上个月，“起床后不叠被子的人赢了”这一话题引发热议。今天我们再来看看相关研究。
🤔️小作业：
1. According to the survey, how do people who make their beds generally differ from those who do not?
A) Bed-makers are more likely to have careers in creative industries.
B) Non-bed makers are described as confident and adventurous.
C) Bed-makers are typically early risers.
D) Non-bed makers tend to avoid social interactions and are never sarcastic.
无注释原文：
Here's what making your bed (or not) reveals about your personality
From: CNBC, September 13, 2018
It turns out it's not just a personal preference — you can learn a lot about a person by knowing whether or not they make their bed in the morning.
That's according to a recent survey of 2,000 Americans conducted by market research company OnePoll and commissioned by sleep research site Sleepopolis. The report, which was recently highlighted on the TODAY show, found that people who make their beds tend to be adventurous, confident, sociable and high-maintenance. Meanwhile, people who don't make their beds tend to be shy, moody, curious and sarcastic.
Further, bed-makers tend to be morning people who rise without alarm clocks. They're likely to work in health or technology-related fields. Those who don't make their beds, on the other hand, tend to be night owls prone to hitting the snooze button. They tend to work in business or finance.
So can becoming a bed-maker actually change your life? Retired U.S. Navy Admiral Seal William H. McCraven believes that picking up this daily practice can have a bigger impact than you might think.
In a commencement speech at the University of Texas, McCraven, who authored the book “Make Your Bed: Little Things Can Change Your Life...and Maybe the World,” told students that the importance of making your bed every day was one of the most powerful lessons he learned during his time as a Navy SEAL.
“If you make your bed every morning, you will have accomplished the first task of the day,″ he said. “It will give you a small sense of pride, and it will encourage you to do another task, and another, and another. And by the end of the day that one task completed will have turned into many tasks completed.”
He added that making your bed helps to reinforce the importance of life's finer details. He emphasized that “if you can't do the little things right, you'll never be able to do the big things right. And if by chance you have a miserable day, you will come home to a bed that is made — that you made.”
McCraven's logic is supported by research from the National Sleep Foundation, which finds that people who make their beds in the morning tend to get better rest at night because they are falling asleep in a tidy, organized bedroom.
While Sleepopolis data suggests that making your bed can have a positive impact on your overall lifestyle, the same study found the habit does not affect the amount of sleep you get. According to the survey, both bed-makers and non-bed makers get an average of just six and a half hours of sleep per night, less than the seven to nine hours of sleep experts recommend.
Successful business leaders like Arianna Huffington, Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates argue that despite today's non-stop work culture, proper rest is crucial to your health.
“I can tell you with authority that when I'm exhausted, when I'm running on empty, I'm the worst version of myself,” Huffington said. “I'm more reactive. I'm less empathetic. I'm less creative. And all of us can testify to that.”
After passing out at her desk in 2007 from sleep deprivation and exhaustion, Huffington committed to making self-care a priority. It's a “complete delusion,” she said, to think you can be productive on very little sleep. She added, “I'm not saying that you can't succeed by burning out. But you can succeed much more effectively, and much more sustainably, and with much less damage to your health and your relationships.”
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Here's what making your bed (or not) reveals about your personality
From: CNBC, September 13, 2018
It turns out it's not just a personal preference — you can learn a lot about a person by knowing whether or not they make their bed in the morning.
事实证明，早上是否整理床铺不仅仅关乎个人习惯，还能揭示一个人的性格特点。
make a/the bed
表示“（起床后）收拾床铺，整理床铺”，英文解释为“to pull up and tidy the covers on a bed after it has been slept in”举个🌰：She hurried upstairs and quickly made the beds. 她匆忙上楼，飞快地整理了床铺。
That's according to a recent survey of 2,000 Americans conducted by market research company OnePoll and commissioned by sleep research site Sleepopolis. The report, which was recently highlighted on the TODAY show, found that people who make their beds tend to be adventurous, confident, sociable and high-maintenance. Meanwhile, people who don't make their beds tend to be shy, moody, curious and sarcastic.
