近日，爱尔兰东南理工大学（SETU）推出“网红”（influencer）专业引发关注。
🤔️小作业：
1. How does Irene McCormick describe the potential benefits of the degree for students?
A) It allows students to quickly gain millions of followers on social media.
B) It equips students with practical skills and theoretical knowledge to succeed online.
C) It guarantees high-paying sponsorship deals after graduation.
D) It emphasizes content creation without focusing on target demographics.
无注释原文：
There's now a university degree for influencers in Ireland, and students say it's 'serious business'
From: FORTUNE
It's a job that didn't exist until recently but becoming an influencer is an ever more popular career path among Gen-Z youth in the modern era of social media.
Now a first-of-its-kind course at an Irish university is teaching wannabe influencers how to convert online presence and content on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok and YouTube into revenue streams.
“Influencing is something that's catching fire,” course director Irene McCormick told AFP at South East Technological University (SETU) in Carlow, an hour's drive southwest from the capital Dublin.
The idea grew out of a summer crash course “Digital Hustle” launched by McCormick that was taught by TikTokers and attracted 350 applicants for 30 places.
“It got amazing traction, we could see the appetite for more, so we broadened it to degree level,” said McCormick, a former television producer and director.
After two years of development the course — a four-year-long bachelor's degree in “Content Creation and Social Media” — received accreditation and welcomed its first intake of 15 students last month.
On the state-of-the-art campus, students chatted, took selfies and scrolled their social media feeds on smartphones during a break between classes.
“My friends tell me I talk a lot so I thought I might as well make money out of it and try this course,” Harry Odife, 22, told AFP in the campus TV studio during a roleplay exercise.
Most of the students are already immersed in the digital space or working in it and want to expand their toolset and knowledge, McCormick said.
“You can try to learn yourself at home but being empowered with practice and theory about how to connect with target demographics online is going to make a big difference to your career,” she added.
The term “influencer” was officially added to the dictionary in 2019, and refers to a person well-known through use of social media who uses their celebrity to endorse, promote, or generate interest in products and brands, often for payment.
Surveys consistently show that most Gen-Z youths — those born between 1997 and 2012 — would consider a job as a vlogger, YouTuber or professional streamer.
“Of course people want to make money from influencing, so we look particularly at person branding, how to monetise being influential over large online followings,” said McCormick.
Students said they hoped the course would help them leverage their interests and hobbies which range from beauty and fashion to entertainment, social justice, and sport.
“I post a lot of the hairstyles I do on TikTok and Instagram, it would be nice to have the knowledge to grow that into an actual business,” said Favour Ehuchie, an 18-year-old hairdresser.
Another student, keen equestrian Marta Hughes Bravo, said horse stud farms now seek staff who are social media-savvy.
Degree modules include creative video and storytelling psychology, entrepreneurship, celebrity studies, data analytics, and podcasting.
“A lot of people think it's an easy life being an influencer, just posting 60-second videos on TikTok, but there is way more to it,” said Hughes Bravo.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
There's now a university degree for influencers in Ireland, and students say it's 'serious business'
From: FORTUNE
It's a job that didn't exist until recently but becoming an influencer is an ever more popular career path among Gen-Z youth in the modern era of social media.
直到最近，“网红”这个职业才开始流行，但在社交媒体时代，成为网红已成为Z世代青年的热门职业选择。
influencer
influencer /ˈɪn.flu.ən.sər/ 字面上的意思就是影响者，有影响力的人，柯林斯词典中的解释分为两种，一个就是字面上的意思：any person or thing that exerts an influence；另一种解释为：a person who uses social media to promote lifestyle choices, commercial products, etc to his or her followers. 利用社交媒体向自己的粉丝推广或推荐产品和服务的人，就是类似于现在网络中的“网红、博主”，或者说关键意见领袖，Key Opinion Leader，KOL.
