近日，NordPass公司发布了2024年全球最常用的十大密码，分别是：123456、123456789、12345678、password、qwerty123、qwerty1、111111、12345、secret和123123。
🤔️小作业：
1. Based on the passage, which of the following best describes NordPass' attitude towards current password practices?
A) Optimistic that people are learning better habits
B) Neutral, providing information without judgment
C) Disappointed in the lack of progress
D) Encouraged by the changes in corporate passwords
A) It is an example of a password that is difficult to crack.
B) It represents a password that is commonly used for personal accounts.
C) It is an outlier among the most popular corporate passwords.
D) It was chosen because of its strong security features.
无注释原文：
Worst passwords of 2024 prove we still suck at digital security
From: Mashable
NordPass has released its sixth annual study on the 200 most common passwords in the world. Unfortunately, it seems as though the sixth time is still not the charm, with the list still topped by many of the same easily-cracked suspects as last year.
"After analyzing 6 years' worth of data, we can say there hasn't been much improvement in people's password habits," wrote NordPass. It's easy to imagine an air of resignation surrounding that statement.
This year NordPass' study was conducted in collaboration with NordStellar, and used a 2.5TB database of information gathered from publicly available resources — including some found on the dark web. Passwords used had been exposed via malware or in data leaks, with the complete study using information from people across 44 countries.
According to NordPass' research, 2024's top 10 most used passwords globally are: 123456, 123456789, 12345678, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 111111, 12345, secret, and 123123.
NordPass estimates that it would take a hacker less than one second to crack each of these passwords. This is the fifth year that "123456" has topped the list, having only been beaten out once since NordPass began its annual study.
The list looks slightly different when strictly looking at passwords for U.S. accounts, though there's still a lot of overlap. While the global list favours number-based passwords, presumably as they're used across different languages, 2024's 10 most popular passwords in the U.S. has more English-based entries: secret, 123456, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 123456789, password1, 12345678, 12345, and abc123.
These too would take less than a second to crack.
Corporate America's most popular password is 'password'
This year, NordPass also made a separate list of passwords used for corporate accounts. Most passwords used in the study were leaked alongside a corresponding email address, enabling NordPass to distinguish between work and personal accounts by looking at the domain name.
Sadly, it looks as though those hours of mandatory corporate privacy training we've all endured have borne little fruit, with people still using the same or similar weak passwords as they do in their private lives.
The 10 most popular passwords people used at work in 2024 are: 123456, 123456789, 12345678, secret, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 111111, 123123, and 1234567890.
In the U.S. specifically, 2024's most popular corporate passwords are: password, 123456, qwerty123, qwerty1, aaron431, password1, welcome, 12345678, Password1, and abc123.
"aaron431" is an unusual outlier compared to its compatriots, having no blatantly obvious rhyme or reason. However, it has been recognised as a popular password in several industries for years. Some have speculated that "aaron431" is the default password for a widely used program, and that people just haven't bothered changing it. NordPass estimates it would take about five minutes for a hacker to crack it.
If you're guilty of using any of these popular passwords, now would be a good time to consider changing them and getting a password manager. Even if you don't use any of the entries on these lists, a password manager will still go a long way in helping you keep your passwords strong and your data secure.
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Worst passwords of 2024 prove we still suck at digital security
From: Mashable
NordPass has released its sixth annual study on the 200 most common passwords in the world. Unfortunately, it seems as though the sixth time is still not the charm, with the list still topped by many of the same easily-cracked suspects as last year.
