1999年12月17日，联合国大会将每年的11月25日确定为「International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women」，联合国官网中文译名为「制止暴力侵害妇女行为国际日」。
无注释原文：
Message from Ms Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, on the occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
25 November 2023
“Never forget that it only takes a political, economic or religious crisis for women's rights to be called into question.”
These words, spoken by French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir in the 1970s, are still alarmingly topical today.
Violence against women, far from abating, is increasing around the world, sparing no woman, whether in her private life or in public spaces. Over 80% of women parliamentarians thus report experiencing psychological violence during their terms. Online attacks on women politicians even threaten their participation in the public affairs of their country.
Women journalists are also particularly at risk. According to a UNESCO report, almost three quarters of them have experienced online violence. And for one in five women journalists, this digital harassment was followed by physical assault. Such violence has terrible consequences for women's freedom of expression and participation in public life: 30% of women journalists said that they self-censored on social media, while 20% had given up all online activity.
It is clear that violence against women is increasingly taking the form of gender-based attacks on social media, posing a serious threat to human rights and fundamental freedoms. It is for this reason that UNESCO is actively committed to combating this violence.
First and foremost, our Organization is combating the deep-rooted sexist prejudices in our societies through the tools of education, science, culture and information.
This requires, in particular, efforts to regulate the digital sphere and, more specifically, the content circulating on social media. Such is the purpose of our Guidelines for the Governance of Digital Platforms, presented at the beginning of November, which propose solutions to end harassment and hate speech – to which women are highly exposed online – while protecting both freedom of expression and human rights.
We must also combat the race and gender biases that digital platforms and artificial intelligence (AI) can produce. Our Recommendation on the Ethics of AI, unanimously adopted by the Member States of UNESCO in 2021, is the first international standard-setting instrument to make concrete proposals in this area.
Additionally, in today's age of generative AI, our report on the issue of online gender-based violence published at the beginning of November provides useful and pragmatic recommendations for public decision-makers, businesses and civil society actors.
On this International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, UNESCO is also paying tribute to all women who experience violence and those who denounce it, such as journalist Narges Mohammadi, winner of the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize, who was previously awarded the 2023 UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize alongside two other Iranian journalists, Niloofar Hamedi and Elaheh Mohammadi.
Violence against women must stop. On the international day dedicated to stopping this scourge, UNESCO is once again calling for unity and action, reminding us that each individual has a role to play in ensuring that gender-based violence is no longer tolerated.
By fighting for women's rights, we are protecting human rights as a whole.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为UNESCO官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Message from Ms Audrey Azoulay, Director-General of UNESCO, on the occasion of the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women
教科文组织总干事奥德蕾·阿祖莱制止暴力侵害妇女行为国际日致辞
25 November 2023
“Never forget that it only takes a political, economic or religious crisis for women's rights to be called into question.”
“千万不要忘记，只要发生政治、经济或宗教危机，女性的权利就会受到质疑。”
These words, spoken by French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir in the 1970s, are still alarmingly topical today.
法国哲学家西蒙娜·德·波伏娃在20世纪70年代所讲的这番话，在今天仍然非常具有现实意义。
topical
topical /ˈtɒp.ɪ.kəl/ 1）表示“（医疗产品）局部的，外用的”，英文解释为“A topical medical product is used on the outside of the body.”举个🌰：This lotion is for topical application only. 这种洗剂只能外用。
2）表示“有关时事热点的；时下关注的”，英文解释为“of interest at the present time; relating to things that are happening at present”如：a topical joke 有关时事热点的笑话。
Violence against women, far from abating, is increasing around the world, sparing no woman, whether in her private life or in public spaces. Over 80% of women parliamentarians thus report experiencing psychological violence during their terms. Online attacks on women politicians even threaten their participation in the public affairs of their country.
性别暴力现象在世界各地非但没有减少，反而出现上升趋势，无论是在私生活领域还是公共空间，没有任何一名女性幸免。例如，超过80%的女议员称在其任期内遭遇过心理暴力。针对政界女性的网络攻击甚至威胁到她们参与其国家的公共事务。
abate
abate /əˈbeɪt/ 表示“减少；减弱；减轻；减退”，英文解释为“to become less strong”举个🌰：The storm/wind/rain has started to abate. 暴风雨/风/雨开始减弱了。
parliamentarian
parliamentarian /ˌpɑː.lɪ.menˈteə.ri.ən/ 表示“议会议员，（尤指）资深议员”，英文解释为“a member of a parliament, especially one who is respected for his or her experience and skill”
Women journalists are also particularly at risk. According to a UNESCO report, almost three quarters of them have experienced online violence. And for one in five women journalists, this digital harassment was followed by physical assault. Such violence has terrible consequences for women's freedom of expression and participation in public life: 30% of women journalists said that they self-censored on social media, while 20% had given up all online activity.
