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本期分享：
多元化食物供给体系
diversified food supply system.
日前，国务院办公厅印发意见称，将有效促进食物新品种、新领域、新技术开发，加快构建多元化食物供给体系，为确保国家粮食安全、建设农业强国提供坚实保障。
China will implement measures to effectively promote the development of new food varieties, new fields and new technologies, and speed up the establishment of a diversified food supply system to guarantee grain security and build up its strength in agriculture, according to the guidelines issued by the General Office of the State Council.
【知识点】
构建多元化食物供给体系有两层含义。一是拓宽食物供给渠道，提高食物来源结构的多元化水平。除了向耕地和植物动物要食物，还要进一步开发草原森林海洋资源，挖掘微生物和生物工程技术潜力，加强对非常规农业生产空间的开发和利用。二是增加食物供给种类，提高食物产品构成的多元化水平。除了粮食，还要增加肉类、蔬菜、水果、水产品等各类食物供给，既保障传统的以口粮为主的粮食安全，也保障肉蛋奶蔬果油糖等非口粮重要农产品的供给安全。
树立大农业观、大食物观，农林牧渔并举，构建多元化食物供给体系，是党中央提出的明确要求，是保障粮食和重要农产品稳定安全供给的客观要求和重要举措。为推动把农业建成现代化大产业，巩固提升粮食综合生产能力，全方位、多途径开发食物资源，保障各类食物有效供给，更高质量满足人民群众多元化食物消费和营养健康需求，国务院办公厅印发《关于践行大食物观构建多元化食物供给体系的意见》（以下简称《意见》）。
《意见》提出3方面14项重点任务。一是全方位、多途径开发食物资源，拓展食物来源渠道。巩固提升产能，夯实粮食和重要农产品供给基础。积极发展经济林和林下经济，稳妥开发森林食物资源。大力发展饲草产业，增加草食畜产品供给。加快发展深远海养殖，科学开发江河湖海食物资源。加快发展现代设施农业，拓展食物开发新空间。培育发展生物农业，开拓新型食品资源。发展壮大食用菌产业，开发食用菌食品。二是大力推进科技创新，提升食物开发质量效益。加强食物开发基础研究，加快育种创新，构建食物科技创新支撑体系。三是推进全产业链建设，提升食物开发价值链。提升食物加工流通产业水平，推进食物产业集聚发展，提升食物质量安全水平，引导食物营养健康消费。
【重要讲话】
保障粮食安全，要在增产和减损两端同时发力，持续深化食物节约各项行动。要树立大食物观，构建多元化食物供给体系，多途径开发食物来源。要严格考核，督促各地真正把保障粮食安全的责任扛起来。
To ensure food security, efforts must be made to both increase production and reduce food losses, continuing to further prevent food waste. An all-encompassing approach to food must be adopted to build a diversified food supply system, and develop food sources in multiple ways. Assessment of officials' performance must be tightened to urge all localities to shoulder their responsibility for securing food security.
——2022年12月23日至24日，习近平在中央农村工作会议上的重要讲话
【相关词汇】
大食物观
all-encompassing approach to food
食物营养健康消费
consumption of nutritious and healthy food
絜矩之道
Xiejuzhidao (Principle for the Application of Rules and Norms).
执掌法度的原则。出自《礼记·大学》。《大学》主张，为政者在执政、处世时应以“絜矩之道”对待他人。“絜”本指量物体粗细的绳子，“矩”是画方形或直角的曲尺，“絜矩”连用，意为所执持的规矩、法度。这里的规矩、法度即是要求为政者推己及人，以自身所好所恶体察他人的诉求，不以己所不欲强加于人，并以此作为政治、行事的法度。
This is a principle for the application of rules and norms, first cited in The Book of Rites. The Book advocates the use of xieju by administrators in governance when dealing with people. Xie (絜) originally meant a string used for measuring the length of an object, while ju (矩) was a square used for drawing squares, rectangles or right angles. The combination of the two characters refers to rules and norms which must be upheld. In this case, the rules and norms require an administrator to put himself in others' position and judge their requests based on what he himself would want or not want, to not force upon others what he would reject, and to make this a norm in his governance and his work.
【引例 Citation】
◎所恶（wù）于上，毋以使下；所恶于下，毋以事上；所恶于前，毋以先后；所恶于后，毋以从前；所恶于右，毋以交于左；所恶于左，毋以交于右：此之谓絜矩之道。（《礼记·大学》）
我所厌恶的上位者对待自己的言行，就不要用它来任使下属；我所厌恶的下属对待自己的言行，就不要用它来应对上位者；我所厌恶的前面之人的言行，就不要用它来对待后面的人；我所厌恶的后面之人的言行，就不要用它来对待前面的人；我所厌恶的右面之人的言行，就不要用它来对待左面的人；我所厌恶的左面之人的言行，就不要用它来对待右面的人：这就是所谓的“絜矩之道”。
The words and deeds one abhors in a superior should not be applied to his subordinates; the words and deeds one abhors in a subordinate should not be applied to his superiors; the words and deeds one abhors in those who came before should not be applied to those who come after; the words and deeds one abhors in those who come after should not be applied to those who came before; the words and deeds one abhors in those on the right should not be applied to those on the left; the words and deeds one abhors in those on the left should not be applied to those on the right. This is what is known as principle for the application of rules and norms. (The Book of Rites)
