灵枢·五阅五使
Miraculous Pivot · Five Inspections and Five Envoys
黄帝问于岐伯曰：余闻刺有五官五阅，以观五气。五气者，五脏之使也，五时之副也。愿闻其五使当安出？The Yellow Emperor asked Qi Bo, saying: "I have heard that there are five sense organs and five inspections in acupuncture, by which the five qi can be observed. The five qi are the envoys of the five zang-organs and are also related to the five seasons. I would like to know how these five envoys manifest?"
黄帝问岐伯说：我听说在针刺治疗疾病时，有五官五官的诊法，可以用来观测五气。所谓五气，是指五脏的内在的变化反映于体表的现象，是由五脏产生和支配的，它的盛衰与春、夏、长夏、秋、冬五季相配合。我想知道五脏之气是怎样表现在面部的呢？
岐伯曰：五官者，五脏之阅也。Qi Bo said: "The five sense organs are the means of inspecting the five zang-organs."
岐伯说：人的面部五官，是五脏在身体外部的反映。
黄帝曰：愿闻其所出，令可为常。The Yellow Emperor said: "I would like to know how they manifest so that it can be a regular method of diagnosis."
黄帝说：我想知道五官是如何反映五脏的变化，以便把它作为诊断的常规。
岐伯曰：脉出于气口，色见于明堂，五色更出，以应五时，各如其常，经气入臓，必当治理。Qi Bo said: "The pulse can be felt at the qi kou (the radial artery at the wrist). The complexion can be seen in the ming tang (the area between the eyebrows and the root of the nose). The five colors appear alternately to correspond to the five seasons, each in its normal way. When the meridian qi enters the zang-organs, it must be regulated and treated properly."
岐伯说：五脏的变化可以通过脉象的形式表现于寸口，也可以通过五色的形式表现在明堂（即鼻子）。青、赤、黄、白、黑五色交替出现，与五季气候的变化相应，每一时令都有其正常的所主颜色在鼻部显现，如果邪气循经络深入内脏，必然出现异常的颜色，此时应根据变化的颜色所对应的内在脏腑进行治疗。
帝曰：善。五色独决于明堂乎？The Emperor said: "Good. Is the diagnosis of the five colors only determined by the ming tang?"
黄帝说：讲得好。诊察五色仅只取决于鼻部吗？
岐伯曰：五官已辨，阙庭必张，乃立明堂，明堂广大，蕃蔽见外，方壁高基，引垂居外，五色乃治，平搏广大，寿中百岁，见此者，刺之必已，如是之人者，血气有余，肌肉坚致，故可苦以针。Qi Bo said: "When the five sense organs have been distinguished, the que ting (the area between the eyebrows) must be open, and then the ming tang is established. If the ming tang is broad and large, with the fan bi (the sideburns and the area around the ears) visible on the outside, like a square wall with a high foundation and the hanging parts (such as the ears) protruding outward, the five colors will be in a normal state. If the pulse is even and broad, one can live up to a hundred years. When seeing such a person, acupuncture treatment will surely be effective. People like this have abundant qi and blood, and their muscles are firm and solid, so they can endure the pain of acupuncture."
岐伯说：如果五官的气色分明，两眉之间和额头开阔饱满，鼻子宽而高，脸颊至耳门的肌肉丰满凸起，耳边四周的骨骼和肌肉方正，下颚高厚，耳垂凸露于外很长，面部五色表现正常，五官端正宽阔而匀称，那么这样的人就能够活过一百岁。观察到以上的面部表现，即使发生疾病，施用针刺也一定能够治愈。因为像这样的人，气血充足，肌肉坚实致密，所以可以迅速地用针刺进行治疗。
黄帝曰：愿闻五官。The Yellow Emperor said: "I would like to hear about the five sense organs."
黄帝说：我想了解五官与五脏的相互关系。
岐伯曰：鼻者，肺之官也。目者，肝之官也。口唇者，脾之官也。舌者，心之官也。耳者，肾之官也。Qi Bo said: "The nose is the organ of the lung. The eyes are the organ of the liver. The lips are the organ of the spleen. The tongue is the organ of the heart. The ears are the organ of the kidney."
岐伯说：鼻是反映肺脏的外象器官，眼睛是反映肝脏的外象器官，口唇是反映脾脏的外象器官，舌是反映心脏的外象器官，耳是反映肾脏的外象器官。
黄帝曰：以官何候？The Yellow Emperor said: "What can be observed through these organs?"
黄帝说：从五官的表现，如何推断疾病呢？
岐伯曰：以候五脏。故肺病者，喘息鼻张。肝病者，眦青。脾病者，唇黄。心病者，舌卷短，颧赤。肾病者，颧与颜黑。Qi Bo said: "To observe the five zang-organs. Therefore, in those with lung diseases, there will be wheezing and nasal flaring. In those with liver diseases, the canthi will be bluish. In those with spleen diseases, the lips will be yellow. In those with heart diseases, the tongue will be curled and short, and the zygomatic region will be red. In those with kidney diseases, both the zygomatic region and the face will be black."
岐伯说：通过五官的表现，可以推断五脏的病变。肺的病变，出现呼吸喘急，鼻翼煽动。肝的病变，出现眼角发青。脾的病变，出现口唇发黄。心的病变，出现舌体卷曲短缩，两颧发红。肾的病变，出现两颧和额部发黑。
黄帝曰：五脉安出，五色安见，其常色殆者如何？The Yellow Emperor said: "How do the five pulses manifest? How do the five colors appear? What about when the normal complexion is abnormal?"
黄帝说：有的人脉象是正常的，五色也是正常的，但这种人虽然气色正常，一得病却很危险，这是什么原因呢？
岐伯曰：五官不辨，阙庭不张，小其明堂，蕃蔽不见，又埤其墙，墙下无基，垂角去外，如是者，虽平常殆，况加疾哉？Qi Bo said: "If the five sense organs cannot be differentiated, the area between the eyebrows (que ting) is not open, ming tang is small, the sideburns and the area around the ears (fan bi) are not visible, the areas like sideburns which can be regarded as 'walls' are low (that is, not prominent), there is no base or foundation beneath these 'walls', and the hanging parts such as the ears do not protrude outward. In such circumstances, even if a person is in a normal state of health, there is already a certain risk, let alone when they are ill."
岐伯说：五官的气色不分明，两眉之间和额头不开阔，鼻子窄小，脸颊至耳门的肌肉不饱满，耳边四周骨骼和肌肉坍陷，下颚平陷，耳垂和耳上角尖窄且向外翻，像这样的人，在平时就体质很弱，更何况再遇到疾病呢？
黄帝曰：五色之见于明堂，以观五脏之气，左右高下，各有形乎？The Yellow Emperor asked, "When the five colors are manifested in ming tang, for observing the qi of the five zang-organs, do they have different shapes respectively in terms of left and right, as well as high and low positions?"
黄帝说：五脏表现于鼻部，据此可以推断五脏之气的内在变化，那么在鼻的左右上下，有一定的反映部位吗？
岐伯曰：脏腑之在中也，各以次舍，左右上下，各如其度也。Qi Bo said: "The zang-fu organs are located in the body, each staying in its proper place, and their positions on the left and right, and in the upper and lower, are all in accordance with their proper degrees."
岐伯说：脏腑深居于胸腹之中，各有一定的位置，所以反映五脏之气盛衰的五色，在鼻子的左右上下也有一定的位置。
