11.What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A)The efforts of early humans to care for herds of animals
(B)The development of writing
(C)The beginnings of mathematics
(D)Similarities in number sense be-tween humans and animals
12.The word“conjectural”in line 5 is closest in meaning to
(A)complex
(B)based on guessing
(C)unbelievable
(D)supported by careful research
13.Why does the author mention animals in line 9?
(A)To support a theory about the behavior of early humans
(B)To identify activities that are distinctly human
(C)To illustrate the limits of a historical record of human development
(D)To establish that early humans kept domesticated animals
14.The word"it"in line 11 refers to
(A)evolution
(B)counting
(C)tribe
(D)shepherd
15.What is the basic principle of the tally method described in the second paragraph?
(A)The count is recorded permanently.
(B)Calculations provide the total count
(C)Large quantities are represented by symbols.
(D)Each marker represents a single object.
16.The word“employing”in line 13 is closest in meaning to
(A)using
(B)paying
(C)focusing
(D)hiring
17.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an early method of counting?
(A)Cutting notches
(B)Bending fingers
(C)Piling stones
(D)Tying knots
18.The word“maintained”in line 15 is closest in meaning to
(A)justified
(B)asserted
(C)located
(D)kept
19.The word“assortment”in line 17 is closest in meaning to
(A)instrument
(B)variety
(C)surplus
(D)symbol
20.It can be inferred that research in other academic fields relates to research in the author's field in which of the following ways?
(A)It contributes relevant information.
(B)It is carried out on a simpler level.
(C)It is less reliable than research in the author's field.
(D)It causes misunderstandings if applied to the author's field.
21.Which of the following conclusions is supported by the passage?
(A)Counting processes did not develop until after writing became widespread.
(B)Early counting methods required herds of animals.
(C)Mathematics has remained unchanged since ancient times.
(D)Early humans first counted because of necessity.
22.Where in the passage does the author mention the ability of animals to recognize small and large groups?
(A)Lines 1-2
(B)Lines 6-9
(C)Lines 10-12
(D)Lines 17-18
答案：
11-15：CBACD
16-20：ACDBA
21-22：DB
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