女记者也特别容易受到伤害。根据教科文组织的一份报告，近四分之三的女记者经历过网络暴力。五分之一的女记者在经历了网络骚扰后还遭受过身体攻击。这些暴力行为对女性自由表达和参与公共事务造成了严重影响：30%的女记者表示她们在社交媒体上进行自我审查，20%的女记者退出了所有在线活动。
harassment
harassment /ˈhəræsmənt, ˈhærəs-/ 表示“骚扰；烦恼”，英文解释为“Harassment is behaviour which is intended to trouble or annoy someone, for example repeated attacks on them or attempts to cause them problems.”举个🌰：Another survey found that 51 percent of women had experienced some form of sexual harassment in their working lives. 另一份调查显示有51%的女性在其职业生涯中曾遭遇过某种形式的性骚扰。
assault
assault /əˈsɒlt/ 可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“袭击，攻击，猛攻”，英文解释为“a violent attack”；作名词时以表示“侵犯人身（罪），殴击他人身体（罪）”，如：sexual/indecent assault 性侵/猥亵。举个🌰：He was charged with sexual assault. 他被指控性侵犯。
It is clear that violence against women is increasingly taking the form of gender-based attacks on social media, posing a serious threat to human rights and fundamental freedoms. It is for this reason that UNESCO is actively committed to combating this violence.
我们看到，暴力侵害妇女的行为越来越多地表现为社交媒体上基于性别的侵犯，对人权和基本自由构成了严重威胁。
正因如此，教科文组织积极致力于打击这种暴力行为。
First and foremost, our Organization is combating the deep-rooted sexist prejudices in our societies through the tools of education, science, culture and information.
首先，本组织依托教育、科学、文化和信息等工具，与我们社会中根深蒂固的性别偏见作斗争。
deep-rooted
deep-rooted = deep-seated 表示“根深蒂固的；笃信的”，英文解释为“strongly felt or believed and very difficult to change or get rid of”如：a deep-rooted desire 强烈的愿望。
prejudice
prejudice /ˈprɛdʒʊdɪs/ 表示“偏见；成见”，英文解释为“an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is based on their race, religion, sex, etc.”如：a victim of racial prejudice 种族偏见的受害者，Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》。
This requires, in particular, efforts to regulate the digital sphere and, more specifically, the content circulating on social media. Such is the purpose of our Guidelines for the Governance of Digital Platforms, presented at the beginning of November, which propose solutions to end harassment and hate speech – to which women are highly exposed online – while protecting both freedom of expression and human rights.
这尤其需要我们在数字监管方面作出努力，特别是针对社交媒体上传播的内容。这正是我们11月初提出的“数字平台治理准则”的意义所在，这些准则在维护表达自由和人权的同时，为消除网上层出不穷的针对女性的骚扰和仇恨言论提出了解决方案。
sphere
sphere /sfɪə/ 1）表示“球，圆球；球状物”，英文解释为“an object shaped like a round ball”
2）表示“（活动、兴趣的）领域”，英文解释为“A sphere of activity or interest is a particular area of activity or interest.”如：the sphere of international politics 国际政治领域，different social spheres 不同的社会圈子。
circulate
circulate /ˈsɜː.kjə.leɪt/ 表示“（使）循环；（使）流通；（使）传递；（使）散布”，英文解释为“if a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another”举个🌰：Rumours began to circulate about his financial problems. 有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。
🎬电影《拉瑞·克劳》（Larry Crowne）中的台词提到：If gossip of this nature were to circulate, 如果这种性质的八卦流传开来，
We must also combat the race and gender biases that digital platforms and artificial intelligence (AI) can produce. Our Recommendation on the Ethics of AI, unanimously adopted by the Member States of UNESCO in 2021, is the first international standard-setting instrument to make concrete proposals in this area.
此外，还必须打击数字平台和人工智能可能产生的种族主义和性别偏见。教科文组织会员国于2021年一致通过的《人工智能伦理问题建议书》，是世界上第一份在这方面提出具体建议的国际准则性文书。
bias
bias /ˈbaɪ.əs/ 作名词，表示“偏见；偏心；偏向”，英文解释为“a strong feeling in favour of or against one group of people, or one side in an argument, often not based on fair judgement”举个🌰：Employers must consider all candidates impartially and without bias. 雇主必须公平而毫无成见地考虑所有求职者。
作动词，表示“使…怀有偏见”，英文解释为“to cause someone or something to have a bias”举个🌰：The judge ruled that the information should be withheld on the grounds that it would bias the jury against the accused. 法官因该材料会导致陪审团产生不利于被告的偏见而责令将其收回。
biased，形容词，表示“偏袒一方的；有偏见的；倾向性的；片面的”，英文解释为“showing an unreasonable like or dislike for a person based on personal opinions”如：biased information/sources/press reports 片面的信息/消息来源/新闻报道。
ethic
ethic /ˈeθ.ɪk/ 表示“行为准则，伦理；（尤指）道德体系，道德规范”，英文解释为“a system of accepted beliefs that control behaviour, especially such a system based on morals”如：the work ethic 职业道德。
unanimously
unanimous作形容词，副词形式unanimously /juːˈnæn.ɪ.məs.li/ ，表示“一致同意的/地；意见一致地；获全体支持地”，英文解释为“When a group of people are unanimous, they all agree about something or all vote for the same thing.”举个🌰：Editors were unanimous in their condemnation of the proposals. 编辑们一致谴责这些提议。The board unanimously approved the project last week. 董事会上周一致同意批准了这个项目。
Additionally, in today's age of generative AI, our report on the issue of online gender-based violence published at the beginning of November provides useful and pragmatic recommendations for public decision-makers, businesses and civil society actors.