Gen-Z
Generation Z (or Gen Z) is the demographic cohort after the Millennials. Demographers and researchers typically use the mid-1990s to early-2000s as starting birth years. There is little consensus regarding ending birth years. Most of Generation Z have used the Internet since a young age and are comfortable with technology and social media.
📍Z世代（Generation Z），也称为“网生代”“互联网世代”“二次元世代”“数媒土著”，通常是指1995年至2009年出生的一代人，他们一出生就与网络信息时代无缝对接，受数字信息技术、即时通信设备、智能手机产品等影响比较大。
Now a first-of-its-kind course at an Irish university is teaching wannabe influencers how to convert online presence and content on platforms such as Instagram, TikTok and YouTube into revenue streams.
如今，爱尔兰一所大学开设了一个独创专业，教那些想成为网红的人如何将Instagram、TikTok和YouTube等平台上的影响力和内容转化为收入来源。
wannabe
wannabe /ˈwɒn.ə.bi/ 表示“梦想成功（或出名）者”，英文解释为“a person who is trying to become famous, usually unsuccessfully”举个🌰：The bar is frequented by wannabe actresses and film directors. 这家酒吧经常有梦想成名的演员和电影导演光顾。
convert
1）表示“转变”，英文解释为“If one thing is converted or converts into another, it is changed into a different form.”举个🌰：The signal will be converted into digital code. 信号将被转变成数字编码。
2）表示“改建”，英文解释为“If someone converts a room or building, they alter it in order to use it for a different purpose.”举个🌰：By converting the attic, they were able to have two extra bedrooms. 通过改建阁楼，他们又多出了两间卧室。
3）表示“改装”，英文解释为“If you convert a vehicle or piece of equipment, you change it so that it can use a different fuel.”举个🌰：Save money by converting your car to run on used vegetable oil. 通过改装你的汽车使其燃烧用过的植物油来省钱。
4）表示“换算”，英文解释为“If you convert a quantity from one system of measurement to another, you calculate what the quantity is in the second system.”举个🌰：Converting metric measurements to U.S. equivalents is easy. 把公制度量衡换算成美制度量衡很容易。
5）表示“改变信仰”，英文解释为“If someone converts you, they persuade you to change your religious or political beliefs. You can also say that someone converts to a different religion.”举个🌰：If you try to convert him, you could find he just walks away. 如果你想让他改变信仰，他会扭头就走。
“Influencing is something that's catching fire,” course director Irene McCormick told AFP at South East Technological University (SETU) in Carlow, an hour's drive southwest from the capital Dublin.
“影响力正在迅速崛起，”爱尔兰东南理工大学（South East Technological University，SETU）的专业负责人艾琳·麦考密克（Irene McCormick）在接受法新社采访时表示。爱尔兰东南理工大学位于首都都柏林西南部卡洛市，开车一小时即可到达。
The idea grew out of a summer crash course “Digital Hustle” launched by McCormick that was taught by TikTokers and attracted 350 applicants for 30 places.
这一想法源于麦考密克推出的暑期速成班“数字生意经”（Digital Hustle），该课程由TikTok内容创作者授课，30个名额吸引了350人报名，反响热烈。
crash course
crash course /ˈkræʃ ˌkɔːs/ 表示“速成班；短训班；速成教程”，英文解释为“a course that teaches you a lot of basic facts in a very short time”举个🌰：I did/took a crash course in French before my trip to Paris. 我去巴黎前参加了一个法语速成班。
hustle
hustle /ˈhʌs.əl/ 1）表示“充满活力的行动；忙碌；熙熙攘攘”，英文解释为“energetic action”举个🌰：The team showed a lot of determination and hustle. 队伍显示出很强的决心和活力。
2）表示“用不诚实的手段赚钱”，英文解释为“noise and activity: ”举个🌰：Advertising turns every achievement into a hustle. 广告把所有的成就都变成了欺诈。
📍hustle and bustle 表示“喧闹嘈杂”，英文解释为“noise and activity”举个🌰：I love the hustle and bustle of the marketplace. 我喜欢市场里的熙攘喧闹。
“It got amazing traction, we could see the appetite for more, so we broadened it to degree level,” said McCormick, a former television producer and director.
