递的抗肿瘤活性，以及T细胞和自然杀伤细胞的典型特性的结合，使它们在多种癌症情况下成为非常有研究价值的效应物。在此，我们回顾了γδT细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的主要功能，重点是人类γδT细胞亚群，特别强调Vδ1+和Vδ2+γδT细胞之间的差异，讨论它们在癌症患者中的预后价值以及正在开发的试图改善这些患者预后的关键治疗策略。
参考文献
Mensurado, S., Blanco-Domínguez, R., & Silva-Santos, B. (2023). The emerging roles of γδ T cells in cancer immunotherapy. Nature reviews. Clinical oncology, 20(3), 178–191. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41571-022-00722-1
