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点这里，获取通用考博英语词汇4000+
在英语学习过程中，词汇量的累积，是培养语言技能的基础。应对考博英语的拦路虎——长难句，词义的掌握、词汇量的累积也显得格外重要！对单词的掌握，靠的是日积月累、及时复习。
小赛将带着同学们进行考博英语每日高低频词的打卡，利用碎片化时间快速记忆，让学英语变成一个良好的习惯。
excess [ɪkˈses , ˈekses] n./adj.
excess (of sth.) 超过；过度；过分He started drinking to excess after losing his job.
他失业后便开始酗酒了。
The increase will not be in excess of two per cent.
增加幅度不会超过百分之二。
We cover costs up to ￡600 and then you pay the excess.
我们最多支付600英镑的费用，超过的部分由你支付。
There is an excess of ￡100 on each claim under this policy.
本保险单每次索赔均有100英镑的免赔额。
We need a free press to curb government excesses.
我们需要新闻自由来约束政府的越轨行为。
同：immoderation, exorbitance; additional, added, attached, extra, plus
excessiveness 过度（非常，格外）；冗余
excessive [ɪkˈsesɪv] adj.
They complained about the excessive noise coming from the upstairs flat. Excessive drinking can lead to stomach disorders. 派：excess 额外的，过量的；附加的超过；超额；过度，过量；无节制excessiveness 过度（非常，格外）；冗余
executive [ɪɡˈzekjətɪv] adj./n.
adj. 经营管理的；有执行权的；高级的；供重要人物使用的
n. 主管；行政领导；（政府的）行政部门；执行委员会executive producer 执行制作人；执行制片；策划；监制Chief Executive Officer 首席执行官；执行总裁；执行长；最高执行官The union’s executive has/have yet to reach a decision. Executive power is held by the president. She has an executive position in a finance company. 同：administrative, front-office; manager
ex 出 + haust 抽水 → 抽出 → 抽干Exhaust fumes are bad for your health.
When your exhaust pipe falls off, you have to replace it. Even a short walk exhausted her. Within three days they had exhausted their supply of food. I think we’ve exhausted that particular topic. 同：issue, drain out; air out; air discharge, flue gas
existence [ɪɡˈzɪstəns] n.
come into existence 开始存在；出现；成立in existence 现有的；现存的；实际存在的；实有的 This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence.
Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war. The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence. 同：presence, being, entity, life, is
existential 存在主义的；有关存在的；存在判断的existentialist 存在主义的；存在主义者distribute [dɪˈstrɪbjuːt] v.
构词：dis 分散 + tribut 给予 + e → 分开来给 → 分配；区分常用搭配：distribute sth. (to/among sb./sth.) 分发，分配例句：The organization distributed food to the earthquake victims.Pressure must be uniformly distributed over the whole surface.distributor 经销商；[电] 分配器；分配者；散布者；[电] 配电盘district [ˈdɪstrɪkt] n.
例句：The district is under consideration for designation as a conservation area.The District Council made a weekly collection of refuse.同：zone, area, belt, region, stretchdisturb [dɪˈstɜːb] v.
v. 打扰，干扰，妨碍；搅乱，弄乱，搞乱；使焦虑，使不安，使烦恼构词：dis 分散 + turb 搅动 → 搅动开 → 扰乱例句：Don’t disturb the papers on my desk.It disturbed her to realize that she was alone.同：provoke, anger, annoy, badger, bother, hound, irritate, pesterdisturbance [dɪˈstɜːbəns] n.
n. 打扰，干扰，妨碍；骚乱，骚动，动乱；障碍，失调，紊乱构词：disturb 干扰 + ance 状态，性质，状况 → 扰乱例句：The building work is creating constant noise, dust and disturbance.He was charged with causing a disturbance after the game.同：interference, care, obstacle, disorder, worriesditch [dɪtʃ] n./v.
n. 沟；渠
v. 摆脱，抛弃，丢弃；使（飞机）在海上紧急降落，（在海上）迫降
例句：The car ran off the road into a ditch.
汽车猛地开出路面，掉进沟里。
The new road building programme has been ditched.
新的道路建设计划已废弃。
拓展：
同：drain, channel
dive [daɪv] v./n.
v. 跳水；潜水；下潜，潜到更深的水下；俯冲；突然下降，暴跌；扑，冲，奔；假摔n. 跳水；潜水；扑，冲，俯冲；下等酒吧，低级夜总会；假摔，故意跌倒常用搭配：dive from/off sth. to sth. 跳水dive into sth. 迅速将手伸入（包或口袋里）make a dive (for sth.) 迅速移动，猛然一跳，扑跃例句：The main purpose of his holiday to Greece was to go diving.Profits really took a dive last year.divert [daɪˈvɜːt] v.
v. 使转向，使绕道，转移；改变（资金、材料等）的用途；转移（某人）的注意力，使分心；娱乐，供消遣构词：di 使……分开，离开 + vert 转 → 转开 → 转向常用搭配：divert sb./sth. (from sth.) (to sth.) 使转向，使绕道，转移例句：Northbound traffic will have to be diverted onto minor roads.Children are easily diverted.divide [dɪˈvaɪd] v./n.
v. （使）分开，分散，分割，分成；分配，分享，分担；把（时间、精力等）分别用于；使分离，使分开；是……的分界线，分隔，把……隔开；分岔；使产生分歧，使意见不一；除以
构词：di 使……分开，离开 + vid 分开 + e → 分开常用搭配：divide sth. up into sth. （使）分开，分散，分割，分成divide sth. up/out between/among sb. 分配，分享，分担divide between A and B 不同，差异，分歧例句：We divided the work between us.We need to try and narrow the health divide between rich and poor.同：separate, isolate, part; shed, watersheddividend [ˈdɪvɪdend] n.