麦考密克曾是一名电视制片人兼导演，他说：“这门课程受到了极大的欢迎，我们看到需求巨大，于是决定把课程升级为本科专业。”
traction
traction /ˈtræk.ʃən/ 1）表示“拖拉，牵引；牵引力”，英文解释为“the pulling of a heavy load over a surface, or the power used in this”
2）表示“（观点或产品等）变得流行（或被接受）”，英文解释为“the fact of an idea, product, etc. becoming popular or being accepted”举个🌰：In our digital age, it takes less time for new words and phrases to gain traction than it did in the past. 在当前数码时代，新词或词组流行起来要过去快得多。
appetite
appetite /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ 1）表示“食欲；胃口”，英文解释为“physical desire for food”举个🌰：He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite. 他头痛且食欲不振。
2）表示“强烈欲望”，英文解释为“a strong desire for sth”举个🌰：The public have an insatiable appetite for scandal. 公众对丑事总是喜闻乐道。
After two years of development the course — a four-year-long bachelor's degree in “Content Creation and Social Media” — received accreditation and welcomed its first intake of 15 students last month.
经过两年筹备，该专业——为期四年的“内容创作与社交媒体”学士学位——获得了认证，并于上个月迎来了首批15名学生。
bachelor's degree
bachelor /ˈbætʃ.əl.ər/ 表示“独身男子，单身汉”，英文解释为“a man who has never married”
bachelor's degree /ˌbætʃ.əl.əz dɪˈɡriː/ 表示“学士学位”，英文解释为“a first degree at college or university”
📍词根“bachelor”源自中世纪拉丁语“baccalarius”，最初指小农场的主人。后来指未婚男士，也用于指学士学位。
accreditation
accreditation /əˌkred.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 表示“官方认可；鉴定合格”，英文解释为“the fact of being officially recognized, accepted, or approved of, or the act of officially recognizing, accepting, or approving of something”举个🌰：The committee has established new procedures for the accreditation of degrees. 委员会制定了新的学位认证程序。
intake
intake /ˈɪn.teɪk/ 1）表示“摄入量”，英文解释为“the amount of a particular substance that is eaten or drunk during a particular time”
2）示“（尤指学院或大学的）招生人数”，英文解释为“the number of people that are accepted at a particular time by an organization, especially a college or university”举个🌰：The college has increased its intake of students by 50 percent this year. 这所学院今年的招生人数增加了一半。
On the state-of-the-art campus, students chatted, took selfies and scrolled their social media feeds on smartphones during a break between classes.
在现代化的校园里，学生们在课间休息时用智能手机聊天、自拍和浏览社交媒体动态。
state-of-the-art
state-of-the-art /ˌsteɪt.əv.ðiːˈɑːt/ 表示“最先进的；应用最新理念（或方法）的”，英文解释为“very modern and using the most recent ideas and methods”如：a state-of-the-art computer 最先进的计算机。
几个类似表达：
📍cutting-edge表示“尖端的，前沿的”，英文解释为“Cutting-edge techniques or equipment are the most advanced that there are in a particular field.”举个🌰：What we are planning is cutting-edge technology never seen in Australia before. 我们正在筹划的是澳大利亚前所未见的尖端技术。
🎬电影《像素大战》（Pixels）中的台词提到：I'm thinking this is a cutting-edge multinational enterprise. 我想是某先进跨国组织干的。
📍 leading edge表示“（某活动领域的）最重要位置，领先地位；（尤指技术上的）前沿，尖端”，英文解释为“The leading edge of a particular area of research or development is the area of it that seems most advanced or sophisticated.”如：at the leading edge of scientific research 在科学研究的前沿。
selfie
selfie /ˈsel.fi/ 表示“自拍照”，英文解释为“a photograph that you take of yourself , usually with a mobile phone. Selfies are often published using social media.”
