学术论文｜调水调沙对黄河口邻近海域沉积环境的影响

政务 2024-11-20 16:49 辽宁

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作者：赵玉庭、孙珊、王立明、苏博、由丽萍、齐延民、马元庆
单位：山东省海洋资源与环境研究院山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室
DOI：10.12111/j.mes.2023-x-0272

中文摘要

本文依据2020年黄河口邻近海域调水调沙过程中的沉积物现场调查结果，分析了主要沉积环境指标及分布特征，评估了重金属生态风险并解析了污染源。结果表明，黄河口邻近海域沉积物粒度组成以粉砂为主，砂次之，粘土最少，调水调沙中期粉砂含量增高，砂和粘土含量降低；调水调沙过程中硫化物含量基本稳定，Cd、Cu、Zn含量增高，中、后期有机碳含量升高明显，受调水调沙影响显著；生态风险评估显示潜在生态风险因子以Cd为主，受调水调沙影响，中期、后期Cd污染较前期严重；Cd、Cu、Zn含量受沉积物粒径和有机碳含量影响，Pb、As含量影响因素较多；Cd、Pb、Cu、As、Zn主要来源于陆源径流输入、自然风化和化石燃料开采，Hg主要来源于大气沉降，受调水调沙影响不明显。

关键词：

调水调沙；黄河口；沉积物；重金属；分布特征；生态风险评价

Abstract

Based on geochemical properties of sediment observed in Yellow River Estuary during the water and sediment discharge regulation (WSDR) project period, 2020, the changes of the content and distribution characteristics of major sediment factors in the surface sediment were analyzed, and ecological risk assessment and pollution source analysis were conducted on heavy metals. The results showed that the contents of silt and sand were higher than that of clay, and the content of silt increases, while the content of sand and clay decreases during WSDR project; The sulfide content did not change significantly during WSDR process, while the organic carbon content increased significantly in the middle and later stages; The WSDR project leads to an increase of the contents of Cd, Cu, and Zn, while the contents of other heavy metals did not change; Cadmium was determined as the principal ecological risk factor, and its contribution ratio was the highest among six studied elements. Cd pollution in the middle and later stages was more severe than early stages which was affected by WSDR project. Pearson correlation coefficient between environmental factors showed that sediment grain size and organic carbon were two important factors in the distribution of heavy metal of cadmium、copper and zinc; other heavy metals had no obvious correlation with grain size, which may be caused by comprehensive factors. The analysis of pollution sources indicated that Cd, Pb, Cu, As, and Zn mainly come from composite pollution sources such as natural weathering, terrestrial river input, and fossil fuel extraction such as oil and gas; Hg mainly come from atmospheric sedimentation pollution and was not significantly affected by WSDR project.

Key words：

water and sediment discharge regulation (WSDR); Yellow River Estuary; sediment; heavy metals; distribution characteristics; ecological risk

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来源：《海洋环境科学》

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