NordPass公司发布了其第六次年度报告，公布了全球最常用的200个密码。遗憾的是，似乎发布了六次年度报告仍不尽如人意，与去年一样，许多容易被破解的密码仍名列榜首。
third time's the charm
… not the charm在这里的意思是某件事情并没有像预期中那样成功。这句话使用了英语中的俗语“third time's the charm”，意思是做某件事在第三次通常会成功。然而，这里是说即使是第六次也未能达到预期效果，所以“sixth time is still not the charm”表示即使进行了多次尝试，问题依旧没有改善。
crack
crack /kræk/ 作动词，1）表示“（使）破裂；（使）裂开；（使）产生裂纹”，英文解释为“to break something so that it does not separate, but very thin lines appear on its surface, or to become broken in this way”举个🌰：A stone hit the window and cracked the glass. 石块击中窗户，打裂了玻璃。
2）表示“解决（问题）；破译”，英文解释为“to find a solution to a problem”举个🌰：They cracked the code and read the secret message. 他们破译了密码，读取了密电。
3）crack /kræk/ 表示“非法侵入（计算机系统）”，英文解释为“to get into someone else's computer system without permission and get information or do something illegal”
4）表示“碰，撞，击”，英文解释为“to hit something or someone”举个🌰：I cracked my head on/against the door. 我的头撞在门上。
5）表示“说（笑话）；开玩笑，说俏皮话”，英文解释为“If you crack a joke, you tell it.”举个🌰：He drove a Volkswagen, cracked jokes, and talked about beer and girls. 那时他开着一辆大众牌汽车，讲着笑话，谈论着啤酒和女孩。
📰奥巴马卸任后首次重返白宫 和拜登互开玩笑文中提到，INSIDER标题：Obama cracks joke at 'Vice President' Biden during White House event.
作名词，crack /kræk/ 1）表示“裂缝，缝隙；裂口”，英文解释为“a very narrow space between parts of something”举个🌰：Cracks had appeared in the dry ground. 干涸的土地上出现了裂缝。
2）表示“爆裂声；噼啪声”如：the crack of a rifle/whip/breaking branch 步枪/鞭子/树枝断裂的噼啪声。作形容词，可以表示“优秀的；顶呱呱的；第一流的”，英文解释为“excellent, or of the highest quality”如：a crack regiment 王牌军团，crack troops 精锐部队。
"After analyzing 6 years' worth of data, we can say there hasn't been much improvement in people's password habits," wrote NordPass. It's easy to imagine an air of resignation surrounding that statement.
NordPass公司写道：“经过6年的数据分析，我们可以说人们的密码使用习惯并没有多大改善。”不难想象，这句话的背后流露出一丝无奈。
an air of resignation
An air of resignation表示一种无奈、妥协或放弃的情绪。
resignation /ˌrez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“辞职；辞去（职务）；放弃（工作）”，英文解释为“the act of telling your employer that you are leaving your job”
2）表示“无奈的顺从；顺从；听任”，英文解释为“Resignation is the acceptance of an unpleasant situation or fact because you realize that you cannot change it.”举个🌰：He sighed with profound resignation. 他极度无奈地叹气。
This year NordPass' study was conducted in collaboration with NordStellar, and used a 2.5TB database of information gathered from publicly available resources — including some found on the dark web. Passwords used had been exposed via malware or in data leaks, with the complete study using information from people across 44 countries.
今年的研究由NordPass与NordStellar公司联合进行，数据量高达2.5TB，信息主要来自公开资源，包括一些在暗网获取的资料。这些密码是通过恶意软件或数据泄露得到的，整个研究覆盖了来自44个国家的用户数据。
database
database /ˈdeɪ.tə.beɪs/ 表示“（计算机）资料库，数据库”，英文解释为“a large amount of information stored in a computer system in such a way that it can be easily looked at or changed”举个🌰：We're linked to the online database at our head office. 我们与总部的网上数据库联网。
malware
malware /ˈmæl.weər/ 表示“恶意软件（为破坏计算机正常运行而设计的电脑软件）”，英文解释为“computer software that is designed to damage the way a computer works”
leak
leak /liːk/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词 1）表示“泄露，透露（机密信息）”，英文解释为“to allow secret information to become generally known”举个🌰：He leaked the names to the press. 他向新闻界透露了名单。
2）表示“（液体或气体）漏，泄漏”，英文解释为“(of a liquid or gas) to escape from a hole or crack in a pipe or container；(of a container) to allow liquid or gas to escape”举个🌰：Water was leaking from the pipe. 水正从管子里漏出来。
According to NordPass' research, 2024's top 10 most used passwords globally are: 123456, 123456789, 12345678, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 111111, 12345, secret, and 123123.
