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Part 1: Past Simple vs. Past Continuous
第一部分：一般过去时与过去进行时
When to Use Past Simple
什么时候使用一般过去时？
The past simple describes actions that occurred at one specific time in the past. These actions are completed and often come with time markers like yesterday, last week, or in 2010.
一般过去时用于描述在过去某个特定时间发生的动作。这些动作已经完成，常伴有时间标志词，如 yesterday（昨天）、last week（上周）或 in 2010（2010年）。
Examples:
"Alex arrived late." (A single completed action.)
亚历克斯迟到了。（一个单独的完成动作）"She went to the party last night."
她昨晚去了派对。
When to Use Past Continuous
什么时候使用过去进行时？
The past continuous describes actions that were in progress at a specific time in the past. These actions often provide background context for other events.
过去进行时用于描述过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作。这些动作通常为其他事件提供背景。
Examples:
"I was watching TV when the phone rang." (Background action: watching TV; main action: phone rang.)
我正在看电视，这时电话响了。（背景动作：看电视；主要动作：电话响了）"We were having dinner when Alex arrived."
我们正在吃晚餐，这时亚历克斯到了。
Using Them Together
两者结合使用
These tenses are frequently combined to describe a longer action interrupted by a shorter one:
这些时态常一起使用，用于描述一个较长的动作被一个较短的动作打断的情况：
"While I was walking to school, I saw a dog."
我正走在去学校的路上，这时我看到了一只狗。
Key signal words:关键信号词：
Past simple: when
一般过去时常用 when（当……时）Past continuous: while
过去进行时常用 while（当……时候）
语法笔记与例句
Past Continuous Form
过去进行时的构成
The past continuous is formed with the past tense of be (was/were) + verb + -ing.
过去进行时由 be 的过去式 (was/were) + 动词的 -ing 形式构成。
Affirmative: "I was reading a book."
肯定句：我在看书。Negative: "She wasn’t studying."
否定句：她没有在学习。Question: "Were they running?"
疑问句：他们在跑步吗？
Examples:
例句：
"Randy was running very fast, but he wasn’t winning!"
兰迪跑得很快，但他没有赢！"Alice was computer games. She wasn’t doing her homework."
艾丽斯在玩电脑游戏。她没在写作业。"What were you doing when it happened?"
事情发生时你在做什么？
Past Simple Form
一般过去时的构成
The past simple is typically formed by adding -ed to regular verbs, or using the second form of irregular verbs.
一般过去时通常通过在规则动词后加 -ed 或使用不规则动词的第二形式构成。
Affirmative: "She walked to the park."
肯定句：她走到了公园。Negative: "She didn’t walk to the park."
否定句：她没去公园。Question: "Did she walk to the park?"
疑问句：她去公园了吗？
Examples:
例句：
"Belle finished her homework."
贝尔完成了作业。"Charles didn’t hear the bell."
查尔斯没听到铃声。
第二部分：动词 was 和 were 的弱读和重读形式
What Are Weak and Strong Forms?
什么是弱读和重读形式？
In natural English, was and were are pronounced differently depending on whether they are stressed or unstressed in a sentence. This variation creates the rhythm and melody of English speech.
在自然的英语中，was 和 were 的发音根据句中是否重读而有所不同。这种变化构成了英语的节奏和韵律。
Strong Forms
: Used when the word is stressed or spoken in isolation.
重读形式
：用于单词被强调或单独说出时。
Examples:
"Yes, it was him!" (/wɒz/ or /wɑːz/).
是的，就是他！（/wɒz/ 或 /wɑːz/）"They were very late." (/wɜː/).
他们迟到了很多。（/wɜː/）Weak Forms:
Used in unstressed positions to create a smoother rhythm.
弱读形式
：用于非重读位置以创造更流畅的节奏。
Examples:
"He was here yesterday." (/wəz/).
他昨天在这里。（/wəz/）"They were on time." (/wə/).
他们准时到了。（/wə/）
Negative Forms of Was and Were
Was 和 Were 的否定形式
Negative forms also have weak and strong pronunciations.
否定形式同样有弱读和重读两种发音。
Strong Forms:
"wasn't" → /ˈwɒznt/ or /ˈwɑːznt/
"weren't" → /ˈwɜːnt/
Weak Forms:
"wasn't" → /ˈwəznt/
"weren't" → /ˈwənt/
Connection to Past Continuous
与过去进行时的联系
In sentences with past continuous, was and were are common auxiliary verbs. Recognizing their weak forms helps students understand fast speech and sound more fluent.
在含有过去进行时的句子中，was 和 were 是常用的助动词。掌握其弱读形式有助于学生听懂快速语音并让自己的语音更流利。
Examples:
例句：
Strong: "Was Randy running?" (/wɒz/)
重读形式：兰迪在跑步吗？（/wɒz/）Weak: "He was running very fast!" (/wəz/)
弱读形式：他跑得很快！（/wəz/）Negative strong: "No, he wasn't." (/ˈwɒznt/)
否定重读：不，他没跑。（/ˈwɒznt/）
Conclusion
总结
Understanding the past simple, past continuous, and the weak/strong forms of was and were is crucial for mastering English. It helps learners speak naturally, listen effectively, and describe past events with precision. Practice regularly to build confidence in both grammar and pronunciation!
掌握一般过去时、过去进行时，以及 was 和 were 的弱读与重读形式，是学好英语的关键。这不仅有助于自然表达，还能提高听力和准确描述过去事件的能力。通过定期练习，你会逐渐建立语法和发音的信心！
A Dreamy Accident
Boy: Hey, did you have an accident?
Girl: Yeah, kind of.
Boy: What happened?
Girl:
Well, I was running in a marathon,
I was doing really well,
I was getting to the finish line
When I heard a bell.
Boy: Did you win the race?
Girl: No, I didn't.
Boy: What happened?
Girl:
There were lots of people cheering,
But then there was this bell.
It was ringing really loudly,
And then—
And then I fell.
Boy: What?!
Girl:
I fell out of bed.
Oh no! It was only a dream!
Boy: A dream?
Girl:
I hit my head.
Boy: Well, that's… extreme.
Grammar Note:
We use the past continuous to describe background actions in the past and the past simple for actions that happened at one moment.
我们使用过去进行时（past continuous）来描述过去作为背景的动作，而用一般过去时（past simple）来表示某一时刻发生的动作。
I was getting to the finish line when I heard a bell.
（我正要到达终点线的时候，听到了一声铃响。）She got an idea while she was watching a TV program.
（她在看电视节目的时候，突然想到了一个主意。）
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