灵枢·五癃津液别
Miraculous Pivot · On the Differentiation of the Five Types of Urinary Retention and Body Fluids
黄帝问于岐伯曰：“水谷入于口，输于肠胃，其液别为五：天寒衣薄，则为溺与气；The Yellow Emperor asked Qibo: "When food and water enter the mouth and are transported to the intestines and stomach, the body fluids are differentiated into five types. When it is cold and one wears thin clothes, they turn into urine and qi.
黄帝问岐伯说：“饮食物入口以后，又被输送到胃和肠，其化生的津液分为五种：如果在天气寒冷和衣服单薄时，津液就会化生为尿和气；
天热衣厚则为汗；悲哀气并则为泣；中热胃缓则为唾。When it is hot and one wears thick clothes, they turn into sweat. When one is in a state of grief and qi converges, they turn into tears. When there is internal heat and the stomach is relaxed, they turn into saliva.
天气炎热和衣服过厚时，津液就化生为汗；情绪悲哀，气并于上，津液出于目就化生为泪；中焦有热，胃体弛缓，津液出于口就化生为唾液。
邪气内逆，则气为之闭塞而不行，不行则为水胀。余知其然也，不知其何由生，愿闻其道。”When pathogenic qi flows in the opposite direction internally, qi will be blocked and unable to move. If it cannot move, it will lead to water distension. I know this is the case, but I don't know how it comes about. I would like to hear the principle behind it.
邪气侵入体内，则阳气闭塞而使津液不能流动，水气潴留而为水胀病。我知道这些情况，但是不知道其化生的机理，想请你讲一下。”
岐伯曰：水谷皆入于口，其味有五，各注其海。津液各走其道。Qibo said: Food and water all enter the mouth. They have five flavors and each is infused into its corresponding sea. Body fluids each flow along their own paths.
岐伯说：饮食物都是由口进入人体，饮食物中有酸、苦、甘、辛、咸五味，分别注入相应的脏器及人体四海。饮食物所化生的津液也分别沿着一定的道路输布。
故三焦出气，以温肌肉，充皮肤，为其津，其流而不行者为液。Therefore, the Triple Energizer emits qi to warm the muscles, nourish the skin, and this is called jin (the clear and thin body fluid that can moisten and nourish the tissues on the surface of the body). The body fluid that flows slowly and does not move freely is called ye (the thick and viscous body fluid that can moisten and nourish the internal organs and joints)."
其中，由三焦气布散的饮食物中的精微物质，能够温润肌肉、充养皮肤，这就叫做“津”；那些流注于脏腑、官窍，补益脑髓而不布散的，就叫做“液”。
天暑衣厚则腠理开，故汗出，寒留于分肉之间，聚沫则为痛。When it is hot in summer and one wears thick clothes, the striae of the skin and muscles open, so sweat comes out. When cold remains between the muscles, it gathers foam and causes pain.
天气炎热和穿衣太厚，腠理开泄而出汗。如果又感受寒邪，寒邪就会留滞在分肉里面，使得津液凝聚成沫，挤压分肉，阻碍阳气流行就会产生疼痛。
天寒则腠理闭，气湿不行，水下留于膀胱，则为溺与气。When it is cold, the striae of the skin and muscles close, qi and dampness cannot move, and water stays in the bladder, so it turns into urine and qi.
天气寒冷，汗孔闭塞不能出汗，阳气不化，水液不得蒸化宣行则向下输注到膀胱，就形成尿液和气。
五脏六腑，心为之主，耳为之听，目为之候，肺为之相，肝为之将，脾为之卫，肾为之主外。Among the five zang-organs and six fu-organs, the heart is the master. The ears are for hearing, the eyes are for observing, the lungs are the assistant, the liver is the general, the spleen is the defender, and the kidney is in charge of the exterior.