scroll
作名词，scroll /skrəʊl/ 表示“长卷纸，卷轴”，英文解释为“a long roll of paper or similar material with usually official writing on it”举个🌰：The ancient Egyptians stored information on scrolls. 古埃及人把信息记载在卷轴上。
作动词，表示“滚动；滚屏”，英文解释为“to move text or other information on a computer screen in order to see a different part of it”举个🌰：Scroll to the end of the document. 滚动至文件的最后。
🎬电影《兔子洞》（Rabbit Hole）中的台词提到：Scroll down with your finger. 用手指向下滑动。
feed
feed作动词，表示“供给；供应；（尤指规律地或连续地）把…放进（机器或系统）”，英文解释为“to supply something to a person or thing, or put something into a machine or system, especially in a regular or continuous way”举个🌰：The vegetables are fed into the machine at this end. 蔬菜从这头放进机器里。
feed一词，作名词时，不知道你有没有听过“Feed流”或者“信息流”这样的说法，熟悉互联网行业的人可能会比较了解，指的就是持续向用户提供内容更新的信息流服务，比如朋友圈（Moments），微博，抖音的形式，你可以以时间线或者兴趣度一条一条地往下刷或者说阅读。可以看下Web feed或者News feed的英文解释：a data format used for providing users with frequently updated content.
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述战斗机AI飞行员的文章中提到：Ms Broadbent's team is also experimenting with novel ways to deliver information to a pilot, from a Twitter-like feed to an anthropomorphic avatar. 布罗德本特的团队也在测试用推特式消息流、拟人化形象等各种新鲜方式向飞行员发送信息。
“My friends tell me I talk a lot so I thought I might as well make money out of it and try this course,” Harry Odife, 22, told AFP in the campus TV studio during a roleplay exercise.
22岁的哈里·奥迪夫（Harry Odife）在校园电视演播室里告诉法新社（AFP）记者：“我的朋友们说我话很多，所以我想我不妨利用这一点来赚钱，试试这个专业。”当时他正在进行一项角色扮演练习。
Most of the students are already immersed in the digital space or working in it and want to expand their toolset and knowledge, McCormick said.
麦考密克介绍，大部分学生早已涉足数字领域，或从事相关工作，他们希望进一步提升技能和知识面。
immerse
immerse /ɪˈmɜːs/ yourself in sth 表示“（使）深陷于，沉浸在”，英文解释为“to become or make sb completely involved in sth”举个🌰：She immersed herself in her work. 她埋头工作。
toolset
表示“工具集”，英文解释为“a set of predefined tools (for opening files, cutting and pasting, etc) that is associated with a particular computer application”
“You can try to learn yourself at home but being empowered with practice and theory about how to connect with target demographics online is going to make a big difference to your career,” she added.
她补充说：“你可以尝试在家自学，但通过实践和理论来了解如何与目标人群建立在线联系，这将对你的职业生涯产生重大影响。”
empower
empower /ɪmˈpaʊər/ 表示“给（某人）做…的权力；授权；使自主；增加（某人的）自主权；使控制局势”，英文解query释为“to give someone official authority or the freedom to do something”举个🌰：This amendment empowers the president to declare an emergency for a wide range of reasons. 这一修正案授权总统可在一系列情形下宣布进入紧急状态。
empowered /ɪmˈpaʊ.əd/ 形容词，表示“自信的，可掌控自己命运的”，英文解释为“confident and in control of your life”举个🌰：It's important that girls feel empowered and in control of what happens to them. 重要的是，女孩子要感到自己有能力并能控制自己的命运。
demographic
demographic /ˌdem.əˈɡræf.ɪk/ 1）作形容词，表示“人口的；人口统计的；人口学的”，英文解释为“relating to demography (= the study of populations and the different groups that make them up)”举个🌰：There have been monumental social and demographic changes in the country. 该国的社会和人口状况已经发生了巨大的变化。
2）作名词，表示“（顾客）族群”，英文解释为“a group of people, for example customers, who are similar in age, social class, etc.”举个🌰：This demographic (young teenagers) is the fastest-growing age group using the site. 该族群（十几岁的年轻人）是使用这个网站人数增长最快的年龄群体。
📍demographics /ˌdem.əˈɡræf.ɪks/ 表示“人口统计数据，人口统计结果”，英文解释为“the number and characteristics of people who live in a particular area or form a particular group, especially in relation to their age, how much money they have and what they spend it on”举个🌰：The demographics of the country have changed dramatically in recent years. 近年来该国的人口统计数据发生了巨大的变化。
The term “influencer” was officially added to the dictionary in 2019, and refers to a person well-known through use of social media who uses their celebrity to endorse, promote, or generate interest in products and brands, often for payment.
