2024 第二十届中国模拟联合国大会

 -东北师范大学模拟联合国协会-

Topic Introduction

As the main driving force of the fourth industrial revolution, AI has begun to have creative functions that greatly enhance productivity and is transforming into generative AI. In November 2022, ChatGPT, an AI chatbot released by OpenAI, brought generative AI into people’s view and triggered worldwide attention and discussion. ChatGPT can not only carry out dialogues according to the text input by the user but also generate essays, poems, paintings, compositions, program codes, etc., which reflect certain logical abilities and creativity. In the face of the strong impact of ChatGPT and its huge potential, some scholars predict that ChatGPT will be widely used in industrial design, drug development, material science and other fields, and even change the way humans think and deal with problems, which is expected to form a “thinking revolution” and reshape the ecology of various industries and even the whole world. The world as a whole.

However, technology is naturally two-sided, and while generative AI technology represented by ChatGPT brings convenience and beautiful visions to people, it also carries certain illegal and criminal risks, which will leave a huge potential danger to personal rights and interests, social order, public security and even national security protection. AI may be used by criminals to commit crimes such as cyberfraud, phishing, cyberattacks, the generation and dissemination of false information, as well as data crawling and privacy violations. AI enables criminals to update their modus operandi rapidly and commit crimes more accurately, as well as lowering the threshold of crime and increasing its efficiency. More seriously, the fight against new types of crimes using AI faces difficulties in identification, evidence collection, accountability, and cross-regional law enforcement, posing a huge challenge to the international community’s AI governance.

In reality, there have been cases of criminals using generative AI to commit crimes. Both the theoretical and practical circles have gradually become aware of the risk of generative AI involvement in crime and the necessity of combating this new type of crime. Based on this, the international community must face up to the real threats posed by generative AI and rationalize the relationship between technological development and cybersecurity, crime-fighting and AI governance.

Topic Introduction

The Palestinian-Israeli Conflict refers to a series of confrontations that has complex historical, cultural, and religious factors, which is directly attributed to the influx of Jews into the Palestinian region since the Balfour Declaration and the unfair territorial division between Arabs and Jews by United Nations Resolution 181 in 1947 that subsequently triggered the First Middle East War and the tense relations between Israel and neighboring Arab countries. Subsequently, Israel has engaged in multiple wars with surrounding Arab countries around Palestine, the Suez Canal and Golan Heights.

In 1978, Egypt, the leading state of Arabian world has achieved the Camp David accords with Israel under the mediation of United States, initiating a new peace process in the Middle East. Afterwards, Palestine and Israel reached the Oslo Accords, that Israel agreed to return some of Palestine's territory and grant it the right to establish an independent political entity(Although not a definite Palestinian state). However, the growth of radical forces within both parties represented by the assassination of Rabin has once again plunged them into a spiral of opposition and hatred. After the 2006 Gaza War and prolonged confrontations, An armed conflict between Israel and Hamas Palestinian militant groups has been taking place chiefly in and around the Gaza Strip since 7 October 2023. It began when Hamas launched a surprise attack on southern Israel from the Gaza Strip. After clearing the militants from its territory, the Israeli military embarked on an extensive aerial bombardment of the Gaza Strip followed by a large-scale ground invasion beginning on 27 October, which is the most significant military engagement in the region since the Yom Kippur War 50 years earlier.

The “Two-State Solution” based on the border of 1967 is widely accepted by the international society as the fundamental framework for the peace progress of Palestinian-Israeli conflicts. However, in the recent conflicts, the ongoing firefights, humanitarian crises and political extremism make it difficult to reach a ceasefire agreement, while Israeli military occupation and Jewish settlements has been posing significant challenges to Palestinian territorial sovereignty and the two-state solution. It requires decisive action by the United Nations to stop Israel's occupation and continued settlement construction and call for the resumption of political negotiations between the both parties within the framework of "Two-State Solution" based on the 1967 border to establish an independent and complete sovereign state of Palestine. On that basis, the UN shall accept the Palestine state as the formal UN member state and ensure peaceful coexistence between Israel and Palestine as neighboring countries.