五脏六腑中，心为君主，主宰其他脏器的活动，耳朵为君主探听消息，眼睛为君主观察物体，肺是君主的宰相，肝是君主的将军主谋虑，脾是君主的近卫守护宫廷，肾为君主的外派官员掌管着国家的形体。
故五脏六腑之津液，尽上渗于目。心悲气并则心系急，心系急则肺举，肺举则液上溢。夫心系与肺，不能常举，乍上乍下，故咳而泣出矣。Therefore, the body fluids of the five zang-organs and six fu-organs all seep upward to the eyes. When the heart is in a state of grief and qi converges, the heart system becomes tense. When the heart system is tense, the lungs are lifted. When the lungs are lifted, the body fluids overflow upward. Since the heart system and the lungs cannot always be lifted, but go up and down suddenly, cough and tears will come out.
所以，五脏六腑的津液都向上渗入眼睛。心里悲伤，就会使五脏六腑之气都并于心中，引起连心的脉络急紧，连心的脉络急紧就会使肺上抬，肺上抬就会使津液上溢。心之脉络急紧，而肺不能常久上抬，忽上忽下，因此引起咳嗽而且流眼泪。
中热则胃中消谷，消谷则虫上下作，肠胃充郭，故胃缓，胃缓则气逆，故唾出。When there is internal heat, food is digested in the stomach. When food is digested, worms move up and down in the intestines and stomach. The intestines and stomach become full and distended, so the stomach becomes relaxed. When the stomach is relaxed, qi flows in the opposite direction, so saliva comes out.
中焦有热，就会使胃中谷物消化过快，谷物消化后，则肠中的寄生虫就会上下蠕动，而虫子蠕动纠缠就会使肠梗满，因此导致胃运动缓慢，胃运动缓慢就会使气上逆，因而唾液向上排出。
五谷之津液，和合而为膏者，内渗入于骨空，补益脑髓，而下流于阴股。阴阳不和，则使液溢而下流于阴，髓液皆减而下，下过度则虚，虚故腰背痛而胫酸。The body fluids of the five grains combine to form a paste. They penetrate inward into the bone cavities, supplement and nourish the brain and spinal cord, and then flow downward to the inner thighs. When yin and yang are not in harmony, it will cause the body fluids to overflow and flow downward to the private parts. The spinal cord and body fluids all decrease and flow downward. If the downward flow is excessive, it will lead to deficiency. Due to the deficiency, there will be pain in the lower back and soreness in the shins.
饮食物所化生的津液，混合成脂膏样的部分，向内渗灌到骨腔中，并可以向上补益脑髓，向下流注到大腿内侧。精属阴，气属阳，如阴阳不和，则阳气不能固摄，精液向下流溢，从阴窍外泄，从而使滋养骨髓的津液也随着向下溢出而减少，如果下溢过度，真阴虚损，就会出现腰背疼痛和足胫酸楚。
阴阳气道不通，四海闭塞，三焦不泻，津液不化，水谷并行肠胃之中，别于回肠，留于下焦，不得渗膀胱，则下焦胀，水溢则为水胀。此津液五别之逆顺也。When the passages of yin and yang qi are blocked, the Four Seas (the Sea of Qi, the Sea of Blood, the Sea of Grain, and the Sea of Marrow) are closed, the Triple Energizer does not drain, body fluids are not transformed, food and water move together in the intestines and stomach, are separated in the ileum, stay in the lower jiao, and cannot seep into the bladder. Then the lower jiao will be distended, and if water overflows, it will lead to water distension. This is the normal and abnormal situations of the five differentiations of body fluids.
阴阳气道阻滞不畅，四海闭塞不通，三焦不能疏泄，津液不能正常的布化到全身，饮食物相互混杂在肠胃中运行，积于大肠，水液停留在下焦，不能渗灌于膀胱，这样就会使下焦胀满，水流向外泛溢，就会发生水胀病。这些就是津液分为五条通路运行的正常和异常的情况。