2019年，“网红”一词被正式写入词典，指通过社交媒体成名的人，他们利用自己的影响力为产品和品牌代言或推广，通常以此获得收入。
endorse
endorse /ɪnˈdɔːs/ 动词，1）表示“（公开）赞同，支持，认可”，英文解释为“to say publicly that you support a person, statement or course of action”举个🌰：I wholeheartedly endorse his remarks. 我真诚地赞同他的话。
2）表示“（在广告中）宣传，代言（某一产品）”，英文解释为“to say in an advertisement that you use and like a particular product so that other people will want to buy it”
3）表示“（在支票背面）签名，背书”，英文解释为“to write your name on the back of a cheque so that it can be paid into a bank account”
🎬电影《侏罗纪公园》（Jurassic Park）中的台词提到：After careful consideration, I've decided not to endorse your park. 仔细考虑以后 我决定不为你的公园背书。
⚠️这里补充一下，看到上面的「背书」你可能疑惑了，除了在金融上的含义，现在往往被用于政治领域。
📍例如，新华网2020年4月份一则新闻标题就为「奥巴马“背书”拜登」讲的就是奥巴马发声力挺拜登。
Surveys consistently show that most Gen-Z youths — those born between 1997 and 2012 — would consider a job as a vlogger, YouTuber or professional streamer.
调查一直显示，大多数Z世代年轻人——1997年至2012年出生的人——都会考虑从事视频博主、YouTube博主或职业主播的工作。
“Of course people want to make money from influencing, so we look particularly at person branding, how to monetise being influential over large online followings,” said McCormick.
“大家当然希望能通过自己的影响力赚钱，所以我们特别关注个人品牌打造，以及如何利用大量粉丝变现。”麦考密克说道。
monetise
英式 monetise 美式 monetize /ˈmʌn.ɪ.taɪz/ 1）表示“转化为货币；以货币方式表达”，英文解释为“to change something into money, or to express something in terms of money or a currency”举个🌰：Japan is monetizing several trillion dollars of government debt. 日本正把几万亿的政府债务货币化。
2）表示“从…赚钱”，英文解释为“to make money from something”举个🌰：The problem was how to monetize this kind of social networking site. 问题是如何从这样的社交媒体网站上赚钱。
Students said they hoped the course would help them leverage their interests and hobbies which range from beauty and fashion to entertainment, social justice, and sport.