这是市场调研公司OnePoll受睡眠研究网站Sleepopolis委托最近对2000名美国人进行调查的结果。该调查结果最近受到《今日》节目关注，调查发现，会整理床铺的人往往喜欢冒险、自信、善于交际、高要求。而不整理床铺的人往往较为害羞、情绪多变、好奇心强、爱挖苦人。
commission
commission /kəˈmɪʃ.ən/ 1）作名词，表示“（负责调查问题真相或原因的）委员会”，英文解释为“a group of people who have been formally chosen to discover information about a problem or examine the reasons why the problem exists”如：a commission on alcohol abuse/racial tension 酗酒问题/种族间紧张关系调查委员会。
2）作动词，表示“委任（或任命）…为军官”，英文解释为“to give someone the official authority to be an officer in the armed forces”举个🌰：She was commissioned in 2024. 她于2024年被任命为军官。
3）作动词，表示“（正式地）安排…做，委托…做”，英文解释为“to formally choose someone to do a special piece of work, or to formally ask for a special piece of work from someone”举个🌰：She's commissioned an artist to paint her portrait. 她请了一位艺术家为她画肖像。
4）in commission表示“（机器、军舰等）在使用中的，在服役的”，英文解释为“If something, such as a machine or a military ship, is in commission it is working and ready for use.”这个含义也可以直接将commission当作动词用，相当于to put (a ship) in commission. 举个🌰：The ship was commissioned in 2024. 该舰于2024年服役。
5）out of commission 表示“（机器、军舰等）坏了的，不可使用的，退役的”，英文解释为“If something, such as a machine or a military ship, is out of commission it is broken or not available to be used.”
sociable
sociable /ˈsəʊ.ʃə.bəl/ 表示“好交际的；善于社交的；合群的”，英文解释为“Sociable people like to meet and spend time with other people.”举个🌰：I had a headache and I wasn't feeling very sociable. 我头痛，不想参加社交活动。
high-maintenance
High-maintenance，用来描述那些在日常生活中需要大量关注、关照或资源的人。这种描述通常带有轻微的负面含义，暗示此人可能较为挑剔、要求高或在关系中需要更多的投入和努力。
moody
moody /ˈmuː.di/ 表示“心情多变的，喜怒无常的”，英文解释为“If someone is moody, their moods change suddenly and they become angry or unhappy easily.”如：a moody teenager 情绪多变的少年。
sarcastic
sarcastic /sɑːˈkæstɪk/ 表示“讽刺的；嘲讽的；挖苦的”，英文解释为“showing or expressing sarcasm”，如：sarcastic comments 冷嘲热讽的话，a sarcastic manner 嘲讽的态度，举个🌰：‘There's no need to be sarcastic,’ she said. “不必挖苦人嘛。”她说。
📍名词：sarcasm /ˈsɑːkæzəm/表示“讽刺；嘲讽；挖苦”，英文解释为“a way of using words that are the opposite of what you mean in order to be unpleasant to sb or to make fun of them”
Further, bed-makers tend to be morning people who rise without alarm clocks. They're likely to work in health or technology-related fields. Those who don't make their beds, on the other hand, tend to be night owls prone to hitting the snooze button. They tend to work in business or finance.
此外，会整理床铺的人往往是早上起床不用闹钟的人。他们很可能从事与健康或技术相关的工作。另一方面，不整理床铺的人往往是夜猫子，喜欢赖床，可能从事商业或金融领域工作。
night owl
night owl /ˈnaɪt ˌaʊl/ 表示“夜猫子”，英文解释为“a person who prefers to be awake and active at night”
snooze
可以作名词，也可以作动词，snooze /snuːz/ 表示“打盹，小睡”，英文解释为“to sleep lightly for a short while”举个🌰：The dog's snoozing in front of the fire. 那只狗在炉火前打盹儿。
补充：
📍you snooze, you lose 表示“一但不留神就会被人抢先”，英文解释为“if you do not pay attention and do something quickly, someone else will do it instead of you”
📍闹钟上一般会有一个“snooze”键，也就是“再睡一会/稍后提醒”的功能。
So can becoming a bed-maker actually change your life? Retired U.S. Navy Admiral Seal William H. McCraven believes that picking up this daily practice can have a bigger impact than you might think.
