Abstract
In the past decade, cancer treatment has been revolutionized by the rise of checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapies. Traditional approaches to treating cancer have been focused on developing an increasingly sophisticated arsenal of drugs that are targeted against various mechanisms of tumor cell growth. With immunotherapy, the capacity of the human immune system to recognize self and nonself has been harnessed to activate the antitumor immune response in a way that can be broadly applied across many tumor types, regardless of their growth mechanisms. Nonetheless, many patients remain nonresponsive to immunotherapy and reliable predictors of therapy failure are lacking, which have motivated a shotgun approach to improving outcomes. At present, hundreds of clinical trials attempt to combine immunotherapy with other treatments and boost its efficacy, with mixed results. In my research, I focus on a more systematic approach for both discovering the cell-cell interactions involved in immunotherapy resistance within different tumor types and identifying candidate therapies to overcome treatment resistance.
摘要
在过去十年中，检查点抑制剂免疫疗法的兴起彻底改变了癌症治疗。治疗癌症的传统方法一直专注于开发越来越复杂的药物，这些药物是针对肿瘤细胞生长的各种机制。通过免疫疗法，人类免疫系统识别自我和非自我的能力已被用来激活抗肿瘤免疫反应，这种方式可广泛适用于许多肿瘤，而不论其生长机制如何。尽管如此，许多患者仍然对免疫疗法没有反应，而且缺乏治疗失败的可靠预测因素，这些都促使我们采取精准地治疗方法来改善治疗效果。目前，数以百计的临床试验试图将免疫疗法与其他治疗方法相结合，并提高其疗效，但结果喜忧参半。在我的研究中，我专注于一种更系统的方法，既能发现不同肿瘤类型中涉及免疫疗法抗性的细胞-细胞相互作用，又能确定克服治疗抗性的候选疗法。
参考文献：
Obradovic A. (2023). Precision immunotherapy. Science (New York, N.Y.), 379(6633), 654–655. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adg5585.
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