学生们表示，他们希望这个专业能帮助他们利用好自己的兴趣和爱好，涵盖美容时尚、娱乐、社会公正和体育等领域。
leverage
leverage 英 /ˈliːvərɪdʒ/ 美 /ˈlevərɪdʒ/ 1）表示“利用”，英文解释为“to use something that you already have in order to achieve something new or better”举个🌰：We can gain a market advantage by leveraging our partners. 我们可以利用我们的合作伙伴来获得市场优势。
2）表示“影响力”，英文解释为“Leverage is the ability to influence situations or people so that you can control what happens.”举个🌰：His position gives him leverage to get things done. 他的身份使他有能力办成一些事情。
3）表示“杠杆作用；杠杆效力”，英文解释为“the action or advantage of using a lever”举个🌰：Using ropes and wooden poles for leverage, they haul sacks of cement up the track. 利用绳子和木棍取得杠杆作用，他们把几大袋水泥从轨道上拖开。
📍leverage作动词还有“举债经营”的含义，英文解释为“to use borrowed money to buy an investment or company”举个🌰：They can leverage a very small investment into millions of dollars. 他们可以把很小的一笔投资变成数百万美元。
📍“举债经营”指以借得的资本从事投资活动以期获得大于利息的利润。
📍Leverage作为动词时，通常意味着“利用”或“借助”。在大多数情况下，当我们说“利用某物”时，并不需要加上“on”。例如，我们会说“leverage technology to improve efficiency”，意为“利用技术提高效率”。然而，在某些情况下，人们可能会在“leverage”后面加上“on”来构成“leverage on”，尤其是在非正式或口语环境中。这种用法可能是为了强调利用的对象或手段。尽管如此，“leverage on”并不被认为是标准用法，在正式写作和沟通中，一般推荐直接使用“leverage”而不加“on”。
“I post a lot of the hairstyles I do on TikTok and Instagram, it would be nice to have the knowledge to grow that into an actual business,” said Favour Ehuchie, an 18-year-old hairdresser.
18岁的美发师法沃·埃胡奇（Favour Ehuchie）说：“我在TikTok和Instagram上发布了很多我做的发型作品，如果能掌握将其发展成实际业务的知识就更好了。”
Another student, keen equestrian Marta Hughes Bravo, said horse stud farms now seek staff who are social media-savvy.
另一名学生玛尔塔·休斯·布拉沃（Marta Hughes Bravo）是一位马术爱好者，她提到，现在马场也倾向于招聘精通社交媒体的员工。
equestrian
equestrian /ɪˈkwes.tri.ən/ 表示“（尤指职业的或技术精湛的）骑马者，骑师，马术家”，英文解释为“a person who rides horses, especially as a job or very skilfully”
-savvy
作名词，savvy /ˈsæv.i/ 表示“常识；实际能力”，英文解释为“practical knowledge and ability”如：business savvy 专业知识。
savvy 作形容词，表示“有见识的；懂实际知识的；通情达理的”，英文解释为“having practical knowledge and understanding of sth; having common sense”如tech-savvy指的就是懂技术，精通技术/科技的（knowing a lot about modern technology, especially computers），trend-savvy的意思是对当前流行趋势具有敏锐的洞察力和理解能力，紧跟潮流的。
🎬电影《爱情、婚礼和婚姻》（Love, Wedding, Marriage）中的台词提到：if you're gonna be gone for six months, you need to be internet email savvy. 如果你要离开半年 你得精通互联网电子邮件。
Degree modules include creative video and storytelling psychology, entrepreneurship, celebrity studies, data analytics, and podcasting.
该专业课程涵盖创意视频与故事讲述心理学、创业学、名人研究、数据分析和播客制作等。
entrepreneurship
entrepreneurship /ˌɒn.trə.prəˈnɜː.ʃɪp/ 表示“创业能力；创业精神；企业家精神”，英文解释为“skill in starting new businesses, especially when this involves seeing new opportunities”
podcast
podcast /ˈpɒd.kɑːst/ 表示“播客（以数字格式储存的电台节目，可从因特网下载，然后在计算机或MP3播放机上播放）”，英文解释为“A podcast is an audio file similar to a radio broadcast, that can be downloaded and listened to on a computer or iPod.”
“A lot of people think it's an easy life being an influencer, just posting 60-second videos on TikTok, but there is way more to it,” said Hughes Bravo.
“很多人认为当网红就是发发60秒的短视频很简单，其实背后有很多复杂的工作。”休斯·布拉沃说道。
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