Three.js 逼真的海面效果

文化   2024-10-29 07:00   河南  

使用 Three.js 的 WebGL 小实验。逼真的海面效果。

实现代码

HTML:

<!-- THIS is OPENGL Shading language scripts --><script id="vertex-shader" type="no-js">void main()  {gl_Position = vec4( position, 1.0 );}</script><!-- orinal from https://www.shadertoy.com/view/Ms2SD1 --><script id="fragment-shader" type="no-js">#ifdef GL_ESprecision mediump float;#endif

uniform float time;uniform vec2 mouse;uniform vec2 resolution;varying vec2 surfacePosition;

const int NUM_STEPS = 8;const float PI = 3.1415;const float EPSILON = 1e-3;float EPSILON_NRM = 0.1 / resolution.x;

// seaconst int ITER_GEOMETRY = 3;const int ITER_FRAGMENT = 5;const float SEA_HEIGHT = 0.6;const float SEA_CHOPPY = 2.0;const float SEA_SPEED = 0.8;const float SEA_FREQ = 0.16;const vec3 SEA_BASE = vec3(0.1,0.19,0.22);const vec3 SEA_WATER_COLOR = vec3(0.8,0.9,0.6);const float SKY_INTENSITY = 1.0;

#define SEA_TIME time * SEA_SPEED

// mathmat4 fromEuler(vec3 ang) { vec2 a1 = vec2(sin(ang.x),cos(ang.x)); vec2 a2 = vec2(sin(ang.y),cos(ang.y)); vec2 a3 = vec2(sin(ang.z),cos(ang.z)); mat4 m; m[0] = vec4(a1.y*a3.y+a1.x*a2.x*a3.x,a1.y*a2.x*a3.x+a3.y*a1.x,-a2.y*a3.x,0.0);m[1] = vec4(-a2.y*a1.x,a1.y*a2.y,a2.x,0.0);m[2] = vec4(a3.y*a1.x*a2.x+a1.y*a3.x,a1.x*a3.x-a1.y*a3.y*a2.x,a2.y*a3.y,0.0);m[3] = vec4(0.0,0.0,0.0,1.0);return m;}vec3 rotate(vec3 v, mat4 m) { return vec3(dot(v,m[0].xyz),dot(v,m[1].xyz),dot(v,m[2].xyz));}float hash( vec2 p ) { float h = dot(p,vec2(127.1,311.7)); return fract(sin(h)*43758.5453123);}float noise( in vec2 p ) { vec2 i = floor( p ); vec2 f = fract( p ); vec2 u = f*f*(3.0-2.0*f); return -1.0+2.0*mix( mix( hash( i + vec2(0.0,0.0) ), hash( i + vec2(1.0,0.0) ), u.x), mix( hash( i + vec2(0.0,1.0) ), hash( i + vec2(1.0,1.0) ), u.x), u.y);}



// lightingfloat diffuse(vec3 n,vec3 l,float p) { return pow(dot(n,l) * 0.4 + 0.6,p); }float specular(vec3 n,vec3 l,vec3 e,float s) { float nrm = (s + 8.0) / (3.1415 * 8.0); return pow(max(dot(reflect(e,n),l),0.0),s) * nrm;}

// skyvec3 sky_color(vec3 e) { e.y = max(e.y,0.0); vec3 ret; ret.x = pow(1.0-e.y,2.0); ret.y = 1.0-e.y; ret.z = 0.6+(1.0-e.y)*0.4; return ret * SKY_INTENSITY;}

// seafloat sea_octave(vec2 uv, float choppy) { uv += noise(uv); vec2 wv = 1.0-abs(sin(uv)); vec2 swv = abs(cos(uv)); wv = mix(wv,swv,wv); return pow(1.0-pow(wv.x * wv.y,0.65),choppy);}

float map(vec3 p) { float freq = SEA_FREQ; float amp = SEA_HEIGHT; float choppy = SEA_CHOPPY; vec2 uv = p.xz; uv.x *= 0.75; mat2 m = mat2(1.6,1.2,-1.2,1.6); float d, h = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < ITER_GEOMETRY; i++) { d = sea_octave((uv+SEA_TIME)*freq,choppy); d += sea_octave((uv-SEA_TIME)*freq,choppy); h += d * amp; uv *= m; freq *= 1.9; amp *= 0.22; choppy = mix(choppy,1.0,0.2); } return p.y - h;}float map_detailed(vec3 p) { float freq = SEA_FREQ; float amp = SEA_HEIGHT; float choppy = SEA_CHOPPY; vec2 uv = p.xz; uv.x *= 0.75; mat2 m = mat2(1.6,1.2,-1.2,1.6); float d, h = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < ITER_FRAGMENT; i++) { d = sea_octave((uv+SEA_TIME)*freq,choppy); d += sea_octave((uv-SEA_TIME)*freq,choppy); h += d * amp; uv *= m; freq *= 1.9; amp *= 0.22; choppy = mix(choppy,1.0,0.2); } return p.y - h;}

vec3 sea_color(in vec3 p, in vec3 n, in vec3 eye, in vec3 dist) { float fresnel_o = 1.0 - max(dot(n,-eye),0.0); float fresnel = pow(fresnel_o,3.0) * 0.65; // reflection vec3 refl = sky_color(reflect(eye,n)); // color vec3 ret = SEA_BASE; ret = mix(ret,refl,fresnel); // wave peaks float atten = max(1.0 - dot(dist,dist) * 0.001, 0.0); ret += SEA_WATER_COLOR * (p.y - SEA_HEIGHT) * 0.18 * atten; return ret;}

