5. 使生物系统正常化马萨诸塞州综合医院的研究人员采用了一种已上市的药物，旨在使肿瘤周围的血管正常化（以改善向癌细胞的药物递送），并用它来加强抗微生物药物的递送，从而杀死肺部的结核菌。这种方法旨在克服将强效抗菌药引导至目标部位时所遇到的阻碍问题。这些阻碍包括功能不全的血管和细胞外基质（围绕人体组织的蛋白质和其他分子网络），它们都会减少血液流动，从而干扰药物递送。就结核病而言，传染性细菌会残留在肉芽肿中，而肉芽肿中的有机体可以成功躲避人体的免疫系统。除非抗菌药能到达病菌，否则治疗是无效的。为了提高药物到达目标部位（这里指的是白细胞和其他组织的微小团块）的机会，可以使用作用于血管的药物贝伐珠单抗和作用于细胞外基质的药物洛沙坦来提高抗菌药到达病原体的机会。迄今为止，这一过程只在动物模型中进行过测试，但在加强抗菌药物递送、促进抗菌宿主反应和改善健康状况方面取得的成功，使其成为2025 年值得进一步研究的领域。ReferencesYang, Z., Xu, C. Lee, J. Lum, G. Magnetic Miniature Soft Robot with Reprogrammable Drug‐Dispensing Functionalities: Toward Advanced Targeted Combination Therapy. Advanced Materials, 2024; DOI: 10.1002/adma.202408750Horejs, CM. Soft robotic drug-delivery device overcomes fibrotic encapsulation. Nat Rev Bioeng 1, 693 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-023-00122-9DeRidder, L., Hare, K., Lopes, A. et al. Closed-loop automated drug infusion regulator: A clinically translatable, closed-loop drug delivery system for personalized drug dosing. Med, 2024; DOI: 10.1016/j.medj.2024.03.020Chen, L., Nixon, R., De Bo., G. Force-controlled release of small molecules with a rotaxane actuator. Nature, 2024; 628 (8007): 320 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07154-0Adjei-Sowah, E., Chandrasiri, I., Xiao, B. et al. Development of a nanoparticle-based tendon-targeting drug delivery system to pharmacologically modulate tendon healing. Science Advances, 2024; 10 (25) DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adn2332Chen, T-Y., Gonzalez-Kozlova, E., Soleymani, T. et al. Extracellular vesicles carry distinct proteo-transcriptomic signatures that are different from their cancer cell of origin. iScience, 2022; 25 (6): 104414Stranford, D., Simons, L., Berman, K. et al. Genetically encoding multiple functionalities into extracellular vesicles for the targeted delivery of biologics to T cells. Nature Biomedical Engineering, 2023; DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01142-xDatta, M., Via, L., V. et al. Normalizing granuloma vasculature and matrix improves drug delivery and reduces bacterial burden in tuberculosis-infected rabbits. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2024; 121 (14) DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321336121“药物递送”系列精彩推荐
