Snøhetta赢得德国科布伦茨缆车站设计竞赛

近日，Snøhetta赢得了德国科布伦茨缆车站设计竞赛。缆车设施所位于的莱茵河中上游河谷（Upper Middle Rhine Valley）被联合国教科文组织列入“世界遗产名录”。Snøhetta的设计方案将缆车站融入周边环境，在展现当代感的同时，也致敬当地的历史文化。

Snøhetta has won the competition for the new stations of the city cable car in the German city of Koblenz. The location in the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley requires particular sensitivity. As contemporary statements the expressive stations blend respectfully into the historical context.

2011年，科布伦茨为了联邦园艺展（Federal Horticultural Show）兴建索道缆车，来连接市中心与莱茵河对岸的埃伦布赖特施泰因堡垒（Ehrenbreitstein Fortress）。临时性的缆车后来逐渐发展成当地的环保交通工具。由于缆车设施所位于的区域极具历史意义，设施的建设也需要一定的专业技术，缆车运营方组织了设计竞赛，希望以长期运营为目标重新设计缆车站。

Since 2011, a cable car has connected the city centre of Koblenz with Ehrenbreitstein Fortress on the other side of the Rhine. Originally planned as a temporary structure for the Federal Horticultural Show, the intention has since become to operate the popular, environmentally friendly means of transport on a permanent basis. The location in a sensitive historical context and technical requirements made a redesign of the stations necessary. In the architectural competition organised by the cable car operator, Snøhetta won with the proposal of sculptural forms for the valley and mountain stations, which form a "cohesive pair" and react sensitively to the respective context.

设计方案中，河谷和山顶的两个缆车站雕塑感十足，彼此呼应的同时，也细腻地回应了各自所在的环境。河谷缆车站位于圣卡斯托尔大教堂（Basilica of St Castor）附近。柔和的曲线，致敬历史悠久的大教堂，也重新演绎了科布伦茨的传统建筑和装饰设计。竞赛评审表示：“方案中的屋顶形态优雅，整体设计呼应了圣卡斯托尔大教堂的设计语言。Snøhetta的缆车站设计方案，在历史文化语境中勾勒出克制的建筑表达。”

The valley station is located in the vicinity of the listed Basilica of St Castor. The gently curved shape pays homage to the historic basilica and reinterprets the city's architectural heritage and motifs. "The design shows restraint within the World Heritage Site without losing any of its architectural significance,"  the jury stated. "The elegant roof shape creates a design reference to the St Castor Church."

河谷缆车站的金属屋顶外壳由木结构支撑，下方是V形混凝土支柱。屋顶的金属瓦片设计灵感源自当地的传统建筑立面和屋顶图案设计，颇具柔和雕塑感的混凝土支柱则是受到了大教堂石拱结构与莱茵河沿岸传统砖砌结构的启发。金属屋顶的绿色光泽感延伸了周边的自然环境 —— 粼粼水光的莱茵河、河岸绿树成荫下的斑驳光影。而缆车站的曲线造型则进一步勾勒出了这种微妙的细腻之感。四周的开放空间与莱茵河的滨河步道融为一体。

The metal roof shell is supported by a wooden structure resting on V-shaped concrete columns. The metal shingles of the roof are inspired by traditional façade and roof motifs of the city, while the gently sculpted concrete columns are reminiscent of the vaulted stonework of the church and traditional masonry along the river. The subtle green colours and the glossiness of the metal cladding continue the reflections and play of light and shadow along the river and the tree-lined riverbank. The curved shape of the station reinforces this subtle effect. The open space at the station is integrated into the landscape of the Rhine promenade.

山顶缆车站采用类似的斜面金属屋顶，将技术设备掩于其下。坚固的雕塑之感呼应了埃伦布赖特施泰因堡垒的建筑语言。与河谷缆车站相比，山顶缆车站的支撑木结构与金属外壳的支柱较为修长，色调也与堡垒的土色外墙相呼应，选择了较为温暖的颜色。屋顶呈开放的姿态，延伸出的屋面环抱原有的树木，将售货亭、售票处与技术室容纳其下，并为游客提供遮蔽式等候区。山顶缆车站的整体设计及延伸屋面，如堡垒前的宽阔景观一样。两座缆车站都将保留所有技术设备，并为长期运营增添所需设施。

A common, gently chamfered metal roof also covers the technical facilities of the mountain station. Stoic, robust forms create a link to the Ehrenbreitstein fortress. Slender columns support the wooden construction with metal cladding, whose warmer colours refer to the earthy tones of the fortress walls. A "flying" roof in front of the station spans the kiosk, ticket office and technical rooms, integrates an existing tree and creates a sheltered waiting area. The station and the cantilevered canopy emphasise the clear horizontality of the historic landscape in front of the fortress. As with the bottom station, the entire technical installations of the cable car will be retained in the top station and supplemented with facilities for the permanent operation.

Snøhetta合伙人兼因斯布鲁克办公室执行总裁Patrick Lüth表示：“莱茵河中上游河谷的人文景观与人类数百年来的足迹息息相关。新缆车站将会是这个自然文化环境的一部分。我们希望通过设计，继续与科布伦茨的人文景观进行对话。”

"The cultural landscape and identity of the Upper Middle Rhine Valley are characterised by centuries of human intervention. The new stations are part of this natural and cultural context and with our design we continue the dialogue with the significant cultural landscape of Koblenz," says Patrick Lüth, Snøhetta Partner and Managing Director of the Innsbruck studio.

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