在世界迈入生成式人工智能时代之际，我们于11月初发布了一份关于网络性别暴力问题的报告，为公共决策者、企业和民间社会行为体提供了有用和务实的建议。
generative
generative /ˈdʒen.ər.ə.tɪv/ 表示“有生产能力的；能生成的”，英文解释为“able to produce or create something”如：the generative power of the mind 大脑的生成能力。
📍ChatGPT全名就是：Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer.
📍词根“gen-”来自拉丁语“generare”，表示“产生”，后缀“-ative”表示形容词，即“有产生作用的”。想象生成式AI能够基于现有数据创造新内容。近义词：productive（生产的），同根词：generate（生成），常用短语：generative model（生成模型）
pragmatic
pragmatic /præɡˈmæt.ɪk/ 作形容词，表示“讲究实际的，重实效的；实用主义的”，英文解释为“solving problems in a sensible way that suits the conditions that really exist now, rather than obeying fixed theories, ideas, or rules”举个🌰：In business, the pragmatic approach to problems is often more successful than an idealistic one. 在商业活动中，解决问题用实际的方法往往比空想更有成效。
On this International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women, UNESCO is also paying tribute to all women who experience violence and those who denounce it, such as journalist Narges Mohammadi, winner of the 2023 Nobel Peace Prize, who was previously awarded the 2023 UNESCO/Guillermo Cano World Press Freedom Prize alongside two other Iranian journalists, Niloofar Hamedi and Elaheh Mohammadi.
值此国际日，教科文组织还希望向所有遭受暴力的女性以及揭露暴力行为的女性致敬，如女记者纳尔吉斯·穆罕默迪（Narges Mohammadi），她在获得2023年诺贝尔和平奖之前，还与另外两名伊朗女记者尼罗法尔·哈梅迪（Niloofar Hamedi）和埃拉赫·穆罕默迪（Elaheh Mohammadi）一起获得了2023年教科文组织—吉列尔莫·卡诺世界新闻自由奖。
elimination
除了表示“排除；消除，清除”，也有“淘汰”的含义，英文解释为“the process of removing something”如：their elimination from the competition 他们被淘汰出比赛，the elimination of disease/pain 消除疾病/解除疼痛。
denounce
denounce /dɪˈnaʊns/ 表示“谴责；指责；斥责”，英文解释为“to strongly criticize sb/sth that you think is wrong, illegal, etc.”举个🌰：The project was denounced as a scandalous waste of public money. 这项工程被斥责为挥霍公款，令人愤慨。
📍名词：denouncement /di'naunsmənt/，表示“谴责；指责；告发；痛骂；公开抨击”，英文解释为“a public act of denouncing；A charging of someone with a misdeed”；
⚠️区分：denouement /deɪˈnuːmɒn/ 表示“（戏剧、小说等的）结局，收场；（事情的）结果”（the end of a play, book, etc., in which everything is explained or settled; the end result of a situation）
📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：But if you tell Granny I said so, I'll denounce you as a liar. 但你要是敢把我的话告诉奶奶 我就说你撒谎。
Violence against women must stop. On the international day dedicated to stopping this scourge, UNESCO is once again calling for unity and action, reminding us that each individual has a role to play in ensuring that gender-based violence is no longer tolerated.
暴力侵害妇女的行为必须加以制止。值此旨在消除这一祸患的国际日，教科文组织再次呼吁团结一致采取行动，并强调指出，为确保任何性别暴力行为都不再被容忍，每个人都应发挥应有作用。
scourge
scourge /skɜːdʒ/ 表示“灾难，祸害；苦难的根源”，英文解释为“something or someone that causes great suffering or a lot of trouble”如：the scourge of war/poverty/drugs 战争/贫困/毒品的祸害。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述作家探讨新冠疫情将如何改变世界的文章中提到：In the teeth of a scourge on the scale of covid-19, the impulse to draw significance from suffering is again strong. 面对新冠疫情这种规模的灾难，人们从苦难中追寻意义的冲动再次被激发。
By fighting for women's rights, we are protecting human rights as a whole.
为妇女的权利开展斗争，也会使整体人权得到保护。
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