Topic Introduction

The protection of biodiversity is paramount in today’s world, especially with the rate of extinction being estimated to be between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher than the natural extinction rate. The ever-increasing focus on biodiversity protection among countries across the globe is also a result of the shift towards sustained, sustainable and inclusive growth and development. The introduction of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), as part of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development adopted in 2015, emphasized the need to balance economic growth with strategies that can protect social needs, reduce inequality and protect the environment. This further reinforced the common stance for the protection of the flora and fauna on Earth.

While Goal 14 (“Life Below Water”) and Goal 15 (“Life on Land”) can be seen as the two SDGs most directly related to the topic of biodiversity diversion, all 17 SDGs ultimately depend on healthy ecosystems and biodiversity. At the same time, progress in these SDGs will also have significant positive impacts on conserving biodiversity.

The High-level Political Forum on Sustainable Development (HLPF), as a subdivision of both the United Nations General Assembly and the United Nations Economic and Social Council, plays a central role in the follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and the SDGs at the global level. Over the years, various editions of the HLPF have also emphasized the addressing of biodiversity loss as a priority, with the 2022 HLPF also listing as Goals 14 and 15 as key focuses when it comes to efforts to reverse the negative impacts of the pandemic and bring the world back to the right path to realize the vision of the 2030 Agenda.

After all, the goals of a government extend across political, social and economic sectors, and the prioritizing of specific goals often come at the expense of others due to limitations when it comes to financing, resources and time. Such fora are hence key to addressing these conflicts between the pursuit of biodiversity protection and other governmental goals.

International organizations across the globe are aware of the importance of biodiversity and the need for action to halt biodiversity loss. However, despite efforts, human actions including unsustainable consumption and production have continued to slow down protection efforts and the attainment of the relevant SDGs. The HLPF hence looks forward to fruitful discussions and effective solutions from delegates to address the abovementioned challenges.

Topic Introduction

Despite the lifting of the Great War's gloom in the majority of regions, there remained areas where individuals had been subjected to the traumas of war and forcible displacement, and where the safeguards of human rights were under threat. In accordance with the UNHCR definition, refugee resettlement necessitates a collaborative endeavor on the part of numerous stakeholders, ultimately enabling refugees to attain a satisfactory quality of life. 

In the current context of political instability, the number of refugees in need of resettlement worldwide has exceeded 2.4 million. Refugees continue to face significant challenges in their living environment, health, food security and other basic necessities. These groups, which include women and children, remain particularly vulnerable, with significant deficiencies in their access to essential services such as safety, healthcare and education. For the countries in which refugees are resettled, the question of how to balance their domestic finances and improve social inclusion and stability is a topic that requires further discussion. In any case, the issue of refugee resettlement has consistently been a global concern, and the provision of assistance from the international community can significantly alleviate the burden on refugees. The provision of daily necessities, the promotion of employment and assistance in returning to one's home town are all universal solutions to the refugee problem. 

However, the complexity of the refugee problem has led to the necessity for targeted measures. What is the future for refugees? Where does the protection of human rights lead, and how can the GA3 contribute to the development of solutions for refugee resettlement?

Topic Introduction

The rapid advancement of Generative AI technologies has revolutionized many sectors, including education. From personalized learning experiences to the automation of administrative tasks, the potential benefits of generative AI are vast. However, alongside these opportunities come significant challenges such as ethical considerations, data privacy concerns, and the risk of exacerbating existing inequalities in education access and quality.

As the custodian of international standards in education, science, and culture, UNESCO is uniquely positioned to lead discussions on the responsible use and regulation of generative AI in education. Our goal is to ensure that these technologies are harnessed in ways that uphold human rights, promote inclusive education, and support sustainable development. Delegates will be tasked with addressing key issues, including defining the ethical frameworks for AI in education, establishing guidelines for data usage and privacy, and creating strategies to mitigate the digital divide, etc..

