过去完成时
【时态】
【完成时】分为两大类：
1.现在完成时
2.过去完成时
过去完成时
提取码:6695
运用
一、句型
【肯定句】主语+had+过去分词+其他
【否定句】主语+had not（=hadn't）+其他
【疑问句】Had +主语+过去分词+其他
如:
I had finished my homework by nine o'clock last night.
在昨天晚上9点之前，我就完成了我的作业
➡️否定:
I hadn't finished my homework by nine o'clock last night.
➡️疑问:
Had you finished your homework by nine o'clock last night?
过去分词这个老朋友大家已经不陌生了
在现在完成时，被动语态中都会涉及过去分词
它分为规则变化和不规则变化
➡️规则动词
➡️不规则动词
二、时间状语
在简单句中常与by（在...之前，到...时候）/ before（在...前）构成的时间状语连用
➡️by+过去时间点
I had finished my project by ten o'clock last night.
➡️before+过去时间点
I had reached company before eight o'clock this morning.
➡️by the end of +过去时间点
表示“到...末为止”
I had learned 800 English words by the end of last term.
➡️by the time+从句，表示“在...之前/到...时候”，相当于when
By the time we got there, the train had gone.
By the time they called, I had left.
三、上下文语境
过去完成时的定义是发生在过去的过去
即动作有先后关系
动作发生在前的➡️过去完成时
动作发生在后的➡️一般过去时
如: She said she had seen the film before.
她说她之前已经看过这部电影了。
【这是一个宾语从句，she said这个动作已经是发生在过去，那么“看电影”是发生在说说话之前， 所以用过去完成时】
When I got to the station, the train had already left.
当我到达车站的时候，火车已经开走了。
【这是一个时间状语从句，“火车离开”是在“到达车站”之前，因此要用过去完成时】
结合九年级Unit 12 Section A的听力来看过去完成时
听力文稿:
Boy: Hi, Mary. You look so tired.
Mary: I am. I had a bad morning.
Boy: Really? What happened?
Mary: Well, first of all I overslept. By the time I got up, my brother had already gotten in the shower.
Boy: Oh, what a pain!
Mary: So, after he got out of the shower, I took a quick shower and got dressed. But by the time I went outside, the bus had already left.
Boy: Oh, no!
Mary: Oh, yes! So I ran all the way to school. But when I got to school, I realized I had left my backpack at home.
Boy: No wonder you look stressed.
Boy: So then what did you do, Mary?
Mary: Well, I ran home to get my backpack. But when I got home, I realized I had left my keys in the backpack.
Boy: You’re kidding!
Mary: So I ran back to school without my keys or my backpack. But by the time I got back to school, the bell had rung.
Boy: Oh, no!
Mary: And by the time I walked into class, the teacher had started teaching already. She asked for our homework, but of course I didn’t have it.
总结
✍总结：
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