那么，整理床铺真的能改变你的人生吗？美国海军退役上将、海豹突击队员威廉·麦克雷文（William H. McCraven）认为，养成这一日常习惯的影响可能比你想象的更大。
Admiral
Admiral /ˈæd.mər.əl/ 表示“海军将军；海军上将；舰队司令”，英文解释为“an officer of very high rank in the navy”
In a commencement speech at the University of Texas, McCraven, who authored the book “Make Your Bed: Little Things Can Change Your Life...and Maybe the World,” told students that the importance of making your bed every day was one of the most powerful lessons he learned during his time as a Navy SEAL.
麦克雷文是《整理床铺：小事改变人生......甚至改变世界》一书的作者，他在德克萨斯大学毕业典礼演讲中对学生们说，每天整理床铺的重要性是他在海豹突击队服役期间学到的最重要经验之一。
commencement
commencement /kəˈmens.mənt/ 1）表示“学位授予典礼；毕业典礼”，英文解释为“a ceremony at which students formally receive their degrees”
2）表示“开始；开端”，英文解释为“the beginning of something”举个🌰：Would passengers please turn off their mobile phones before the commencement of the flight. 请乘客们在飞机起飞前关闭手机。
“If you make your bed every morning, you will have accomplished the first task of the day,″ he said. “It will give you a small sense of pride, and it will encourage you to do another task, and another, and another. And by the end of the day that one task completed will have turned into many tasks completed.”
“如果你每天早上都整理床铺，你就完成了一天中的第一项任务，”他说。“这会给你带来小小的自豪感，鼓励你完成一个又一个任务。到一天结束时，完成这一项小任务就会变成完成了许多项任务。”
He added that making your bed helps to reinforce the importance of life's finer details. He emphasized that “if you can't do the little things right, you'll never be able to do the big things right. And if by chance you have a miserable day, you will come home to a bed that is made — that you made.”
他补充说，整理床铺有助于强化生活细节的重要性。他强调说：“如果你连小事都做不好，就永远无法做好大事。即使某一天过得不如意，回家看到自己整理好的床铺也能感到些许安慰。”
reinforce
reinforce /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːs/ 1）表示“加强；充实；使更强烈；进一步证实（观点、看法等）”，英文解释为“to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger”举个🌰：Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
2）表示“加固；使更结实”，英文解释为“to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to it”举个🌰：All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes. 所有建筑现都已加固，以抗地震。
McCraven's logic is supported by research from the National Sleep Foundation, which finds that people who make their beds in the morning tend to get better rest at night because they are falling asleep in a tidy, organized bedroom.
麦克雷文的观点得到了美国国家睡眠基金会研究的支持，该研究发现，早上整理床铺的人晚上往往休息得更好，因为他们是在整洁、有序的卧室里入睡的。
While Sleepopolis data suggests that making your bed can have a positive impact on your overall lifestyle, the same study found the habit does not affect the amount of sleep you get. According to the survey, both bed-makers and non-bed makers get an average of just six and a half hours of sleep per night, less than the seven to nine hours of sleep experts recommend.
虽然Sleepopolis的数据表明，整理床铺会对你的整体生活方式产生积极影响，但该研究发现，整理床铺的习惯并不会影响你的睡眠时间。调查结果显示，无论是整理床铺还是不整理床铺的人，每晚平均睡眠时间都只有六个半小时，低于专家建议的七到九个小时睡眠时间。
recommend
recommend /ˌrek.əˈmend/ 表示“推荐，介绍；建议”，英文解释为“to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done”举个🌰：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious. 我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。
📍单词“recommend”由词根“-mend”（来自拉丁语“mendare”，表示“赞扬”）和前缀“reco-”（表示强调）组成。
Successful business leaders like Arianna Huffington, Jeff Bezos and Bill Gates argue that despite today's non-stop work culture, proper rest is crucial to your health.