根据NordPass的研究，2024年全球最常用的十大密码是：123456、123456789、12345678、password、qwerty123、qwerty1、111111、12345、secret和123123。
NordPass estimates that it would take a hacker less than one second to crack each of these passwords. This is the fifth year that "123456" has topped the list, having only been beaten out once since NordPass began its annual study.
据NordPass估计，黑客只需不到一秒钟的时间就能破解这些密码。这是“123456”第五年荣登榜首，自NordPass开始发布年度报告以来，该密码只有一年未登顶。
The list looks slightly different when strictly looking at passwords for U.S. accounts, though there's still a lot of overlap. While the global list favours number-based passwords, presumably as they're used across different languages, 2024's 10 most popular passwords in the U.S. has more English-based entries: secret, 123456, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 123456789, password1, 12345678, 12345, and abc123.
如果只看美国用户的密码，榜单会略有不同，但仍有很多重叠。全球榜单偏爱数字密码，这可能是因为不同语言都在使用数字密码，而2024年美国最流行的10个密码则更多地使用英语：secret、123456、password、qwerty123、qwerty1、123456789、password1、12345678、12345和abc123。
overlap
overlap /ˌəʊ.vəˈlæp/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，1）表示“（活动、课程或时间）相互重叠，有共同之处”，英文解释为“If two or more activities, subjects, or periods of time overlap, they have some parts that are the same.”举个🌰：My musical tastes don't overlap with my brother's at all. 我对音乐的喜好和我弟弟完全不一样。
2）表示“（与…）交叠，（与…）部分重叠，叠盖”，英文解释为“to cover something partly by going over its edge; to cover part of the same space”举个🌰：The fence is made of panels that overlap (each other). 这个围栏是由交叠的板条搭成的。
presumably
presumably /prɪˈzuː.mə.bli/ 表示“据推测，大概，可能”，英文解释为“used to say what you think is the likely situation”举个🌰：They can presumably afford to buy a bigger apartment. 他们大概买得起一套大一点的公寓。
entry
1）表示“项目；条目；（一则）记录”，英文解释为“a separate piece of information that is recorded in a book, computer, etc.”举个🌰：They've updated a lot of the entries in the most recent edition of the encyclopedia. 在最新版百科全书中他们更新了很多条目。
2）表示“参赛作品；参赛答卷”，英文解释为“An entry for a competition is a piece of work, a story or drawing, or the answers to a set of questions, which you complete in order to take part in the competition.”
These too would take less than a second to crack.
这些密码也只需要不到一秒钟的时间就能破解。
Corporate America's most popular password is 'password' 美国企业账户最常用的密码是password
This year, NordPass also made a separate list of passwords used for corporate accounts. Most passwords used in the study were leaked alongside a corresponding email address, enabling NordPass to distinguish between work and personal accounts by looking at the domain name.
今年，NordPass还单独列出了企业账户使用的密码。该研究中的多数密码都是与相应的电子邮件地址一起泄露，这使得NordPass能够通过邮箱域名来区分工作账户和个人账户。
domain name
domain name /dəˈmeɪn ˌneɪm/ 表示“域名”，英文解释为“the part of an email or website address on the internet that shows the name of the organization that the address belongs to”
Sadly, it looks as though those hours of mandatory corporate privacy training we've all endured have borne little fruit, with people still using the same or similar weak passwords as they do in their private lives.