// tracingvec3 getNormal(vec3 p, float eps) { vec3 n; n.y = map_detailed(p); n.x = map_detailed(vec3(p.x+eps,p.y,p.z)) - n.y; n.z = map_detailed(vec3(p.x,p.y,p.z+eps)) - n.y; n.y = eps; return normalize(n);}float hftracing(vec3 ori, vec3 dir, out vec3 p) { float tm = 0.0; float tx = 1000.0; float hx = map(ori + dir * tx); if(hx > 0.0) return tx; float hm = map(ori + dir * tm); float tmid = 0.0; for(int i = 0; i < NUM_STEPS; i++) { tmid = mix(tm,tx, hm/(hm-hx)); p = ori + dir * tmid; float hmid = map(p);if(hmid < 0.0) { tx = tmid; hx = hmid; } else { tm = tmid; hm = hmid; } } return tmid;}

// mainvoid main(void) { vec2 uv = gl_FragCoord.xy / resolution.xy; uv = 1.0 - uv * 2.0; uv.x *= resolution.x / resolution.y; //uv = (surfacePosition+vec2(0., .5))*17. + 5E-3*(pow(length(surfacePosition+vec2(0. ,0.5)), -2.)); uv.y *= -1.; //uv.y += -2.; // ray vec3 ang = vec3(0.0,0.003, pow(time, 0.6)); ang = vec3(0.0,clamp(2.0-mouse.y*0.01,-0.3,PI),mouse.x*0.01); vec3 ori = vec3(0.0,3.5,time*.05); vec3 dir = normalize(vec3(uv.xy,-2.0)); dir.z -= length(uv) * 0.15; //dir = rotate(normalize(dir),ang); // tracing vec3 p; float dens = hftracing(ori,dir,p); vec3 dist = p - ori; vec3 n = getNormal(p, dot(dist,dist)*EPSILON_NRM); // color vec3 color = sea_color(p,n,dir,dist); vec3 light = normalize(vec3(0.0,1.0,0.8)); color += vec3(diffuse(n,light,80.0) * SEA_WATER_COLOR) * 0.12; color += vec3(specular(n,light,dir,60.0)); // post color = mix(sky_color(dir),color,pow(smoothstep(0.0,-0.05,dir.y),0.3)); color = pow(color,vec3(0.75)); gl_FragColor = vec4(color,1.0);}</script>
CSS:
body {  overflow: hidden;  margin: 0;  height: 100%;}

JAVASCRIPT:

// init camera, scene, renderervar scene, camera, renderer;scene = new THREE.Scene();var fov = 75,aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;camera = new THREE.PerspectiveCamera(fov, aspect, 0.1, 1000);camera.position.z = 100;camera.lookAt(scene.position);renderer = new THREE.WebGLRenderer();renderer.setClearColor(0xc4c4c4);renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);document.body.appendChild(renderer.domElement);var clock = new THREE.Clock();

var tuniform = {time: {type: 'f',value: 0.1},resolution: {type: 'v2',value: new THREE.Vector2()},mouse: {type: 'v4',value: new THREE.Vector2()}};

// Mouse position in - 1 to 1renderer.domElement.addEventListener('mousedown', function(e) {var canvas = renderer.domElement;var rect = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();tuniform.mouse.value.x = (e.clientX - rect.left) / window.innerWidth * 2 - 1;tuniform.mouse.value.y = (e.clientY - rect.top) / window.innerHeight * -2 + 1; });renderer.domElement.addEventListener('mouseup', function(e) {var canvas = renderer.domElement;var rect = canvas.getBoundingClientRect();tuniform.mouse.value.z = (e.clientX - rect.left) / window.innerWidth * 2 - 1;tuniform.mouse.value.w = (e.clientY - rect.top) / window.innerHeight * -2 + 1;});// resize canvas functionwindow.addEventListener('resize',function() {camera.aspect = window.innerWidth / window.innerHeight;camera.updateProjectionMatrix();renderer.setSize(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight);});

tuniform.resolution.value.x = window.innerWidth;tuniform.resolution.value.y = window.innerHeight;// Create Planevar material = new THREE.ShaderMaterial({uniforms: tuniform,vertexShader: document.getElementById('vertex-shader').textContent,fragmentShader: document.getElementById('fragment-shader').textContent});var mesh = new THREE.Mesh(new THREE.PlaneBufferGeometry(window.innerWidth, window.innerHeight, 40), material);scene.add(mesh);

// draw animationfunction render(time) {tuniform.time.value += clock.getDelta();requestAnimationFrame(render);renderer.render(scene, camera);}render();



源码:

https://codepen.io/Khangeldy/pen/pgXNMZ


体验:

https://codepen.io/Khangeldy/full/pgXNMZ



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初识Threejs
初识 Three.js 的奇妙世界,走进三维空间,与小编一起拥抱前端技术,涉及WebGL、WebGPU、Threejs、Shader、GIS、VR/AR、数字孪生、3D图形学等。
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