Generative AI offers a myriad of applications in education. It can personalize learning experiences by adapting educational content to meet the unique needs and learning paces of individual students. AI-driven tutoring systems can provide customized exercises and feedback, helping students master subjects more effectively. Additionally, generative AI can assist in content creation, from generating test questions to developing educational games and simulations that enhance engagement and understanding. Moreover, it can automate tasks such as grading, freeing up educators’ time to focus on more personalized interactions with students.

However, the integration of generative AI into education also raises several challenges and ethical considerations. One of the primary concerns is data privacy, as these systems often require access to large datasets, including personal information about students and teachers. Ensuring that this data is handled securely and ethically is crucial to maintaining trust and protecting individuals' rights. Another critical issue is the potential for bias in AI-generated content. Since generative AI models are trained on existing data, they can inadvertently perpetuate biases present in those datasets. This can lead to the creation of content that reflects and reinforces existing inequalities, whether related to gender, race, socio-economic status, or other factors. It is essential to develop strategies to identify and mitigate such biases, ensuring that AI-driven education technologies promote inclusivity and equity.

Furthermore, the widespread adoption of generative AI in education poses questions about the digital divide. As these technologies require robust digital infrastructure, there is a risk that students in under-resourced regions or countries may be left behind. Addressing this issue involves not only technological solutions but also policy frameworks that promote equitable access to digital tools and resources.

Our committee will delve into these topics, aiming to create a comprehensive set of guidelines and best practices. By fostering a global dialogue, UNESCO seeks to ensure that generative AI is used responsibly and effectively in education, benefiting all learners and contributing to the broader goals of sustainable development and educational equity.

Topic Introduction

First, population ageing has a significant impact on social structures. As the proportion of older persons increases, the demographic pyramid of society gradually becomes inverted, with the narrower base of the younger workforce facing increased burdens in terms of pensions, health care and long-term care.

Second, the economy has also been profoundly affected by population ageing. The increase in the elderly population implies a change in the structure of consumption, with a shift from traditional durable consumer goods to demands for health care and elderly services. This poses challenges to the structure of market supply and demand, the labor market and the potential for economic growth.

Third, population ageing also places new demands on the demand for health and social services. As the proportion of elderly people increases, there is a growing demand for long-term care, geriatric disease management and mental health.

In summary, population ageing is not just a single-country problem, but a common challenge on a global scale. Countries need to adopt effective policy measures to promote health for all, extend healthy life expectancy, and optimize social security systems in order to address the multifaceted challenges posed by population ageing.

Through international cooperation and experience-sharing, we can jointly explore solutions that suit each country's situation and contribute to the sustainable development of the global ageing society.

Topic Introduction

MPC is the abbreviation of Main Press Center, which is composed of well-known media (including news agencies, radio and television centers, newspapers and network media, etc.) from various countries, and the representatives of the main press center are media representatives. The main press center can hold press conferences and distribute newspapers and other publications. During the meeting, media representatives made newsletters, commentaries and news broadcasts on the proceedings of the committees.

In the Model United Nations Conference, the main press center, as the intelligence agency and communication agency in a conference, has the role of promoting the conference process. The purpose of setting up the main press center is to simulate the atmosphere and structure of real United Nations conferences in an all-round and realistic way. The organizing committee of the conference also hopes that all committee representatives will play games and cooperate through the means of international news communication.

Journalists in the Model United Nations need to establish an effective balance between the position of their newspaper and the interests of the country. Ordinary journalists will only be led by the national representatives of the Standing Committee, but excellent journalists are the backbone of the Model United Nations Conference to help the Standing Committee promote the process of the meeting and improve the quality of the meeting!

Born with a pair of eyes, capture the focus of people's livelihood. Practice a magic pen, each word strikes at the heart of contemporary problems. Warm blood and enthusiasm, write the sufferings of the people. Open, just and fair, objective and not afraid of power.