可惜的是，尽管许多公司投入了大量资源进行隐私保护培训，但似乎收效甚微。人们在工作和私人场合依旧习惯使用同样的弱密码。
mandatory
mandatory /ˈmæn.də.tər.i/ 表示“强制的；必须履行的；法定的”，英文解释为“Something that is mandatory must be done, or is demanded by law.”举个🌰：Athletes must undergo a mandatory drugs test before competing in the championship. 运动员在锦标赛前必须进行强制性药检。
bear fruit
表示“有成果，获得成功”，英文解释为“If something that someone does bears fruit, it produces successful results.”举个🌰：Eventually her efforts bore fruit and she got the job she wanted. 最终她的努力有了结果，她得到了想要的工作。
The 10 most popular passwords people used at work in 2024 are: 123456, 123456789, 12345678, secret, password, qwerty123, qwerty1, 111111, 123123, and 1234567890.
2024年人们在工作中最常用的10个密码是123456、123456789、12345678、secret、password、qwerty123、qwerty1、111111、123123和1234567890。
In the U.S. specifically, 2024's most popular corporate passwords are: password, 123456, qwerty123, qwerty1, aaron431, password1, welcome, 12345678, Password1, and abc123.
在美国，2024年最常见的企业账户密码包括：password、123456、qwerty123、qwerty1、aaron431、password1、welcome、12345678、Password1和abc123。
"aaron431" is an unusual outlier compared to its compatriots, having no blatantly obvious rhyme or reason. However, it has been recognised as a popular password in several industries for years. Some have speculated that "aaron431" is the default password for a widely used program, and that people just haven't bothered changing it. NordPass estimates it would take about five minutes for a hacker to crack it.
其中，“aaron431”显得格外不同。该密码没有显而易见的规则，但多年来在多个行业中普遍存在该密码。据推测，该密码可能是某个常用软件的默认密码，而许多人并没有更改。据NordPass估计，破解这个密码需要约五分钟。
outlier
outlier /ˈaʊtˌlaɪ.ər/ 表示“异于一般情况的人（或事物）；（统计）异常值；局外人（远离业务、职务）”，英文解释为“a person, thing, or fact that is very different from other people, things, or facts, so that it cannot be used to draw general conclusions”
compatriot
compatriot /kəmˈpæt.ri.ət/ 表示“同国人，同胞”，英文解释为“a person who comes from the same country”；美式，表示“伙伴；同事”，英文解释为“a friend or someone you work with”
blatantly
blatantly /ˈbleɪ.tənt.li/ 表示“极明显地，公然地”，英文解释为“in a way that is very obvious and intentional, when this is a bad thing”举个🌰：It was blatantly obvious that she was telling a lie. 很明显，她在撒谎。
be no/without rhyme or reason
be no/without rhyme or reason 表示“毫无道理；莫名其妙”，英文解释为“to be without any obvious reasonable explanation”举个🌰：There is no rhyme or reason to her behaviour. 她的行为反复无常。
speculate
speculate /ˈspek.jə.leɪt/ 表示“推测；猜测；推断”，英文解释为“to form an opinion about sth without knowing all the details or facts”举个🌰：We all speculated about the reasons for her resignation. 我们大家都推测过她辞职的原因。
📺美剧《24小时》（24 Hours）中的台词提到：I wouldn't want to speculate at this time, 这次我不想妄加揣测。
default
default /dɪˈfɒlt/ 在计算机上非常常见的一个词，表示“默认，默认值；预置值；缺省值”，英文解释为“In computing, the default is a particular set of instructions which the computer always uses unless the person using the computer gives other instructions.”比如：默认设置 default settings；
另外，它还有完全不搭嘎的意思，作动词和名词表示“债务违约，拖欠”，英文解释为“failure to pay money that you owe at the right time”，如：the risk of default by borrowers 借款人不偿还欠款的风险，举个🌰：He defaulted on his child support payments. 他拖欠子女抚养费。
If you're guilty of using any of these popular passwords, now would be a good time to consider changing them and getting a password manager. Even if you don't use any of the entries on these lists, a password manager will still go a long way in helping you keep your passwords strong and your data secure.
如果你有使用这些常用密码的习惯，现在就应该考虑更改密码并使用密码管理器。即使你没有使用过上述密码，密码管理器也会在很大程度上帮助你保持密码的安全性并保护你的数据安全。
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