构词：di 二，两 + vid 分开 + end 表抽象名词 → 一变二，二变多 → 股息常用搭配：pay dividends 有所收获；产生效益例句：Exercising regularly will pay dividends in the end.The first quarter dividend has been increased by nearly 4 per cent.divine [dɪˈvaɪn] adj./v.
adj. 天赐的，上帝的，神的；绝妙的，非凡的，极美的例句：He suggested that the civil war had been a divine punishment.She could divine what he was thinking just by looking at him.同：guess, predict, prognosticate; remarkable, extraordinary, wonderful, excellent, famousdivinely 凭神的力量；象神一样地；庄严地；极好地division [dɪˈvɪʒn] n.
n. 分开，分隔，分配，（分出来的）部分；除（法）; 分歧，不和，差异；部门；级；分界线；分组表决构词：divide 划分 + sion 行为，行为的过程和结果 → 分开常用搭配：division of sth. between A and B/division of sth. into sth.例句：A hedge forms the division between their land and ours.There are deep divisions in the party over the war.同：ministry, department, sector, segmentation, domdivorce [dɪˈvɔːs] n./v.
v. 与（某人）离婚，判（某人）离婚；使分离，使脱离构词：di 使……分开，离开 + vorc〔 = vert转〕+ e → 从〔丈夫〕身边转开 → 离婚常用搭配：divorce between A and B 分离，脱离divorce sb./sth. from sth. 使分离，使脱离例句：I tried to get my life back on track after my divorce.They believed that art should be divorced from politics.同：separation, detachment; separate, splitdizzy [ˈdɪzi] adj./v.
adj. 头晕目眩的，眩晕的；使人眩晕的，使人头昏眼花的，使人感到变化太快的；愚蠢的，笨的常用搭配：the dizzy heights (of sth.) 重要的职位，显赫的地位 例句：I escalated to the dizzy heights of director’s secretary.The sudden height dizzied her and she clung tightly.同：bewildered, confused, faint; cloud, confusedo [duː , də , dəʊ] v./n.
v. 做，干，办（某事）；进展，进行；从事（工作），进行（活动），执行（任务）；做，从事；学习，研究；解答，解决；做出，制作；演出，编排；仿效，模仿，扮演；走过，旅行过；走完，完成；以……速度行进，达到……速度；参观，游览，在……观光；处理，照料；烹制，煮，烧，煎；欺骗；惩罚，处罚；盗窃，抢劫；（毒）do away with sth. 废除；取消；结束do sb. out of sth. 阻止某人拥有，剥夺do sth.↔over 重新清理，重新装饰；重做，重复，再做一遍；入室盗窃例句：These shoes won’t do for the party.Here are some dos and don’ts for exercise during pregnancy.dock [əˈkɔːd] n./v.
v. 进港，停靠码头，进入船坞；对接；扣除（部分工资等）；剪短（动物的尾巴）构词：dis 除去 + cover 遮，盖；盖子 → 除去覆盖物 → 发现常用搭配：dock sth. (from/off sth.) 扣除（部分工资等）例句：He’s been in the dock several times already.They’ve docked 15% off my pay for this week.同：wharf, berth, pier; crop, bobdockage 船坞使用费；[水运] 码头费；扣除；削减doctor [ˈdɒktə(r)] n./v.
v. 篡改，伪造；将有害物掺入（食物或饮料）中；阉割（动物）构词：doct 教；观点 + or 表人 → 受过〔最高〕教育的人 → 博士例句：You’d better see a doctor about that cough.He was accused of doctoring the figures.派：doctoral 博士的；博士学位的；有博士学位的doctrine [ˈdɒktrɪn] n.
构词：doctr〔= doct〕教；观点 + ine 表抽象名词 → 用于教导〔条文〕→ 教条例句：The doctrine was based on three fundamental principles.As a Christian, he has to abide by Christian doctrine.同：dogma, orthodoxy, principle, theory, belief, teachingdocument [ˈdɒkjumənt , ˈdɒkjument] n./v.
构词：docu〔= doc〕教；观点 + ment 具体物 → 用于证实观点的物品 → 文件例句：Copies of the relevant documents must be filed at court.Causes of the disease have been well documented.同：certificate, charter, diploma派：documentary 记录的；文件的；记实的documentary [ˌdɒkjuˈmentri] n./adj.
adj. 文件的，文献的，由文件（或文献）组成的；记录的，纪实的例句：The documentary presents him in a very unfavourable light.We have documentary evidence that they were planning military action.dog [dɒɡ] n./v.
n. 犬；公狗，公狐，公狼；蹩脚货，失败；丑女人；家伙，小人，无赖常用搭配：(a case of) dog eat dog 残酷无情的竞争；损人利己的角逐；相互残杀a dog’s breakfast/dinner 乱七八糟；一团糟not have a dog’s chance 毫无机会；绝无可能例句：He had been dogged by bad health all his life.This firm’s gone to the dogs since the new management took over.同：insect, chien; shadow, tail after![]()
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