庄子·德充符 2

文摘   2024-11-14 11:05   重庆  

申徒嘉,兀者也,而与郑子产同师于伯昏无人。Shentu Jia was a man who had his one foot cut off. He and Zichan of Zheng were both disciples of Bohun Wuren.

申徒嘉是个被砍掉了一只脚的人,跟郑国的子产同拜伯昏无人为师。

子产谓申徒嘉曰:“我先出则子止,子先出则我止。”Zichan said to Shentu Jia, "If I go out first, then you stay; if you go out first, then I stay."

子产对申徒嘉说:“我先出去那么你就留下,你先出去那么我就留下。”

其明日,又与合堂同席而坐。The next day, they were sitting together in the same hall on the same mat.

到了第二天,子产和申徒嘉同在一个屋子里、同在一条席子上坐着。

子产谓申徒嘉曰:“我先出则子止,子先出则我止。今我将出,子可以止乎?其未邪?Zichan said to Shentu Jia again, "If I go out first, then you stay; if you go out first, then I stay. Now I'm about to go out. Can you stay? Or not?

子产又对申徒嘉说:“我先出去那么你就留下,你先出去那么我就留下。现在我将出去,你可以留下吗,抑或是不留下呢?

且子见执政而不违,子齐执政乎?Moreover, you don't avoid me when you see a person in power. Do you consider yourself equal to a person in power?"

你见了我这执掌政务的大官却不知道回避,你把自己看得跟我执政的大臣一样吗?”

申徒嘉曰:“先生之门固有执政焉如此哉?子而说子之执政而后人者也。Shentu Jia said, "Are there really people in power like you in our master's school? You are proud of your position of being in power and look down on others.

申徒嘉说:“伯昏无人先生的门下,哪有执政大臣拜师从学的呢?你津津乐道执政大臣的地位把别人都不放在眼里吗?

闻之曰:‘鉴明则尘垢不止,止则不明也。久与贤人处则无过。I've heard it said, 'When a mirror is bright, dust and dirt won't settle on it; if they do, it's not bright. If one stays with virtuous people for a long time, one will make no mistakes.'

我听说这样的话:‘镜子明亮尘垢就没有停留在上面,尘垢落在上面镜子也就不会明亮。长久地跟贤人相处便会没有过错’。

今子之所取大者,先生也,而犹出言若是,不亦过乎!”Now the one you look up to most is our master, yet you still say such things. Isn't it a mistake?"

你拜师从学追求广博精深的见识,正是先生所倡导的大道。而你竟说出这样的话,不是完全错了吗!”

子产曰:“子既若是矣,犹与尧争善。计子之德,不足以自反邪?”Zichan said, "Since you are in such a situation, you still want to compete with Yao in goodness. Considering your virtue, aren't you unable to reflect on yourself?"

子产说:“你已经如此形残体缺,还要跟唐尧争比善心,你估量你的德行,受过断足之刑还不足以使你有所反省吗?”

申徒嘉曰:“自状其过以不当亡者众;不状其过以不当存者寡。Shentu Jia said, "There are many people who describe their own faults in a way that they don't think they deserve to lose their feet; there are few who don't describe their faults in a way that they don't think they deserve to keep their feet.

申徒嘉说:“自个儿陈述或辩解自己的过错,认为自己不应当形残体缺的人很多;不陈述或辩解自己的过错,认为自己不应当形整体全的人很少。

知不可奈何而安之若命,唯有德者能之。游于羿之彀中。中央者,中地也;然而不中者,命也。To accept what cannot be changed as if it were fate is something that only the virtuous can do. It's like being in the range of Yi's arrows. The center is the place where arrows usually hit; however, not being hit is a matter of fate.

懂得事物之无可奈何,安于自己的境遇并视如命运安排的那样,只有有德的人才能做到这一点。一个人来到世上就象来到善射的后羿张弓搭箭的射程之内,中央的地方也就是最容易中靶的地方,然而却没有射中,这就是命。

人以其全足笑吾不全足者众矣,我怫然而怒,而适先生之所,则废然而反。Many people with their two feet intact have laughed at me for my missing foot. I used to get angry indignantly. But when I went to our master's place, I calmed down and returned to my normal state.

用完整的双脚笑话我残缺不全的人很多,我常常脸色陡变怒气填胸;可是只要来到伯昏无人先生的寓所,我便怒气消失回到正常的神态。

不知先生之洗我以善邪?吾之自寐邪?I don't know if it was our master who cleansed me with goodness? Or was it I who woke up myself?

真不知道先生用什么善道来洗刷我的呢?还是我自己本来就在懵懂沉睡之中,然后因先生的影响而突然有所醒悟呢?

吾与夫子游十九年,而未尝知吾兀者也。I have been studying with our master for nineteen years, and he has never known that I'm a man with a foot cut off.

我跟随先生十九年了,可是先生从不曾感到我是个断了脚的人。

今子与我游于形骸之内,而子索我于形骸之外,不亦过乎!Now you and I are communicating on a spiritual level, yet you are judging me by my physical appearance. Isn't it a mistake?"

如今你跟我心灵相通、以德相交,而你却用外在的形体来要求我,这不又完全错了吗?”

子产蹴然改容更貌曰:“子无乃称!Zichan immediately changed his expression and appearance and said, "Please don't say any more!"

子产听了申徒嘉一席话深感惭愧,脸色顿改而恭敬地说:“请你不要再说下去了!”

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