阿里安娜·赫芬顿（Arianna Huffington）、杰夫·贝索斯（Jeff Bezos）和比尔·盖茨（Bill Gates）等成功商界领袖认为，尽管现代工作节奏快，但充足的休息对健康至关重要。
“I can tell you with authority that when I'm exhausted, when I'm running on empty, I'm the worst version of myself,” Huffington said. “I'm more reactive. I'm less empathetic. I'm less creative. And all of us can testify to that.”
“我可以负责任地说，当我精疲力竭、耗尽精力时，我会变成最糟糕的样子。”赫芬顿指出。“情绪化、缺乏同理心和创造力——这些都是明显的表现。”
reactive
reactive /riˈæk.tɪv/ 表示“反应的，回应的（非主动求变或预防性的）”，英文解释为“reacting to events or situations rather than acting first to change or prevent something”
📍源自动词 “react”（反应）。在性格描述中，reactive指的是一个人倾向于对外界刺激或情境做出即时且情绪化的反应，而不是主动地预见和控制这些情境。这种性格特征通常伴随着以下表现：情绪化、冲动、缺乏控制。
empathetic
empathetic /ˌem.pəˈθet.ɪk/ 表示“表示同情的；有同感的，产生共鸣的”，英文解释为“having the ability to imagine how someone else feels”如：a kind and empathetic friend 一个善解人意的朋友。
testify
testify /ˈtes.tɪ.faɪ/ 表示“证明，证实；作证”，英文解释为“(of a person) to speak seriously about something, especially in a law court, or to give or provide proof”举个🌰：He testified that he had seen the man leaving the building around the time of the murder. 他作证说，自己看到那人在谋杀发生前后离开了大楼。
After passing out at her desk in 2007 from sleep deprivation and exhaustion, Huffington committed to making self-care a priority. It's a “complete delusion,” she said, to think you can be productive on very little sleep. She added, “I'm not saying that you can't succeed by burning out. But you can succeed much more effectively, and much more sustainably, and with much less damage to your health and your relationships.”
2007年，赫芬顿因睡眠不足和过度劳累而晕倒在办公桌前，此后她承诺要把自我关爱放在首位。她说，认为熬夜工作就能提高工作效率完全是一种“错觉”。她补充说：“我并不是说，你无法通过透支身体而取得成功。但你可以以更有效、更可持续的方式取得成功，对健康和人际关系的损害也会小得多。”
deprivation
deprivation /ˌdep.rɪˈveɪ.ʃən/ 表示“缺失，缺乏，匮乏；丧失；剥夺”，英文解释为“a situation in which you do not have things or conditions that are usually considered necessary for a pleasant life”举个🌰：They used sleep deprivation as a form of torture. 他们把不让睡觉作为一种折磨人的手段。
delusion
delusion /dɪˈluː.ʒən/ 表示“幻想；错觉”，英文解释为“belief in something that is not true”举个🌰：He's under the delusion that he will be promoted this year. 他怀有自己今年会得到晋升的错觉。
burn out
burnout /ˈbɜrnˌɑʊt/ 表示“极度劳累；疲劳过度”，英文解释为“extreme tiredness usually caused by working too much”如：employees complaining of/suffering burn-out 抱怨/感到极度劳累的员工。
📍根据世界卫生组织，职业过劳（Occupational burnout）是一种由慢性工作压力导致的症候群，症状包含“精神耗尽、对工作的心理距离增加、对工作的负面感觉、以及工作效率的减少”。职业过劳不被归类为一种医学疾病。
📍动词短语：burn (yourself) out，疲惫不堪，精疲力竭。
sustainably
sustainably /səˈsteɪ.nə.bli/ 1）表示“持续地，能保持地，能维持地”，英文解释为“in a way that can continue over a period of time”举个🌰：They were aiming for sustainably higher rates of pay for all their employees. 他们的目标是可以持续提高所有员工的工资水平。
2）表示“（对环境不造成损害或损害极小因而）可持续地”，英文解释为“in a way that causes little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time”举个🌰：The article is full of hints on how to live sustainably. 关于如何实现对环境影响极小的可持续生活，这篇文章里有很多提示。
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